Design, synthesis, and anti-oomycete activity of 3-acyloxymaltol/ethyl maltol derivatives.

Twenty 3-acyloxymaltol/ethyl maltol derivatives ( and ) were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-oomycete activity against , respectively. Among all of twenty derivatives, more than half of the compounds , , and had anti-oomycete activity higher than the positive control zoxamide (EC = 22.23 mg/L), and the EC values of 18.

Synthesis of novel 3/5(3,5)-(di)nitropaeonol hydrazone derivatives as nematicidal agents.

Eighteen novel 3/5(3,5)-(di)nitropaeonol hydrazone derivatives were prepared, and their structures well characterized by H NMR, HRMS, and mp. Due to the steric hindrance, the substituents on the C = N double bond of all hydrazine compounds (except  = 4/1 for , , , and  = 3/2 for , ) adopted configuration. Among all compounds, four compounds , , , and exhibited potent nematicidal activity than their precursor paeonol, especially 5-nitropaeonol () and 3,5-dinitropaeonol () displayed the most potent nematicidal activity with LC values of 32.

Synthesis of sulfonate derivatives of carvacrol and thymol as anti-oomycetes agents.

Two series of sulfonate derivatives of carvacrol and thymol were synthesized and screened for their anti-oomycete activity against , respectively. Among all of 32 derivatives, five compounds , , , and exhibited more potent anti-oomycete activity against with EC values of 66.66, 62.

Synthesis of novel 9-acyloxy derivatives of cinchonidine and cinchonine as insecticidal agents.

Endeavor to discover biorational natural products-based insecticides, two series (27) of novel 9-acyloxy derivatives of cinchonidine and cinchonine were prepared and assessed for their insecticidal activity against by the leaf-dipping method at 1 mg/mL. Among all the compounds, especially derivatives and exhibited the best insecticidal activity with final mortality rates of 75.0% and 71.

Synthesis, anti-oomycete activity, and SAR studies of paeonol derivatives.

Three series of sulfonate derivatives of paeonol were synthesized and screened for their anti-oomycete activity against , respectively. Among all the compounds, displayed the best promising and pronounced anti-oomycete activity against than zoxamide, with the EC values of 24.51 and 26.

Combinatorial Synthesis of A Series of Paeonol-based Phenylsulfonyl hydrazone Derivatives as Insecticidal Agents.

Background: Plant secondary metabolites play an essential role in the discovery of novel insecticide due to their unique sources and potential target sites. Paeonol, the main phenolic components in Moutan Cortex, is recognized as a safe and potent botanical insecticide to many insects. The structural modification of paeonol in this study into phenylsulfonylhydrazone derivatives is proved an effective approach for the development of novel insecticides, those derivatives being more toxic than paeonol.

Controlled synthesis of , -dimethylarylsulfonamide derivatives as nematicidal agents.

Gramine can be intelligently and efficiently supplied with , -dimethylamino group and then reacted with the corresponding sulfonyl chlorides to synthesize , -dimethylarylsulfonamides. We herein designed and controlled synthesis of , -dimethylarylsulfonamide derivatives, and first reported the results of the nematicidal activity of 15 title compounds against , respectively. Among all of the title derivatives, compounds , , , and exhibited potent nematicidal activity with median lethal concentration (LC) values ranging from 0.

Synthesis and insecticidal activity of sulfonate derivatives of sesamol against .

A series of sulfonate derivatives of sesamol were synthesized and evaluated for their insecticidal activity against a crop-threatening agricultural pest, the pre-third-instar larvae of . Among all the target compounds, compounds , , and exhibited more promising insecticidal activity than sesamol and toosendanin, and the final mortality rates (FMRs) of , , , , and toosendanin were 60.7%/60.

Synthesis of sulfonate derivatives of maltol and their biological activity against and .

Sixteen sulfonate derivatives of maltol were synthesized and screened for their anti-oomycete and nematicidal activity against and , respectively. Among all the compounds, , , and exhibited the most promising and pronounced anti-oomycete activity against than zoxamide, and the EC values of 25.42, 18.

Stereoselective synthesis of 4β-acyloxypodophyllotoxin derivatives as insecticidal agents.

As our ongoing work on research of natural-product-based insecticidal agents, some 4α/β-acyloxypodophyllotoxin derivatives were synthesized, and were evaluated against the pre-third-instar larvae of , and at the concentration of 1 mg ml, respectively. Among all derivatives, compounds , and , showed more promising insecticidal activities than their precursors - podophyllotoxin and epipodophyllotoxin. Furthermore, derivatives , and , exhibited more relative amicable activities than their precursors - podophyllotoxin and epipodophyllotoxin.

Krüppel-like factor 17 inhibits urokinase plasminogen activator gene expression to suppress cell invasion through the Src/p38/ MAPK signaling pathway in human lung adenocarcionma.

Krüppel-like factor 17 (KLF17) has been reported to be involved in invasion and metastasis suppression in lung cancer, but the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-invasion and anti-metastasis roles of KLF17 in lung cancer are not fully illustrated. Here, we showed that KLF17 inhibited the invasion of A549 and H322 cells; the anti-invasion effect of KLF17 was associated with the suppression of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA/PLAU) expression. KLF17 can bind with the promoter of uPA and inhibit its expression.

Leukemia inhibitory factor in the neuroimmune communication pathways in allergic asthma.

