Improving central venous catheter care with chlorhexidine gluconate dressings: evidence from a systematic review and Meta-analysis.

Background: The prevention of catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI) is a critical priority in the clinical management of central venous catheters (CVCs). This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the efficacy of chlorhexidine gluconate antibacterial dressings in the context of CVC care.

Methods: A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase et al.

Comparison of the electrophysiological and immunohistochemical properties of acutely dissociated and 1-day cultured rat trigeminal ganglion neurons.

To clarify whether changes to the cellular properties of sensory neurons occur after a brief culture, we compared the electrophysiological and immunohistochemical properties of rat trigeminal ganglion neurons. We compared these neurons after acute dissociation and after a 1-day culture under serum-free and neurotrophin-free conditions. In whole-cell patch-clamp recordings, the 1-day cultured neurons required a lower current threshold to induce an action potential in both small- and medium-sized neurons.

Capacitance increases of dissociated tilapia prolactin cells in response to hyposmotic and depolarizing stimuli.

Prolactin (PRL) is the major hormonal mediator of adaptation to hyposmotic conditions. In tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus), PRL cells are segregated to the rostral pars distalis of the anterior pituitary facilitating the nearly pure culture of dissociated PRL cells. Membrane capacitance (C(m)) was recorded at 1Hz or higher for tens of minutes as a surrogate monitor of PRL secretion by exocytosis from cells under perforated patch clamp.

Seizure-like thalamocortical rhythms initiate in the deep layers of the cortex in a co-culture model.

The oscillatory rhythms underlying many physiological and pathological states, including absence seizures, require both the thalamus and cortices for full expression. A co-culture preparation combining cortical and thalamic explants provides a unique model for investigating how such oscillations initiate and spread. Here we investigated the dynamics of synchronized thalamocortical activity by simultaneous measurement of field-potential recordings and rapid imaging of Ca(2+) transients by fluorescence methods.

Isolectin B₄binding in populations of rat trigeminal ganglion cells.

We have recently classified dissociated trigeminal ganglion cells into nine types using electrophysiological current signatures. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between isolectin B(4) (IB(4)) binding and the cell types in rat trigeminal ganglion cells. We found that IB(4) was bound to all type 2 cells and more than 70% of cell types 1 and 13; however, it was bound to less than 20% of cell types 7 and 8 and did not bind at all to cell types 3-5 and 9.

Electrophysiological and chemical properties in subclassified acutely dissociated cells of rat trigeminal ganglion by current signatures.

In the present study, we subclassified acutely dissociated trigeminal ganglion (TRG) cells of rats using a current signature method in whole cell patch-clamp recordings. Using modified criteria for cell classification for the dorsal root ganglion (DRG), TRG cells were subclassified into nine cell types: 1-5, 7-9, and 13. Types 1, 3, and 7 were in the small cell groups (15-24 μm); types 4, 5, and 8-13 were in the medium cell groups (25-38 μm); and type 2 was a mixed group of both cell sizes.

17beta-estradiol activates estrogen receptor beta-signalling and inhibits transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor 1 activation by capsaicin in adult rat nociceptor neurons.

There is mounting evidence that estrogens act directly on the nervous system to affect the severity of pain. Estrogen receptors (ERs) are expressed by sensory neurons, and in trigeminal ganglia, 17beta-estradiol can indirectly enhance nociception by stimulating expression and release of prolactin, which increases phosphorylation of the nociceptor transducer transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor 1 (TRPV1). Here, we show that 17beta-estradiol acts directly on dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory neurons to reduce TRPV1 activation by capsaicin.

Spontaneous release from mossy fiber terminals inhibits Ni2+-sensitive T-type Ca2+ channels of CA3 pyramidal neurons in the rat organotypic hippocampal slice.

Mossy fibers (axons arising from dentate granule cells) form large synaptic contacts exclusively onto the proximal apical dendrites of CA3 pyramidal neurons. They can generate large synaptic currents that occur in close proximity to the soma. These properties mean that active conductance in the proximal apical dendrite could have a disproportionate influence on CA3 pyramidal neuron excitability.

Voltage-gated currents of tilapia prolactin cells.

The first recordings of neuron-like electrical activity from endocrine cells were made from fish pituitary cells. However, patch-clamping studies have predominantly utilized mammalian preparations. This study used whole-cell patch-clamping to characterize voltage-gated ionic currents of anterior pituitary cells of Oreochromis mossambicus in primary culture.

Noncholinergic actions of atropine on GABAergic synaptic transmission in the subfornical organ of rat slice preparations.

Actions of atropine on GABAergic inhibitory postsynaptic currents to neurons in the subfornical organ, which is a circumventricular organ, were studied by using rat slice preparations with whole-cell clamp recordings. Atropine at 0.01-1 microM antagonized the decreased frequency of Inhibitory postsynaptic currents by carbachol (Xu et al.