Preoperative Serum Glycan Levels Reflect Progression of Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: Abnormal glycosylation is associated with tumors. The clinical value of serum glycans in assessing progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients remains a challenge.

Methods: A study dynamically comparing levels of fifteen lectin-specific glycans between preoperative and postoperative serum of 65 HCC patients was conducted via lectin biochip technology.

Comparison of efficacies of different treatments for nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease in Anhui Province, China.

Introduction: Although nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infection is a common cause of pulmonary disease worldwide, few studies have focused on epidemiological and therapeutic factors related to NTM cases in Anhui Province, China. This retrospective study aimed to identify aetiological and clinical factors, and treatment outcomes of patients with NTM pulmonary disease (NTMPD) in Anhui.

Methodology: Retrospective clinical data obtained from medical records of NTMPD patients seeking care at Anhui Chest Hospital from July 2019 to June 2022 were analyzed.

Mulberry Leaf Lipid Nanoparticles: a Naturally Targeted CRISPR/Cas9 Oral Delivery Platform for Alleviation of Colon Diseases.

Oral treatment of colon diseases with the CRISPR/Cas9 system has been hampered by the lack of a safe and efficient delivery platform. Overexpressed CD98 plays a crucial role in the progression of ulcerative colitis (UC) and colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). In this study, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) derived from mulberry leaves are functionalized with Pluronic copolymers and optimized to deliver the CRISPR/Cas gene editing machinery for CD98 knockdown.

Recent strategies, progress, and prospects of two-dimensional metal carbides (MXenes) materials in wastewater purification: A review.

With the rapid development of industrialization, water pollution directly leads to the serious shortage of fresh water. As reported by the World Water Council, nearly 3.8 billion people will face water scarcity by 2030.

Aging aggravates liver fibrosis through downregulated hepatocyte SIRT1-induced liver sinusoidal endothelial cell dysfunction.

Background: Aging increases the susceptibility to chronic liver diseases and hastens liver fibrosis deterioration, but the underlying mechanisms remain partially understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aging and chronic liver diseases on hepatocyte Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and LSECs and their contribution to liver fibrosis pathogeneses.

Methods: Young (8-12 wk) and aged (18-20 mo) mice were subjected to carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis.

Transparent silk fibroin film-facilitated infected-wound healing through antibacterial, improved fibroblast adhesion and immune modulation.

The clinical application of regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) films for wound treatment is restricted by its undesirable mechanical properties and lack of antibacterial activity. Herein, different pluronic polymers were introduced to optimize their mechanical properties and the RSF film with 2.5% pluronic F127 (RSF) stood out to address the above issues owing to its satisfactory mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, and transmittance.

Accuracy of Nanopore Sequencing as a Diagnostic Assay for Pulmonary Tuberculosis versus Smear, Culture and Xpert MTB/RIF: A Head-to-Head Comparison.

Early diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is pivotal for achieving effective tuberculosis (TB) control. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of nanopore sequencing of sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and pleural fluid samples for achieving early PTB diagnosis and provided head-to-head comparisons of nanopore sequencing results versus results obtained using smear, culture, and Xpert MTB/RIF assays. Patients admitted from October 2021 to April 2023 were screened for PTB using diagnostic imaging and electronic medical records.

Field-free spin-orbit switching of perpendicular magnetization enabled by dislocation-induced in-plane symmetry breaking.

Current induced spin-orbit torque (SOT) holds great promise for next generation magnetic-memory technology. Field-free SOT switching of perpendicular magnetization requires the breaking of in-plane symmetry, which can be artificially introduced by external magnetic field, exchange coupling or device asymmetry. Recently it has been shown that the exploitation of inherent crystal symmetry offers a simple and potentially efficient route towards field-free switching.

A simplified direct on-chip forward or reverse immunoassay for evaluating protein-protein interactions in the serum.

Background: The identification of protein-protein interactions is a great challenge. In this study, we fabricated a gold surface-modified biochip with activated sophorolipids (SLs) in combination with 16-amino-1-hexadecanethiol hydrochloride to detect serum proteins.

Main Methods And Major Results: The on-chip immunoassay reported here included a forward assay, in which a ligand is immobilized on the biochip surface and allowed to interact with its free specific receptor in liquid phase, and a reverse assay, in which a receptor is loaded on the biochip surface and combined with its free specific ligand in solution.

The Association of Peripheral T Lymphocyte Subsets Disseminated Infection by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in HIV-Negative Patients: A Retrospective Observational Study.

This study was performed to investigate the association of peripheral T lymphocyte subsets with disseminated infection (DI) by (MTB) in HIV-negative patients. The study included 587 HIV-negative tuberculosis (TB) patients. In TB patients with DI, the proportion of CD4+ T cells decreased, the proportion of CD8+ T cells increased, and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ T cells decreased.

Oral Nanomotor-Enabled Mucus Traverse and Tumor Penetration for Targeted Chemo-Sono-Immunotherapy against Colon Cancer.

