Light-emitting probes for in situ sensing of plant information.

Monitoring plant physiological information for gaining a comprehensive understanding of plant growth and stress responses contributes to safeguarding plant health. Light-emitting probes - in terms of small-molecule, nanomaterials-based, and genetically protein-based probes - can be introduced into plants through foliar and root treatment or genetic transformation. These probes offer exciting opportunities for sensitive and in situ monitoring of dynamic plant chemical information - for example, reactive oxygen species (ROS), calcium ions, phytohormones - with spatiotemporal resolution.

Second near-infrared fluorescent Metal-Organic framework sensors for in vivo extracellular adenosine triphosphate monitoring.

Plant nanobionic sensors enable real-time monitoring of signaling molecules in plants by interfacing them with specifically designed nanoprobes, which have been acknowledged as species-independent analytical tools. In this study, we developed a plant nanobionic sensor for in vivo detection of extracellular adenosine triphosphate (eATP) in living plants by designing a novel second near-infrared (NIR-II) fluorescent metal-organic framework (MOF) nanoprobe. The NIR-II fluorescent nanoprobe (IR-1061 micelle@ZIF-90) with a sandwich structure was synthesized by successive encapsulation of the hydrophobic NIR-II dye IR-1061 with the amphipathic polymer DSPE-mPEG 2000 and MOF ZIF-90.

Self-Illuminating NIR-II Chemiluminescence Nanosensor for In Vivo Tracking H O Fluctuation.

Chemiluminescence (CL) imaging, as an excitation-free technique, exhibits a markedly improved signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) owing to the absence of an excitation light source and autofluorescence interference. However, conventional chemiluminescence imaging generally focuses on the visible and first near-infrared (NIR-I) regions, which hinders high-performance biological imaging due to strong tissue scattering and absorption. To address the issue, self-luminescent NIR-II CL nanoprobes with a second near-infrared (NIR-II) luminescence in the presence of hydrogen peroxide are rationally designed.