The alteration of mucosal bile acid profile is associated with nerve growth factor expression in mast cells and bowel symptoms in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome.

Mucosal bile acid (BA) profile is still unestablished in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). The aim of this study was to explore colonic mucosal BAs and their associations with mucosal mast cell (MMC)-derived nerve growth factor (NGF) and bowel symptoms in IBS-D. Colonic mucosal biopsies from 36 IBS-D patients and 35 healthy controls (HCs) were obtained for targeted BA profiling.

ZBTB20 mediates stress-induced visceral hypersensitivity via activating the NF-κB/transient receptor potential channel pathway.

Background: Psychological stress is a major trigger for visceral hypersensitivity (VH) in irritable bowel syndrome. The zinc finger protein ZBTB20 (ZBTB20) is implicated in somatic nociception via modulating transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, but its role in the development of VH is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of ZBTB20/TRP channel axis in stress-induced VH.

Mucosa-Associated Microbiota Dysbiosis in the Terminal Ileum Correlates With Bowel Symptoms in Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Introduction: The mucosa-associated microbiota (MAM) is not as frequently studied in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) compared with the fecal microbiota. In this study, we examined the MAM in the terminal ileum and its correlation with bowel symptoms in IBS-D.

Methods: Mucosal biopsies of the terminal ileum from 25 patients with IBS-D and 25 healthy controls were collected for 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.

Association of glycemic control with hypertension in patients with diabetes: a population-based longitudinal study.

Background: Diabetes increases the risk of hypertension morbidity, but whether this association is varied with glycemic control remains unknown. We aimed to examine the association of glycemic control with hypertension among individuals with diabetes.

Methods: Data was from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) between 2011 and 2018.

Predictors of referral behaviour and intention amongst physicians in a medical consortium based on the theory of planned behaviour: a cross-sectional study in China.

Introduction: To promote patients' referral across healthcare institutions and integrated care delivery, we identified predictors of physicians' behaviour and intention to refer patients in a county medical consortium in China on the basis of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB).

Methods: This census-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Yangxi Hospital Group (YHG). All physicians in county hospitals and township health centres were invited to participate.

Efficacy of endoscopic anterior fundoplication with a novel ultrasonic surgical endostapler for gastroesophageal reflux disease: Six-month results from a multicenter prospective trial.

Background And Objectives: Endoscopic therapy is an option for the treatment of refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of transoral incisionless fundoplication with the Medigus ultrasonic surgical endostapler (MUSE™) for refractory GERD.

Materials And Methods: Patients with 2 years of documented GERD symptoms and at least 6 months of proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) therapy were enrolled in four medical centers from March 2017 to March 2019.

Short-course antidepressant therapy reduces discontinuation syndrome while maintaining treatment efficacy in patients with refractory functional dyspepsia: A randomized controlled trial.

Background And Objective: Long-course (LC) antidepressants for the treatment of disorders of gut-brain interaction, such as refractory functional dyspepsia (rFD), pose patients at risk of antidepressant discontinuation syndrome (ADS). Short-course (SC) therapy of rapid-acting antidepressant may reduce discontinuation syndromes while maintaining efficacy for dyspeptic symptoms. However, the evidence-based research is lacking.

Chemical profile, anti-hepatoma activity, anti-acetylcholinesterase and antioxidant activity of aerial part of Debx.

Five extracts of the aerial parts of were obtained by different solvent extraction or macroporous adsorption resin purification: ethyl acetate layer extract (EAE), n-butanol layer extract (BuE), water layer extract (WE), extract eluted by 10% ethanol from macroporous resin (10%EE), extract eluted by 80% ethanol from macroporous resin (80%EE). Antioxidant activities of the five extracts were determined by ABTS, DPPH, FRAP assays, anti-AChE activities by modified Ellman's method, anti-hepatoma activities by CCK-8 assay, and chemical constituents of 80%EE were identified by UPLC-QE-Orbitrap-MS. The results demonstrated that the 80%EE showed the best anti-hepatoma activity on Huh-7 cell line with an of 103.

The Additional Medical Expenditure Caused by Depressive Symptoms among Middle-Aged and Elderly Patients with Chronic Lung Diseases in China.

Depression is one of the most common comorbidities in patients with chronic lung diseases (CLDs). Depressive symptoms have an obvious influence on the health function, treatment, and management of CLD patients. In order to investigate the additional medical expenditure caused by depressive symptoms among middle-aged and elderly patients with CLDs in China, and to estimate urban-rural differences in additional medical expenditure, our study used data from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) investigation.

Expression of TRP Channels in Colonic Mucosa of IBS-D Patients and Its Correlation with the Severity of the Disease.

Aim: Lots of researches have endeavored to elucidate the pathogenetic mechanism of visceral hypersensitivity in order to guide the therapy of diarrhea predominant-irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels and their role in visceral nociception have been vastly investigated. We investigated the expression of TRP channels in IBS-D colonic biopsies and its correlation with the severity of the disease.

