[Mechanism of Yupingfeng Powder on hepatic insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats by regulating IRS/PI3K/Akt pathway].

Based on the insulin receptor substrate(IRS)/phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt) pathway, the intervention effect of Yupingfeng Powder on type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) rats was studied, and the potential mechanism of improving T2DM hepatic insulin resistance was explored. A T2DM rat model was established by feeding with high-fat and high-sugar feed combined with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Successfully modeled rats were selected and divided into a model group, a positive control group(MET), and a Yupingfeng Powder group.

State Transitions and Crystalline Structures of Single Polyethylene Rings: MD Simulations.

This study investigates the structural changes of cyclic polyethylene (PE) single chains during cooling through molecular dynamics simulations. The influence of topological constraint on a ring is examined by comparing it with the results of its linear counterpart. A pseudo phase diagram of state transition for PE rings based on length and temperature is constructed, revealing a consistent chain-folding transition during cooling.

[Integrated strategy for mechanism of Shenling Baizhu San in treating ulcerative colitis based on colonic metabolomics and network pharmacology].

Shenling Baizhu San(SLBZS) is a commonly used medicine for the treatment of ulcerative colitis(UC). This study aims to explore the mechanism of SLBZS in treating UC by using colonic metabolomics and network pharmacology. BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups: a blank group, a model group, an SLBZS group, and a sulfasalazine group.

Femtosecond laser lithotripsy: a novel alternative for kidney stone treatment? Evaluating the safety and effectiveness in an ex vivo study.

The Holmium (Ho:YAG) laser is presently the most extensively employed in laser lithotripsy for the management of kidney stones. Despite its adoption as the gold standard for laser lithotripsy, Ho:YAG laser lithotripsy poses three significant challenges, namely thermal effect, insufficient stone fragmentation, and stone displacement, which have garnered increased attention from urologic surgeons. Nowadays, the femtosecond laser is regarded as a potential alternative to the Ho:YAG laser due to its capacity to ablate diverse materials with minimal thermal effect.

Building a nomogram plot based on the nanopore targeted sequencing for predicting urinary tract pathogens and differentiating from colonizing bacteria.

Background: The identification of uropathogens (UPBs) and urinary tract colonizing bacteria (UCB) conduces to guide the antimicrobial therapy to reduce resistant bacterial strains and study urinary microbiota. This study established a nomogram based on the nanopore-targeted sequencing (NTS) and other infectious risk factors to distinguish UPB from UCB.

Methods: Basic information, medical history, and multiple urine test results were continuously collected and analyzed by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, and multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the independent predictors and construct nomogram.

Clinical features and prognostic factors in patients diagnosed with lymphovascular invasion of testicular germ-cell tumors: Analysis based on the SEER database.

Background: Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is a high-risk factor for testicular germ-cell tumors (TGCT), but a prognostic model for TGCT-LVI patients is lacking. This study aimed to develop a nomogram for predicting the overall survival (OS) of TGCT-LVI patients.

Methods: A complete cohort of 3288 eligible TGCG-LVI patients (training cohort, 2300 cases; validation cohort, 988 cases) were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database.

Survey of Reinforcement-Learning-Based MAC Protocols for Wireless Ad Hoc Networks with a MAC Reference Model.

In this paper, we conduct a survey of the literature about reinforcement learning (RL)-based medium access control (MAC) protocols. As the scale of the wireless ad hoc network (WANET) increases, traditional MAC solutions are becoming obsolete. Dynamic topology, resource allocation, interference management, limited bandwidth and energy constraint are crucial problems needing resolution for designing modern WANET architectures.

An Efficient Routing Scheme Based on Node Attributes for Opportunistic Networks in Oceans.

Along with the fast development of the marine economy and ever-increasing human activities, handy and reliable marine networking services are increasingly required in recent years. The ocean faces challenges to support cost-effective communication due to its special environments. Opportunistic networks with easy deployment and self-curing capability are expected to play an important role to adapt to such dynamic networking environments.

The Preparation of Amorphous ZrC/Nanocrystalline Ni Multilayers and the Resistance to He Irradiation.

The development of accident-tolerant materials is of great significance for preventing the zirconium-water reactions and improving the inherent safety of nuclear reactors. In this study, ZrC/Ni multilayers with average layer thicknesses of 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 nm were designed and successfully fabricated by magnetron sputtering. The characterization results of GIXRD, SEM, AFM, TEM, etc.

Study on Irradiation Response of Nanocrystalline Phase in Sm-Doping Fluorapatite Glass-Ceramics under He Ion Irradiation.

Two different of Sm-loading fluorapatite (CaNaSm(PO)F, x = 1 and 2) glass-ceramics were synthesized by a two-step melt sintering method. The samples were irradiated with 50 keV He ions with a fluence of 2.6 × 10 ions/cm at 593 K.

State Transitions and Crystalline Structures of a Single Polyethylene Chain: MD Simulations.

The structures of a single polyethylene chain were investigated using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations with a series of cutoff distances. We found that a long single chain with a short cutoff distance undergoes coil, globule, and crystal states during a continuous cooling process. The globule state vanishes for short chains less than a certain length where there is large conformational fluctuation.