The therapeutic outcomes of oral nanomedicines against colon cancer are heavily compromised by their lack of specific penetration into the internal tumor, favorable anti-tumor activity, and activation of anti-tumor immunity. Herein, hydrogen peroxide (H O )/ultrasound (US)-driven mesoporous manganese oxide (MnO )-based nanomotors are constructed by loading mitochondrial sonosensitizers into their mesoporous channels and orderly dual-functionalizing their surface with silk fibroin and chondroitin sulfate. The locomotory activities and tumor-targeting capacities of the resultant nanomotors (CS-ID@NMs) are greatly improved in the presence of H O and US irradiation, inducing efficient mucus-traversing and deep tumor penetration.

Trace elements apportionment in forage, soil, and livestock in rangeland ecosystems along climatic gradients.

Background: Alpine meadows, typical steppes, and deserts are among the globally important rangeland types that are generally distributed along temperature and precipitation gradients. Mineral losses caused by grazing are one of the key factors that can lead to instability or even degradation of these rangeland ecosystems.

Methods: We examined the concentrations of Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn in soil, forage, and livestock dungs from diverse rangeland types in northwest China, to determine the relationships between these trace elements (TEs) concentrations and climatic factors (i.

Nematic-type Structure of the SnO (110) Surface at Room Temperature.

The most exposed (110) surface of SnO plays an important role in practical applications like gas sensors and catalysts. It has previously been considered to be amorphous at room temperature. In this study, the structure of the (110) surface stabilized at room temperature is determined using aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy and first-principles calculations.

Integration of Bulk RNA Sequencing and Single-Cell RNA Sequencing to Reveal Uveal Melanoma Tumor Heterogeneity and Cells Related to Survival.

Molecular classification based on transcriptional characteristics is often used to study tumor heterogeneity. Human cancer has different cell populations with distinct transcription in tumors, and their heterogeneity is the focus of tumor therapy. Our purpose was to explore the tumor heterogeneity of uveal melanoma (UM) through RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq).

Oral antimicrobial peptide-EGCG nanomedicines for synergistic treatment of ulcerative colitis.

The pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC) is associated with severe inflammation, damaged colonic barriers, increased oxidative stress, and intestinal dysbiosis. The majority of current medications strive to alleviate inflammation but fail to target additional disease pathologies. Addressing multiple symptoms using a single 'magic bullet' remains a challenge.

Evaluation of a novel inhibitor of aspartate semialdehyde dehydrogenase as a potent antitubercular agent against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

The in vitro activity of IMB-XMA0038, a novel inhibitor targeting Mycobacterial tuberculosis (Mtb) aspartate semialdehyde dehydrogenase, was evaluated. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of IMB-XMA0038 were against 20 Mtb isolates, including H37Rv (ATCC 27294), ten clinical pan-sensitive isolates, and nine clinical multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates. In addition, minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) were also determined against the H37Rv and 6 MDR isolates (the background information is same as above in order).

Immune classification and identification of prognostic genes for uveal melanoma based on six immune cell signatures.

Cutaneous melanoma could be treated by immunotherapy, which only has limited efficacy on uveal melanoma (UM). UM immunotyping for predicting immunotherapeutic responses and guiding immunotherapy should be better understood. This study identified molecular subtypes and key genetic markers associated with immunotherapy through immunosignature analysis.

Identification of Hub Genes Associated with Diabetes Mellitus and Tuberculosis Using Bioinformatic Analysis.

Purpose: To investigate the potential pathophysiological association between tuberculosis (TB) and diabetes mellitus (DM) using bioinformatic analyses.

Patients And Methods: Gene expression datasets for healthy controls (HCs), TB patients, DM patients, TB+DM patients (GSE114192), and metformin-treated cells (GSE102677) were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from pairwise dataset comparisons TB vs HCs and DM vs HCs.

Surface Structures of MnO and the Partition of Oxidation States of Mn.

The Mn(III) ions at MnO surface are hypothesized to contribute to catalytic activity in oxygen reduction reaction. However, the surface structure and stability of MnO are far less understood. Here, the atomic structures of the widespread (101) and (001) surfaces of MnO are determined by combining aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy and DFT calculations.

Expression profiling of TRIM gene family reveals potential diagnostic biomarkers for rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis.

The epidemic of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), especially rifampin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) presents a major challenge for TB control today. However, there is a lack of reliable and specific biomarkers for the early diagnosis of RR-TB. We utilized reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) to profile the transcript levels of 72 tripartite motif (TRIM) genes from a discovery cohort of 10 drug-sensitive tuberculosis (DS-TB) patients, 10 RR-TB patients, and 10 healthy controls (HCs).

A simple lectin-based biochip might display the potential clinical value of glycomics in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.

Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a cerebrovascular disease with extremely high disability and mortality rates. Glycans play critical roles in biological processes. However, whether glycans can serve as potential biomarkers for determining clinical diagnosis and prognosis in ICH remains determined.

Do combined assays of serum AFP, AFP-L3, DCP, GP73, and DKK-1 efficiently improve the clinical values of biomarkers in decision-making for hepatocellular carcinoma? A meta-analysis.

: Serum biomarkers are valuable for clinical decision-making for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), among which the most promising are AFP, AFP-L3, DCP, DKK-1, and GP73; however, the efficacy of using combined biomarkers remains controversial. This meta-analysis provides insights regarding this topic.: After systematically surveying the literature available in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library, we identified 28 qualified articles published since January 2015.