Characterization of Microbial Community and Flavor Compounds in Traditional Fermented Using HTS and HS-SPME-GC-MS.

This study aim is to elucidate the relationship between the microbial community dynamics and the production of volatile flavor compounds during the fermentation process of bacterial-type i. Using high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and headspace solid-phase microextraction, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) was used to investigate microbial diversity and volatile compound profiles at different fermentation stages. Spearman correlation analysis was employed to identify potential associations between microbial genera and flavor compounds.

Elevating clean energy through sludge: A comprehensive study of hydrothermal carbonization and co-gasification technologies.

This study explores the recycling challenges of industrial sludge, owing to its non-recyclable properties and associated environmental problems. To promote sustainable energy utilization, a novel approach combining hydrothermal carbonization and co-gasification was employed to facilitate the conversion from waste to energy. The industrial sludge was pretreated in the batch-type hydrothermal treatment unit at 180-220 °C, followed by co-gasification.

The Relationship between Microbial Community Succession and Flavor Formation during the Natural Fermentation of Hongqu sufu.

To study the diversity of microbial flora in Hongqu sufu and analyze the characteristics of special flavor compounds, this study took self-made Hongqu sufu as the research object. Dynamic changes in sufu during fermentation were studied. High-throughput sequencing (HTS) was used to analyze changes in the diversity of fungal and bacterial communities during fermentation.

Three-Dimensional Mass Transfer Modeling of Hydroquinone Adsorption on Biochar.

In this work, the overall adsorption kinetic process of hydroquinone on biochar (PAC) was analyzed in depth. A 3D mass transfer model of pore volume and surface diffusion was established, and the diffusion mechanism was analyzed. The characterization results show PAC has a higher porosity value, which is conducive to the adsorption of hydroquinone.

Ultrasound-assisted extraction optimization of polyphenols from and evaluation of its antioxidant activity.

Introduction: mushrooms are widely consumed as a valuable medicinal and dietary ingredient in China, but the active ingredients of this mushroom and their extraction methods were not extensively studied.

Methods: In this paper, we propose an optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method to detect natural antioxidant substances in . The antioxidants were quantitatively and quantitatively determined using UPLC-MS, the polyphenols were evaluated based on response surface methodology (RSM), and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed.

Case report: Fatal cerebral herniation caused by hypoglycemic due to mistaking glibenclamide in children.

In recent years, the prevalence of diabetes in China has significantly increased, and glibenclamide is widely used as a basic hypoglycemic drug in China's primary clinical practice. There are many left-behind children in the grass-roots areas in China and various dangerous incidents of children taking drugs by mistake continue to occur. This article reports a case of cerebral edema and fatal cerebral hernia caused by hypoglycemia induced by mistakenly ingesting glibenclamide in a child.

Effects of microbial interspecies relationships and physicochemical parameters on volatile flavors in sorghum-based fermented grains during the fermentation of Shanxi light-flavored liquor.

In this study, high-throughput technology was used to reveal the core microbial community in sorghum-based fermented grains during different fermentation periods and to quantify the impacts of physicochemical parameters and microbial interspecies relationships on the volatile flavors. Headspace solid-phase microextraction, coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, was used to select 14 major volatile products with relative content greater than 1% in at least one sample, including three alcohols, one acid, eight esters, and two alkanes. The relative content of alkanes was only high on the first day and continued to decrease during the later fermentation stage.

GC-MS Analysis of the Essential Oil from H. Wolff (Apiaceae) Roots and Their Nematicidal Activity.

The essential oil (EO) was extracted from aerial parts with insecticidal and fungicidal activity. Herein, the hydro-distilled essential oils of H. Wolff roots were determined by GC-MS.

Assessing Nursery-Finishing Pig Manures on Growth of Black Soldier Fly Larvae.

Livestock manure is an important component of agricultural organic waste, and in recent years, with the development of research on the bioconversion of manure, BSFs have been proven to be useful in the treatment of a variety of livestock wastes. In-depth research on the composition of manure and its effect on the development of BSFL is, however, very scarce. The purpose of this study was to identify the parameters that influenced the growth of BSFL that was fed fattening pig manure.

Hypoglycemic Diterpenoids from the Roots of .

Fifteen compounds including nine new diterpenes were isolated from the roots of . By HRESIMS, NMR, ECD data, and X-ray diffraction analysis, the new compounds were characterized as eight -clerodane diterpenes (compounds -) and one 15,16-dinor--pimarane diterpene (). All diterpenes were assayed for their hypoglycemic activities.

Cofluctuation analysis reveals aberrant default mode network patterns in adolescents and youths with autism spectrum disorder.

Resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) approaches provide informative estimates of the functional architecture of the brain, and recently-proposed cofluctuation analysis temporally unwraps FC at every moment in time, providing refined information for quantifying brain dynamics. As a brain network disorder, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) was characterized by substantial alteration in FC, but the contribution of moment-to-moment-activity cofluctuations to the overall dysfunctional connectivity pattern in ASD remains poorly understood. Here, we used the cofluctuation approach to explore the underlying dynamic properties of FC in ASD, using a large multisite resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) dataset (ASD = 354, typically developing controls [TD] = 446).

Recovery of nitrogen and phosphorus from livestock slurry with treatment technologies: A meta-analysis.

The livestock industry has developed rapidly in recent decades, but the improper treatment of livestock manure, especially slurry, causes environmental pollution. Treatment technologies are considered to be effective in alleviating nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) losses from livestock slurry. Here, we used published research data to conduct a meta-analysis of the recovery efficiencies of N and P of five mainstream treatment technologies, including ammonia stripping, air scrubbing, membrane filtration, microalgae cultivation and struvite crystallization.

