Choroid plexus CCL2‒CCR2 signaling orchestrates macrophage recruitment and cerebrospinal fluid hypersecretion in hydrocephalus.

The choroid plexus (ChP) serves as the principal origin of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). CSF hypersecretion due to ChP inflammation has emerged as an important pathogenesis of hydrocephalus recently. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms of ChP inflammation and the ensuing CSF hypersecretion in hydrocephalus remain ill-defined.

The NLRP3 inhibitor, OLT1177 attenuates brain injury in experimental intracerebral hemorrhage.

Background And Purpose: It has been reported activation of NLRP3 inflammasome after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) ictus exacerbates neuroinflammation and brain injury. We hypothesized that inhibition of NLRP3 by OLT1177 (dapansutrile), a novel NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor, could reduce brain edema and attenuate brain injury in experimental ICH.

Methods: ICH was induced by injection of autologous blood into basal ganglia in mice models.

Integration of summary data from GWAS and eQTL studies identified novel causal BMD genes with functional predictions.

Purpose: Osteoporosis is a common global health problem characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and increased risk of fracture. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified >100 genetic loci associated with BMD. However, the functional genes responsible for most associations remain largely unknown.

A 3D-engineered porous conduit for peripheral nerve repair.

End-to-end neurorrhaphy is the most commonly used method for treating peripheral nerve injury. However, only 50% of patients can regain useful function after treating with neurorrhaphy. Here, we constructed a 3D-engineered porous conduit to promote the function recovery of the transected peripheral nerve after neurorrhaphy.