Effect of Autonomous Vehicles on Fatigue Life of Orthotropic Steel Decks.

The fatigue life of orthotropic steel decks (OSDs) is significantly affected by vehicle loads, and the local stress response of OSDs is sensitive to the transverse position of vehicle loads. However, the presence of autonomous vehicles is likely to change the transverse distribution of vehicles within the lane, thereby affecting vehicle-induced fatigue damage to OSDs. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the potential effect of autonomous vehicles on the fatigue life of OSDs so that appropriate strategies can be implemented to control the transverse positions of autonomous vehicles passing the bridge deck.

International expert consensus on laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Importance: While laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD) is being adopted with increasing enthusiasm worldwide, it is still challenging for both technical and anatomical reasons. Currently, there is no consensus on the technical standards for LPD.

Objective: The aim of this consensus statement is to guide the continued safe progression and adoption of LPD.

MicroRNA-144 suppresses cholangiocarcinoma cell proliferation and invasion through targeting platelet activating factor acetylhydrolase isoform 1b.

Background: MicroRNAs are endogenous non-coding RNAs that play important roles in a wide variety of biological processes such as apoptosis, development, aging and cancer. The aberrant expression of miRNAs may contribute to phenotypic features of malignant cells, including resistance to chemotherapy. However, in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) the correlation between miRNAs and their potential roles in CCA remains unclear.

Decitabine inhibits the cell growth of cholangiocarcinoma in cultured cell lines and mouse xenografts.

Decitabine (DAC), an inhibitor of DNA methyltransferase, demonstrates antitumor activities in various types of cancer. However, its therapeutic potential for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), one of the most aggressive gastrointestinal malignancies, remains to be explored. The present study investigated the antiproliferative effects of DAC on CCA cells and .

The fibroblast growth factor receptor 2-mediated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 signaling pathway plays is important in regulating excision repair cross-complementary gene 1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Excision repair cross-complementary gene 1 (ERCC1) is a downstream regulatory target of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2); however, the mechanism of its action has not been elucidated. The cascades downstream of FGFR2 include the PKC, Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK, JAK/STAT and PI3K pathways. ERCC1 is considered to be a closely related downstream target gene of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, since ERCC1 mRNA and protein levels may be inhibited by the ERK inhibitor U0126.

Sodium valproate inhibits the growth of human cholangiocarcinoma in vitro and in vivo.

Background. None of treatment options for Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), including surgery, adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and ultimately liver transplantation, have been shown to substantially improve the survival rate in patients with CCA. Valproic acid (VPA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, has been shown to display potent antitumor effects.

[Typing and surgical treatment choice for pancreatic ductal stone].

Objective: To explore the improvement of typing and reasonable surgical treatment for pancreatic ductal stone (PDS).

Methods: Totally 89 patients with pancreatic ductul stone treated underwent surgeries from January 2000 to December 2012 were involved into this study. There were 57 male and 32 female patients, the average age was (52 ± 23) years.

Efficacy of gemcitabine plus platinum agents for biliary tract cancers: a meta-analysis.

The objective of this study was to carry out a meta-analysis of the efficacy of gemcitabine+platinum agent regimens in the treatment of advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC). PubMed and Google Scholar were searched using the following combination of search terms: gemcitabine, oxaliplatin, cholangiocarcinoma, biliary, gallbladder, bile duct. Studies were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis if they were randomized trials on the use of gemcitabine plus a platinum agent for the treatment of advanced (unresectable or metastatic cancer) BTC.

Emodin regulating excision repair cross-complementation group 1 through fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 signaling.

Aim: To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the reversal effect of emodin on platinum resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Methods: After the addition of 10 μmol/L emodin to HepG2/oxaliplatin (OXA) cells, the inhibition rate (IR), 50% inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) and reversal index (IC₅₀ in experimental group/IC₅₀ in control group) were calculated. For HepG2, HepG2/OXA, HepG2/OXA/T, each cell line was divided into a control group, OXA group, OXA + fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7) group and OXA + emodin group, and the final concentrations of FGF7, emodin and OXA in each group were 5 ng/mL, 10 μg/mL and 10 μmol/L, respectively.

Mutual regulation between microRNA-373 and methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 2 in hilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Aim: To investigate the reciprocal modulation between microRNA (miRNA) and DNA methylation via exploring the correlation between miR-373 and methyl-CpG-binding domain protein (MBD)2.

