Dual role of phage terminase in oxidative stress response.

The adaptive survival mechanisms of bacterial pathogens under host-induced stress are crucial for understanding pathogenesis. Recently, Uppalapati et al. revealed a unique dual function of the Gifsy-1 prophage terminase in : it acts as a transfer ribonuclease (tRNase) under oxidative stress.

CRISPR beyond: harnessing compact RNA-guided endonucleases for enhanced genome editing.

The CRISPR-Cas system, an adaptive immunity system in prokaryotes designed to combat phages and foreign nucleic acids, has evolved into a groundbreaking technology enabling gene knockout, large-scale gene insertion, base editing, and nucleic acid detection. Despite its transformative impact, the conventional CRISPR-Cas effectors face a significant hurdle-their size poses challenges in effective delivery into organisms and cells. Recognizing this limitation, the imperative arises for the development of compact and miniature gene editors to propel advancements in gene-editing-related therapies.

Repurposing Type I-A CRISPR-Cas3 for a robust diagnosis of human papillomavirus (HPV).

R-loop-triggered collateral single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) nuclease activity within Class 1 Type I CRISPR-Cas systems holds immense potential for nucleic acid detection. However, the hyperactive ssDNase activity of Cas3 introduces unwanted noise and false-positive results. In this study, we identified a novel Type I-A Cas3 variant derived from Thermococcus siculi, which remains in an auto-inhibited state until it is triggered by Cascade complex and R-loop formation.

Effect of PKH-26-labeled exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on corneal epithelium regeneration in diabetic mice.

Background: It is known that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) could speed up the regeneration of diabetic corneal epithelium. To investigate the effect of exosomes derived from mouse BM-MSCs on corneal epithelium regeneration in diabetic mice.

Methods: Diabetic mouse models were established using streptozotocin (STZ), and their central corneal epithelium was scratched under a microscope.

Construction of a Promising Tumor-Infiltrating CD8+ T Cells Gene Signature to Improve Prediction of the Prognosis and Immune Response of Uveal Melanoma.

Background: CD8+ T cells work as a key effector of adaptive immunity and are closely associated with immune response for killing tumor cells. It is crucial to understand the role of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells in uveal melanoma (UM) to predict the prognosis and response to immunotherapy.

Materials And Methods: Single-cell transcriptomes of UM with immune-related genes were combined to screen the CD8+ T-cell-associated immune-related genes (CDIRGs) for subsequent analysis.

Regulation of Apoptosis by miR-122 in Pterygium via Targeting Bcl-w.

Purpose: To identify the differently expressed micro (mi) RNAs in pterygium compared with normal conjunctiva and investigate the potential role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of pterygium.

Methods: With microRNA microarray and quantitative RT-PCR, we identified that microRNA-122 (miR-122) was significantly decreased in pterygium tissue. We detected the expression of Bcl-w, a predicted target of miR-122, in both pterygium and normal conjunctiva, as well as its correlation with the expression of miR-122.

Comparison of Visual Quality after Implantation of Big Bag and Akreos Adapt Intraocular Lenses in Patients with High Myopia.

Purpose: To compare vision quality following phacoemulsification cataract extraction and implantation of a Big Bag or Akreos Adapt intraocular lens (IOL) in patients diagnosed with high myopia complicated with cataract.

Methods: This was a randomized prospective control study. The patients with high myopia.

Clinical efficacy of toric orthokeratology in myopic adolescent with moderate to high astigmatism.

Purpose: To observe the efficacy of toric design orthokera- tology (ortho-k) for correcting myopia and astigmatism in myopic adolescents with moderate to high astigmatism.

Methods: This was a self-controlled clinical study. Twenty-four subjects (42 eyes) aged 9 to 16 years with myopia of 2.

[Combining application burst and occlude mode in the treatment of hard nucleus cataract during phacoemulisification].

Purpose: To investigate the effect of combined burst and occlude mode in the treatment of hard nucleus cataract during phacoemulisification.

Methods: Phacoemulisification with combined burst and occlude mode were performed in forty-eight eyes with senile cataracts with nucleus density at grade III-V.

Results: First day after operation, the uncorrected visual acuity in 25 eyes were from 0.