The hidden RNA viruses in (cockroaches and termites).

The insect order (cockroaches and termites) has drawn substantial research attention for their dietary habits and lifestyle of living with or around humans. In the present study, we focused on the discovery of RNA viruses hidden in insects using the publicly available RNA sequencing datasets. Overall, 136 distinctive RNA viruses were identified from 36 species, of which more than 70 % were most closely related to the invertebrate-associated viral groups within , , , , , , , , and .

Development of a new cellular immunological detection method for tuberculosis based on HupB protein induced IL-6 release test.

Objective: As a virulence factor, HupB plays important roles in the survival of MTB after infection and modulates the host immune response. In the current study, we aim to explore a new cellular immunological detection method for tuberculosis infection detection based on HupB protein.

Methods: HupB was used to stimulate PBMCs extracted from pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients, and secreted cytokines was examined.

Exploring Anticancer Activities and Structure-Activity Relationships of Binuclear Oxidovanadium(IV) Complexes.

Dimeric mixed-ligand oxidovanadium complexes [VO(1,3-pdta)(bpy)]·9HO () and [VO(1,3-pdta)(phen)]·6HO () feature a symmetric binuclear structure bridged by 1,3-pdta, which is different from our previous reported asymmetric binuclear complex [VO(edta)(phen)]·11HO ().In this study, a wide range of analytical techniques were carried out to fully characterize the complexes and and further investigate their structural stabilities. Density functional theory calculations of and also suggest that they might have good reactivity with biomolecules as anticancer agents.

Directed Evolution of a Tryptophan 2,3-Dioxygenase for the Diastereoselective Monooxygenation of Tryptophans.

Herein, we report an engineered enzyme that can monooxygenate unprotected tryptophan into the corresponding 3a-hydroxyhexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indole-2-carboxylic acid (HPIC) in a single, scalable step with excellent turnover number and diastereoselectivity. Taking advantage of directed evolution, we analyzed the stepwise oxygen-insertion mechanism of tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenases, and transformed tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase from Xanthomonas campestris into a monooxygenase for oxidative cyclization of tryptophans. It was revealed that residue F51 is vital in determining the product ratio of HPIC to N'-formylkynurenine.

NHC-catalyzed [4+2] cycloaddition reactions for the synthesis of 3'-spirocyclic oxindoles via a C-F bond cleavage protocol.

A chiral NHC-catalyzed cycloaddition of γ-fluoroenals is developed. The nucleophilic γ-carbon generated via C-F bond cleavage undergoes highly enantioselective cycloaddition (up to >99% ee) to isatins and provides 3'-spirocyclic oxindoles in good yields (up to 91%).

Synthetic Access to Oxazolidin-4-ones via Elimination/[3+2] Cycloaddition Reaction.

Elimination/[3+2] cycloaddition reactions of simple enals and unprotected isatins with haloamides have been developed. This transformation provides rapid access to highly functionalized oxazolidin-4-ones that are represented in bioactive compounds.