Methods: MiR-373 expression was examined using the TaqMan miRNA assay. Methylation of miR-373 was investigated using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction, and recruitment of methyl binding proteins was studied using the chromatin immunoprecipitation assay.

Identification of methylation profile of HOX genes in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Aim: To identify methylation profile and novel tumor marker of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) with high throughout microarray.

Methods: Differential methylation profile was compared between normal bile duct epithelial cell lines and CCA cell lines by methyl-DNA immunoprecipitation (MeDIP) microarray. Bisulfite-polymerase chain reaction (BSP) was performed to identify the methylated allels of target genes.

Characterization of 9-nitrocamptothecin liposomes: anticancer properties and mechanisms on hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro and in vivo.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most common cause of cancer related mortality worldwide. 9-Nitrocamptothecin (9NC) is a potent topoisomerase-I inhibitor with strong anticancer effect. To increase the solubility and stability, we synthesized a novel 9NC loaded liposomes (9NC-LP) via incorporating 9NC into liposomes.

Cytotoxicity of Triptolide and Triptolide loaded polymeric micelles in vitro.

Triptolide (TP), a diterpenoid triepoxide purified from the Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F is characterized by strong anti-tumor effects on various cancer cells. Except its anti-tumor effects, TP also shows multiple pharmacological side activities, such as anti-inflammatory, immune-suppressive and male anti-fertility. In order to reduce these side effects, especially the immuno-suppressive activity when used to cure cancer, a novel polymeric micelle system containing TP (TP-PM) was constructed.

Methyl-CpG binding protein MBD2 is implicated in methylation-mediated suppression of miR-373 in hilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Aberrant expression of miRNAs is associated with particular cancers showing tissue- and clinical-feature-specificity patterns. Some miRNA genes harboring or being embedded in CpG islands undergo methylation mediated silencing. MBP, methyl CpG binding protein, suppresses transcription through binding to methylated CpG dinucleotides.

miR-373 negatively regulates methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 2 (MBD2) in hilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding, single-stranded RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. Methyl-CpG-binding domain proteins (MBPs) are transcription repressors through binding to methylated gene promoters. Recent studies have shown that the effect of miRNAs on DNA methylation by targeting DNA methyltransferase (DNMTs) and/or MBPs plays an important role in various human cancers.

[Effect of protecting parathyroid in situ in the operation of total thyroidectomy].

Objective: To evaluate the effect of protecting parathyroid glands in situ in the operation of total thyroidectomy by detecting parathyroid hormone after the operation.

Methods: In the surgical team, 1019 consecutive patients with thyroid diseases were treated with total thyroidectomy. During the operation, parathyroid glands were protected in situ with correctly identifying the parathyroid glands, precisely dissecting its envelope and protecting its blood supply.

[Prevention and cure of the complications after radical pancreatoduodenectomy].

Objective: To investigate the causes and the measures of prevention and cure of the dangerous complications (bleeding, pancreatic fistula, biliary fistula and death) after radical pancreatoduodenectomy (RPD) for periampullary malignant tumor.

Methods: The rate and management of dangerous complications of 156 cases with RPD which were continuous performed by Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology between January 2006 and June 2008 were analyzed retrospectively, including 97 males and 59 females with 37 - 79 years old, the mean age was 56.9 years old.

[Conservative therapy in the treatment of cervical chylous leakage].

Objective: To explore and evaluate the combined conservative managements in the treatment of cervical chylous leakage.

Methods: Thirty nine cases of cervical chylous leakage from June 1992 to June 2008 were retrospectively analyzed in this hospital. All of the 39 cases were cured by treating with conservative individualized therapy, including the applying of diet with high calorie, high protein and low fat and fatty food should only contains medium-chain triglycerides, total parenteral nutrition, keep the balance of hydrogen and electrolyte and correct hypoproteinemia, local pressure dressing, high persistent vacuum drainage (-50 approximately -80 kPa) and/or somatostatin analogue.

Expression of P-aPKC-iota, E-cadherin, and beta-catenin related to invasion and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objectives: Atypical protein kinase C iota (aPKC-iota) and its associated intracellular molecules, E-cadherin and beta-catenin, are important for cell polarization in tumorigenesis and progression. Expression of aPKC-iota, P-aPKC-iota (activated aPKC-iota), E-cadherin, and beta-catenin in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was measured, and correlation with clinicopathological characteristics of HCC was analyzed.

Methods: Paraffin-embedded tumor tissue was obtained from patients with HCC after resection without preoperative radiotherapy or chemotherapy.