In-Situ TEM Annealing Observation of Helium Bubble Evolution in Pre-Irradiated FeCoNiCrTi Alloys.

The FeCoNiCrTi high-entropy alloys fabricated by vacuum arc melting method, and the annealed pristine material, are face centered cubic structures with coherent γ' precipitation. Samples were irradiated with 50 keV He ions to a fluence of 2 × 10 ions/cm at 723 K, and an in situ annealing experiment was carried out to monitor the evolution of helium bubbles during heating to 823 and 923 K. The pristine structure of FeCoNiCrTi samples and the evolution of helium bubbles during in situ annealing were both characterized by transmission electron microscopy.

Generative Adversarial Network Technologies and Applications in Computer Vision.

Computer vision is one of the hottest research fields in deep learning. The emergence of generative adversarial networks (GANs) provides a new method and model for computer vision. The idea of GANs using the game training method is superior to traditional machine learning algorithms in terms of feature learning and image generation.

Photocatalyzed cascade Meerwein addition/cyclization of N-benzylacrylamides toward azaspirocycles.

A visible-light-induced cascade Meerwein addition/cyclization of alkenes involving C-F bond cleavage was developed. This method offers a rapid access to azaspirocyclic cyclohexadienones from N-benzylacrylamides via C-F bond cleavage applying H2O as an external oxygen source, allowing for the incorporation of various aromatic moieties originating from aryldiazonium salts.

A Localization Method for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Mobility Prediction and Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithms.

Due to their special environment, Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) are usually deployed over a large sea area and the nodes are usually floating. This results in a lower beacon node distribution density, a longer time for localization, and more energy consumption. Currently most of the localization algorithms in this field do not pay enough consideration on the mobility of the nodes.

Key Management Scheme Based on Route Planning of Mobile Sink in Wireless Sensor Networks.

In many wireless sensor network application scenarios the key management scheme with a Mobile Sink (MS) should be fully investigated. This paper proposes a key management scheme based on dynamic clustering and optimal-routing choice of MS. The concept of Traveling Salesman Problem with Neighbor areas (TSPN) in dynamic clustering for data exchange is proposed, and the selection probability is used in MS route planning.

A Network Topology Control and Identity Authentication Protocol with Support for Movable Sensor Nodes.

It is expected that in the near future wireless sensor network (WSNs) will be more widely used in the mobile environment, in applications such as Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) for marine monitoring and mobile robots for environmental investigation. The sensor nodes' mobility can easily cause changes to the structure of a network topology, and lead to the decline in the amount of transmitted data, excessive energy consumption, and lack of security. To solve these problems, a kind of efficient Topology Control algorithm for node Mobility (TCM) is proposed.

Plasmonic induced triple-band absorber for sensor application.

We design and investigate a triple-band plasmonic metamaterial absorber (PMA) for sensor application. The underlying mechanism is investigated theoretically and numerically. Three characteristic absorption peaks are demonstrated to be induced by different plasmonic modes which lead to different responses for the plasmonic sensor.

Synthesis and anti-bacterial activity of some heterocyclic chalcone derivatives bearing thiofuran, furan, and quinoline moieties.

36 Novel heterocyclic chalcone derivatives were synthesized and tested for their anti-bacterial activity. Some compounds presented good anti-microbial activities against Gram-positive bacteria (including the multidrug-resistant clinical isolates). This class of compounds presented high potency against Streptococcus mutans, among which the derivatives F2 with an MIC of 2 µg/mL was as active as the standard drug (norfloxacin) and less active than oxacillin.

Synthesis of 2-(4-substitutedbenzyl-[1,4]diazepan-1-yl)-n-(1-methyl-4,5-dihydro-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinolin-7-yl)acetamides as inotropic agents.

In an attempt to search for more potent positive inotropic agents, a series of N-(4,5-dihydro-1-methyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinolin-7-yl)-2-(substitutedbenzyl-[1,4]diazepan-1-yl)acetamides were synthesized and evaluated for positive inotropic activity by measuring left atrium stroke volume in isolated rabbit heart preparations. Some of these derivatives exhibited favorable activity compared with the standard drug, milrinone, among which 2-(4-(4-methylbenzyl)-[1,4]-diazepan-1-yl)-N-(4,5-dihydro-1-methyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinolin-7-yl)acetamide (6m) was the most potent, increasing stroke volume by 8.38±0.

Synthesis and in-vitro inotropic evaluation of 2-(4-substitutedbenzyl-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)-N-(4,5-dihydro-1-phenyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinolin-7-yl)acetamides.

We describe the synthesis and positive inotropic evaluation of a series of 2-(4-substitutedbenzyl-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)-N-(4,5-dihydro-1-phenyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinolin-7-yl)acetamides by measuring left atrial stroke volume in preparations of isolated rabbit-heart. Several compounds were developed from, and showed favorable activities compared with the standard drug milrinone. Compound 5o was the most potent with an increased stroke volume of 9.