Hybrid Feature Fusion-Based High-Sensitivity Fire Detection and Early Warning for Intelligent Building Systems.

High-sensitivity early fire detection is an essential prerequisite to intelligent building safety. However, due to the small changes and erratic fluctuations in environmental parameters in the initial combustion phase, it is always a challenging task. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a hybrid feature fusion-based high-sensitivity early fire detection and warning method for in-building environments.

The localization of the alkaloids in rhizome by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry.

Background: Understanding the spatial distribution of active compounds can effectively evaluate the quality of decoction pieces of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Traditional methods are economical and practical but lack chemical information on the original distribution. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), with the advantage of non-destructive detection of samples, can directly analyze the distribution of chemical compounds on the surface of various samples.

Synergistic Antibacterial Effect and Mechanism of Allicin and an Enterobacter cloacae Bacteriophage.

Enterobacter cloacae is a troublesome pathogen causing refractory infections of the lower respiratory tract, urethra and abdominal cavity, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, and neonatal septicemia. It is prone to developing resistance to ordinary antibiotics and has brought a serious problem to clinical treatment. An artful synergistic combination of an antibacterial natural product allicin and a newly isolated bacteriophage, named BD523, was constructed herein.

Metabolome and transcriptome analysis reveals the molecular profiles underlying the ginseng response to rusty root symptoms.

Background: Ginseng rusty root symptoms (GRS) is one of the primary diseases of ginseng. This disease leads to a severe decline in the quality of ginseng. It has been shown that the occurrence of GRS is associated with soil environmental degradation, which may involve changes in soil microbiology and physicochemical properties.

Fermented ginseng attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses by activating the TLR4/MAPK signaling pathway and remediating gut barrier.

Generally, ginsenosides have the physiological effect of an anti-inflammatory immunity. After fermentation, the types of ginsenosides in ginseng change, and their physiological activity becomes a concern. L.

Comparative analysis of rhizosphere soil physiochemical characteristics and microbial communities between rusty and healthy ginseng root.

Ginseng rusty root (GRR) symptom is one of the primary diseases of ginseng. There has been a problem of ginseng rusty root, leading to a severe decline in the quality of ginseng. To clarify the relationship between root symptoms of ginseng rust and soil, the physical and chemical properties, enzyme activity, community structure and microbial diversity of GRR and healthy ginseng (HG) rhizosphere soil were analyzed and compared.

Effects of light irradiation on essential oil biosynthesis in the medicinal plant Asarum heterotropoides Fr. Schmidt var. mandshuricum (Maxim) Kitag.

Asarum heterotropoides Fr. var. mandshuricum (Maxim) Kitag (Chinese wild ginger) is an important medicinal herb.

Discovery of chemical markers for improving the quality and safety control of Sinomenium acutum stem by the simultaneous determination of multiple alkaloids using UHPLC-QQQ-MS/MS.

Sinomenium acutum stem is a popular traditional Chinese medicine used to treat bone and joint diseases. Sinomenine is considered the only chemical marker for the quality control of S. acutum stem in mainstream pharmacopeias.

Discovery of chemical markers for identifying species, growth mode and production area of Astragali Radix by using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole mass spectrometry.

Background: Astragali Radix (AR) is a well-known Chinese herbal medicine. The quality of AR can be affected by many factors such as species, growth mode and production area, but there are still no chemical markers to distinguish it.

Purpose: To explore chemical markers for improving the quality assessment of AR and discover chemical markers for identifying species, growth mode and production area of AR.

Inhibitory Effects of Ginsenoside Ro on the Growth of B16F10 Melanoma via Its Metabolites.

Ginsenoside Ro (Ro), a major saponin derived and isolated from C.A. Meyer, exerts multiple biological activities.

Antifeedant and ovicidal activities of ginsenosides against Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenee).

Introduction: Ginsenosides, including protopanaxdiol (PPD) and protopanaxtriol (PPT) type ginsenosides, have been identified as natural insecticidess. This study aimed to investigate the antifeedant and ovicidal activities of total ginsenosides, protopanaxdiol saponins (PDS) and protopanaxtriol saponins (PTS) against Asian corn borer, O. furnacalis (Guenee).

Discovery of markers for discriminating the age of cultivated ginseng by using UHPLC-QTOF/MS coupled with OPLS-DA.

Background: Ginseng (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) is gaining more publicity in modern society due to its health benefit and huge value in market.

Supplementation of American ginseng berry extract mitigated cisplatin-evoked nephrotoxicity by suppressing ROS-mediated activation of MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways.