Improving Clinician-Patient Communication Alleviates Stigma in Patients With Functional Dyspepsia Receiving Antidepressant Treatment.

Background/aims: Antidepressants are effective in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD). However, stigma associated with FD and antidepressants may affect treatment adherence. This study aims to explore possible communication strategies to alleviate stigma and improve adherence in patients with FD.

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis with abdominal pain and ascites: A case report.

Background: Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EGE) is a rare disease that presents many unspecific gastroenterological symptoms. The disease includes three types depending on the depth of eosinophil infiltration in the gastrointestinal tract. The serosal type is the most rare, presenting as ascites.

Chronic Jet Lag Exacerbates Jejunal and Colonic Microenvironment in Mice.

Background: Evidence suggests that circadian rhythm disorder is associated with a variety of gastrointestinal diseases, and the circadian rhythm plays a key role in maintaining the homeostasis of intestinal flora. The underlying mechanisms are still not completely identified. This study was aimed to explore whether jet lag-caused circadian disruption influences gut microbiome and its metabolites.

Antiemetics improve the tolerance of polyethylene glycol for colonoscopy preparation: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: Bowel preparation is essential to the success of colonoscopy. However, many patients cannot finish the preparation due to nausea and vomiting when taking polyethylene glycol (PEG). Dopamine-2 receptor antagonists, such as domperidone and sulpiride, are classical antiemetic drugs.

The impact of stigma on medication adherence in patients with functional dyspepsia.

Background: Psychological factors contribute to the pathogenesis of functional dyspepsia (FD). Antidepressant agents are beneficial in treatment of refractory FD. However, their efficacy is greatly hindered by the poor treatment adherence.

Daily Short Message Service Reminders Increase Treatment Compliance and Efficacy in Outpatients with Functional Dyspepsia: a Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Many outpatients with functional dyspepsia (FD) do not follow the medication schedule recommendations, which can lead to illness relapse.

Objective: To investigate whether short message service (SMS) reminders improve medication regimen adherence and therapeutic efficacy in outpatients with FD.

Design: Participants with FD were randomly allocated to the control group or intervention group.

Upregulation of Rab31 is associated with poor prognosis and promotes colorectal carcinoma proliferation via the mTOR/p70S6K/Cyclin D1 signalling pathway.

Aims: Rab31, a Rab5 subfamily member, has emerged as a modulator of membrane trafficking. Our study serves to clarify the role and mechanism of Rab31 in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) pathogenesis.

Materials And Methods: The differential expression of Rab31 was examined in paired normal and cancerous colonic tissues by quantitative PCR, western blot and immunochemistry.

Acute stress induces visceral hypersensitivity via glucocorticoid receptor-mediated membrane insertion of TRPM8: Involvement of a non-receptor tyrosine kinase Pyk2.

Background: Psychological stress is an important factor for the development and recurrence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The mechanisms underlying stress-induced visceral hypersensitivity (VH), a key pathophysiological component in IBS, are still incompletely understood. We aimed to test whether transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) participates in acute stress-induced VH.

Encapsulation and Release of Recognition Probes Based on a Rigid Three-Dimensional DNA "Nanosafe-box" for Construction of a Electrochemical Biosensor.

Herein a rigid three-dimensional (3D) DNA "nanosafe-box" (DNB) for encapsulation and release of a recognition probe (N) is designed to construct an electrochemical biosensor with the use of electroactive two-dimensional metal-organic framework (2D MOF) nanosheets as signal tags for ultrasensitive detection of mercury ion (Hg). Initially, N is locked in the 3D cavity of DNB by blocker DNA. After addition of target Hg, exonuclease III (Exo-III) digestion is initiated to the liberate DNA "key" (K); thereby, the free K triggers a strand displacement reaction for exposing the prelocked N to successfully ligate dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO)-tagged anchor via metal-catalyst-free click chemistry, in which amounts of 2D MOF nanosheets containing Co(II) as electron mediator are introduced accompanied by significant electrochemical response.

Interleukin-35 Regulates Immune Microenvironment of Autoimmune Hepatitis Through Inducing the Expansion of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells.

Interleukin-35 (IL-35) is a novel anti-inflammatory cytokine of IL12 cytokine family, however, the role of IL-35 in patients with AIH and its effect on myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) has not yet been analyzed. The expression of IL-35 subunits (p35 and EBI3) in liver tissues was quantified by immunochemistry and its correlation with clinical parameters was explored in patients with AIH. The expression of MDSCs and IL-35 receptor (gp130 and IL-12Rβ2) were analyzed using flow cytometry and confocal staining.

Vagal Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 Mediates Stress-exacerbated Visceral Mechanonociception After Antral Cold Exposure.

Background/aims: Abdominal pain can be evoked or exacerbated after gastrointestinal cold stimulation in some patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D), indicating a low temperature-induced sensitization of visceral perception. We investigated the role of vagal transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1, a cold-sensing ion channel) in cold-aggravated visceral mechanonociception in a stress-induced IBS animal model.

Methods: TTRPA1 expression was examined in antral biopsies of healthy controls and IBS-D patients.