Tigliane Diterpenoids with Larvicidal, Antifungal, and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities from .

Thirty-five tigliane diterpenoids and two -kaurane diterpenoids were isolated from the leaves of , and, among them, compounds - were characterized as new tigliane diterpenoids. The structures of compounds - were determined by analysis of their HRESIMS, NMR, and ECD data and by chemical methods. The isolates were assayed for their larvicidal, antifungal, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities, and compounds - were found to possess larvicidal activities against with LC values of 0.

Viewpoint of a WHO Advisory Group Tasked to Consider Establishing a Closely-monitored Challenge Model of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Healthy Volunteers.

WHO convened an Advisory Group (AG) to consider the feasibility, potential value, and limitations of establishing a closely-monitored challenge model of experimental severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in healthy adult volunteers. The AG included experts in design, establishment, and performance of challenges. This report summarizes issues that render a COVID-19 model daunting to establish (the potential of SARS-CoV-2 to cause severe/fatal illness, its high transmissibility, and lack of a "rescue treatment" to prevent progression from mild/moderate to severe clinical illness) and it proffers prudent strategies for stepwise model development, challenge virus selection, guidelines for manufacturing challenge doses, and ways to contain SARS-CoV-2 and prevent transmission to household/community contacts.

Non-fragile synchronization of complex dynamical networks with hybrid delays and stochastic disturbance via sampled-data control.

This paper focuses on the global synchronization issue for a class of the complex dynamical networks (CDNs) with hybrid delays and stochastic disturbance. The hybrid delays consider two forms: discrete-time coupling delays and distributed coupling delays. The non-fragile sampled-data control protocol, which is allowed to norm-bounded uncertainty, is considered for the first time in this paper.

Helveticoside Exhibited p53-dependent Anticancer Activity Against Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Investigation into the anti-cancer activities of natural products and their derivatives represents an efficient approach to develop safe and effective chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of colorectal cancer. Helveticoside is a biologically active component of the seed extract of Descurainia sophia. This compound has been reported to regulate the genes related to cell proliferation and apoptosis in lung cancer cells, however its anticancer activity has not been fully explored yet.

LncRNA CR749391 acts as a tumor suppressor to upregulate KLF6 expression via interacting with miR-181a in gastric cancer.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are novel regulators for post-transcriptional gene expression, and altered lncRNAs function and expression are associated with tumorigenesis and cancer progression, although the biological functions of most lncRNAs in various cancer types and their underlying regulatory interactions have remained largely elusive. Our previous study identified microRNA (miR)-181a as a regulator of Kruppel-like factor 6 (KLF6). In the present study, a bioinformatical analysis was performed to identify the novel lncRNA CR749391 as a potential regulator of miR-181a that contains four putative binding sites.

Optimized preparation of Phragmites australis activated carbon using the Box-Behnken method and desirability function to remove hydroquinone.

In this study, preparation of Phragmites australis activated carbon (PAAC) was optimized and applied for the removal of hydroquinone from aqueous solution. The Box-Behnken surface design (3) was used to statistically visualize the interactions among microwave power (A), microwave radiation time (B) and the ingredient ratio (C) (HPO: P. australis powder, in g).

Application of Phragmites australis to remove phenol from aqueous solutions by chemical activation in batch and fixed-bed columns.

The ability of the agricultural residue of Phragmites australis to serve as an absorbent material used to remove phenol from aqueous solutions in batch and continuous fixed-bed columns was investigated. Prepared adsorbents were characterized by SEM, FTIR, and pHpzc methods. The equilibrium adsorption (qe) of phenol was increased from 9.

Preparation of Activated Carbon From Polygonum orientale Linn. to Remove the Phenol in Aqueous Solutions.

Phenol components are major industry contaminants of aquatic environment. Among all practical methods for removing phenol substances from polluted water, activated carbon absorption is the most effective way. Here, we have produced low-cost activated carbon using Polygonum orientale Linn, a wide spreading species with large biomass.

RNA interference (RNAi) mediated stable knockdown of protein casein kinase 2-alpha (CK2α) inhibits migration and invasion and enhances cisplatin-induced apoptosis in HEp-2 laryngeal carcinoma cells.

Laryngeal carcinoma is a common malignant neoplasm occurring in the head and neck, threatening human health. Protein casein kinase 2-alpha (CK2α) has been indicated to participate in the pathogenesis of this cancer; however, the underlying mechanisms still need to be elucidated. In this study, short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) technology was utilized to inhibit the CK2α expression in HEp-2 laryngeal carcinoma cells.

Influence of polygenetic polymorphisms on the susceptibility to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease of Chinese people.

Background And Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of polygenetic polymorphisms, which play a role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome, on the susceptibility to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) of Chinese people.

Methods: The subjects were selected from an epidemiological survey in the Guangdong province of southern China. In each polymorphism study, 50-117 subjects who met the diagnostic criteria of NAFLD and had typical clinical and ultrasonographic findings were placed into the case group.

A comparative light and electron microscopic analysis of microspore and tapetum development in fertile and cytoplasmic male sterile radish.

To gain further insight into the abortive stages and ultrastructural changes leading to pollen degeneration of a novel cytoplasmic male sterile radish 805A, we compared differences of cellular and subcellular structure of sterile anther with fertile anther by light and electron microscopy analysis. Two types of locule degeneration in sterile anther were detected, of which the time of degeneration occurred and completed was different. In type I, abnormality of pollen mother cells (PMCs) and tapetal cells, including condensation of cytoplasm and large vacuoles within tapetal cells, was shown at PMC stage.