Significance and expression of atypical protein kinase C-iota in human hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background And Objective: Previous studies have indicated that abnormal expression of atypical protein kinase C (aPKC-iota) plays a critical role in occurrence and progression of malignant tumor. This study analyzed the correlation of aPKC-iota with clinicopathology in hepatocarcinoma and Cyclin E and investigated molecular mechanisms of invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Materials And Methods: The expression of the aPKC-iota gene was examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in 7 specimens of normal liver tissues and 43 of hepatoma and adjacent tissues.

[The technique of radical pancreaticoduodenectomy for malignant tumor in pancreatic head with pressed superior mesenteric blood vessels or portal vein].

Objective: To investigate the technique of radical pancreaticoduodenectomy for malignant tumor in pancreatic head with pressed superior mesenteric blood vessel or portal vein.

Methods: From March 2005 to March 2007, thin slice scan and vessel-reconstruction of 56 patients of malignant tumor in pancreatic head with pressed superior mesenteric blood vessels or portal vein were carried out using multidetector spiral CT to evaluate whether peripheral vessels of pancreatic tumor were invaded and whether the tumor was resectable. During the operation, 3 vascular blocking bands for superior mesenteric vein, portal vein and spleen vein or 4 vascular blocking bands (additional one for inferior mesenteric vein) were preset.

Effect of mutant p27(kipl) gene on human cholangiocarcinoma cell line, QBC(939).

Aim: To investigate the effects of exogenously mutated p27(kipl) (p27) on proliferation and apoptosis of human cholangiocarcinoma cell line, QBC(939)in vivo.

Methods: Adenviral vectors were used to transfect mutated p27 cDNA into human QBC(939)cell line. Expression of p27 was detected by RT-PCR.

The effect of targeted magnetic nanopaticles on hepatoma and the expression of bcl-2/bax protein.

The effect of targeted magnetic nanoparticles on hepatoma and the underlying mechanism were examined. Nude mice transplanted with a human hepatoma cell line (HepG2 cells) were randomized into 5 groups, including: (1) group A, receiving normal saline, (2) group B, receiving 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu), (3) group C, receiving magnetic nanoparticles containing 5-Fu, (4) group D, consisting of treatment with magnetic nanoparticles containing 5-Fu and inside magnetic field and (5) group E, receiving pure magnetic nanoparticles and inside magnetic field. Morphological features of transplanted tumors in mice in each group were observed under transmission electron microscope (TEM).

Suppressing effects of down-regulating DNMT1 and DNMT3b expression on the growth of human cholangiocarcinoma cell line.

Hypermethylation in the promoter region is an important epigenetic mechanism for the transcriptional repression of a number of cancer-associated genes, and over-expression and/or increased activity of DNA methyltransferases are considered to be the main cause of promoter hypermethylation. In order to explore the roles of two methyltransferase members (DNMT1 and DNMT3b) in the cholangiocarcinoma tumorigenesis, antisense eukaryotic expression plasmid of DNMT1 and DNMT3b gene was constructed respectively, and were co-transfected into the human cholangiocarcinoma cell line QBC-939 to observe their biological effects on the cell growth and proliferation ability, apoptosis, cell cycle alteration, and the tumorigenesis ability in the subcutaneous tissue of nude mouse. The results demonstrated that co-transfection with antisense eukaryotic expression plasmid of DNMT1 and DNMT3b gene and single transfection with antisense eukaryotic expression plasmid of DNMT1 gene can suppress the growth and proliferation of QBC-939, block the cell cycle at G1 phase, increase the apoptosis rate, minimize the tumor size in the subcutaneous tissue of nude mouse.

Effect of histone deacetylase inhibitor on proliferation of biliary tract cancer cell lines.

Aim: To explore the effect of histone deacetylase inhibitor, trichostatin A (TSA) on the growth of biliary tract cancer cell lines (gallbladder carcinoma cell line and cholangiocarcinoma cell line) in vivo and in vitro, and to investigate the perspective of histone deacetylase inhibitor in its clinical application.

Methods: The survival rates of gallbladder carcinoma cell line (Mz-ChA-l cell line) and cholangiocarcinoma cell lines (QBC939, KMBC and OZ cell lines) treated with various doses of TSA were detected by methylthiazoy tetrazolium (MTT) assay. A nude mouse model of transplanted gallbladder carcinoma (Mz-ChA-l cell line) was successfully established, and changes in the growth of transplanted tumor after treated with TSA were measured.