Nephrotoxicity induced by cisplatin in 30% of all cisplatin treated patients seriously limits its clinical implication as a widely used anticancer agent, and may even cause patients to alter or give up cisplatin therapy. The purpose of this study is to test a protective effect of American ginseng berry extract (AGBE) on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in mice. In this study, the histopathological changes and elevated levels of serum creatinine (CRE) and urea nitrogen (BUN) caused by cisplatin were significantly diminished by AGBE treatment.

Influence of B-Complex Vitamins on the Pharmacokinetics of Ginsenosides Rg, Rb, and Ro After Oral Administration.

After cultivation of ginseng, ginsenosides, which are the major active ingredients of gingeng, were approved for use by the food industry, and began to be used as added functional ingredients to try to improve the quality and price of functional foods. However, the interaction between different types of ginsenosides and nutrients needs further study. We investigated the effect of B-complex vitamins (which are essential nutrients) on the pharmacokinetics of the ginsenosides protopanaxatriol-type saponin Rg, protopanaxadiol-type saponin Rb, and oleanolic acid-type saponin Ro after oral administration.

Complete (1)H-NMR and (13)C-NMR spectral assignment of five malonyl ginsenosides from the fresh flower buds of Panax ginseng.

Background: Ginsenosides are the major effective ingredients responsible for the pharmacological effects of ginseng. Malonyl ginsenosides are natural ginsenosides that contain a malonyl group attached to a glucose unit of the corresponding neutral ginsenosides.

Methods: Medium-pressure liquid chromatography and semipreparative high-performance liquid chromatography were used to isolate purified compounds and their structures determined by extensive one-dimensional- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments.

Rapid Isolation and Determination of Flavones in Biological Samples Using Zinc Complexation Coupled with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography.

Chlorophyll-type contaminants are commonly encountered in the isolation and determination of flavones of plant aerial plant parts. Heme is also a difficult background substance in whole blood analysis. Both chlorophyll and heme are porphyrin type compounds.

Mass Spectral Profile for Rapid Differentiating Beta-Lactams from Their Ring-Opened Impurities.

High performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC MS) has been widely used for β-lactam antibiotics determination. However, its application to identify impurities of these frequently used drugs is not sufficient at present. In this job, characteristic profiles of the collision induced dissociation (CID) spectra of both β-lactams and ring-opened β-lactams were extracted from the MS data of six β-lactam antibiotics and their forty-five impurities, and were confirmed by the MS data reported in the literature.

Depletion of high-abundance flavonoids by metal complexation and identification of low-abundance flavonoids in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi.

The complexation of metal cations and flavonoids with 5-hydroxyl or ortho-hydroxyl groups was successfully used for high-abundance flavone depletion from a botanical extract in this study. Due to their structural differences, five of the most highly abundant constituents, baicalin, wogonoside, baicalein, wogonin and oroxylin A, were successfully depleted from the ethanol extract of Radix Scutellariae. The depletion rates were approximately 99%, 85%, 99%, 70% and 76%, respectively.

A micro trapping system coupled with a high performance liquid chromatography procedure for methylamine determination in both tissue and cigarette smoke.

Both endogenous and exogenous methylamine have been found to be involved in many human disorders. The quantitative assessment of methylamine has drawn considerable interest in recent years. Although there have been many papers about the determination of methylamine, only a few of them involved cigarette smoke or mammalian tissue analysis.

Occurrence and distribution of salsolinol-like compound, 1-acetyl-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (ADTIQ) in parkinsonian brains.

Parkinson's disease (PD) arises from the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) is well known to cause Parkinsonism in humans with neurotoxicity specific for dopaminergic neurons. The experience with MPTP supports the hypothesis that endogenous or xenobiotic neurotoxins are involved in the pathogenesis of PD in humans.

Assessment of salsolinol N-methyltransferase activity in rat peripheral lymphocytes by liquid chromatography-electrospray time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

Salsolinol N-methyltranseferase (SNMT), which may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's diseases (PD), is a key enzyme to metabolize salsolinol into N-methylsalsolinol that is a neurotoxin specific to dopaminergic neurons. A sensitive method for the quantitative determination of SNMT activity in rat peripheral lymphocytes was developed and validated using liquid chromatography-electrospray with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-TOF). The calibration curve was linear over the range of 7.

Optimization and quality assessment of the post-digestion 18O labeling based on urea for protein denaturation by HPLC/ESI-TOF mass spectrometry.

The post-digestion (18)O labeling method decouples protein digestion and peptide labeling. This method allows labeling conditions to be optimized separately and increases labeling efficiency. A common method for protein denaturation in proteomics is the use of urea.