In the pathogenesis of asthma, central sensitization is suggested to be an important neural mechanism, and neurotrophins and cytokines are likely to be the major mediators in the neuroimmune communication pathways of asthma. However, their impact on the central nervous system in allergic asthma remains unclear. We hypothesize that central neurogenic inflammation develops in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma, and nerve growth factor (NGF) and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) are important mediators in its development.

[The prevalence and risk factors of bronchiectasis in residents aged 40 years old and above in seven cities in China].

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of bronchiectasis in urban city of China.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 17 urban areas in Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Chongqing cities, and Guangdong, Liaoning, Shanxi provinces. In this study, urban population-based cluster samples were randomly selected from each city/province.

Functional analysis of the β2 -tubulin gene of Fusarium graminearum and the β-tubulin gene of Botrytis cinerea by homologous replacement.

Background: Resistance to carbendazim and other benzimidazole fungicides in Botrytis cinerea and most other fungi is usually conferred by one or several allelic mutations in the β-tubulin. Carbendazim resistance in Fusarium graminearum, however, differs from that in B. cinerea and other fungi in that F.

Asymptomatic patients of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in China.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has a variable natural history and not all individuals follow the same course. This study aimed to identify the prevalence and characteristics of asymptomatic COPD patients from a population-based survey in China.

Methods: A multistage cluster sampling strategy was used in a population from seven different provinces/cities.

Transfer of the beta-tubulin gene of Botrytis cinerea with resistance to carbendazim into Fusarium graminearum.

Background: Resistance to carbendazim and other benzimidazole fungicides in Botrytis cinerea (Pers. ex Fr.) and most other fungi is usually conferred by mutation(s) in a single chromosomal beta-tubulin gene, often with several allelic mutations.

[Current status of prevention and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in rural area in China].

Objective: To investigate the current status of prevalence, prevention and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in rural area in China.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey of COPD was conducted in Beijing city, Shanghai city, Guangdong province, Liaoning province, Tianjin city, Chongqing province and Shanxi province. A population-based cluster sample was randomly selected from each rural area.

[The quality of life of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and correlated factors].

Objective: To evaluate the quality of life (QOL) of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and correlated factors.

Methods: Data of 20 245 patients with COPD were collected from the cross-sectional survey of COPD, which was conducted between 2002 and 2004 in urban and rural areas of Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, Liaoning, Tianjin, Chongqing and Shanxi for residents aged over 40 years old. The recruited populations were interviewed with questionnaire and tested for spirometry.

[The risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in females in Chinese rural areas].

Objective: To explore the risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in females in Chinese rural areas.

Methods: Based on a national multi-center, population-based and cross-sectional survey on prevalence of COPD in seven provinces/cities of China, an analysis on the risk factors for the rural females was conducted in six areas, e.g.

[A study on the correlation of body mass index with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and quality of life].

Objective: To investigate the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), based on a cross-sectional COPD survey conducted in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, Liaoning, Tianjin, Chongqing and Shaanxi of China between 2002-2004.

Methods: A multi-stage stratification cluster sampling strategy was used in this cross-sectional survey, and 20,245 subjects (8705 males and 11,540 females) aged 40 years or older were recruited, interviewed with a questionnaire, measured for height and weight, and tested with spirometry. 1668 subjects with post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC less than 70% were identified as having COPD after other known causes of airflow limitation were excluded.

[A study on the methodology regarding the prevalence survey of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in China].

Objective: To explore the methodology on prevalence study of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in line with the world, to obtain accurate epidemic data of COPD in China.

Methods: A national multi-center cross-sectional survey on prevalence, risk factors and burden of COPD was conducted in China. In each area, a population-based cluster sample of approximately 1450 individuals aged 40 years or older was interviewed, using standardized questionnaires that were revised on the methodology of burden of lung diseases (BOLD) study and according under the context of China.

[Theophylline in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study].

Objective: To observe the benefits and safety of low-dose, slow-release oral theophylline for long-term treatment of stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods: This was a randomized, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Slow-release theophylline (200 mg/d) twice daily or placebo (matching theophylline) was randomly given to 110 patients with stable COPD in the rural area of Shaoguan, Guangdong Province, for one year.

Caffeic acid phenethyl ester ameliorates cerebral infarction in rats subjected to focal cerebral ischemia.

The effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), an antioxidant derived from propolis, on the infarct volume elicited by focal cerebral ischemia were studied on Long-Evans rats. Cerebral infarction was induced by microsurgical procedures with ligation of the right middle cerebral artery (MCA) and clipping of bilateral common carotid arteries (CCA) for 60 min. The rats were sacrificed 24 h later and serial brain slices of 2 mm thickness were taken and stained for the measurement of infarct area.

Antiarrhythmic effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats.

Objectives: The present study was designed to determine the antiarrhythmic effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), an active component of propolis, which exhibits antioxidant properties, in rats subjected to myocardial ischemia and ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury.

Design And Methods: Rats were subjected to 30 min coronary artery occlusion for evaluating the effect of CAPE on the myocardial ischemia injury. While in the myocardial I/R injury study, the coronary artery was ligated for a 5-min period of ischemia followed by a 30-min period of reperfusion.

[Epidemiologic analysis of COPD in Guangdong province].

Objective: To survey the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in urban and rural areas in Guangdong Province and relevant risk factors.

Methods: Using the same protocol including Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) questionnaire, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 3449 respondents, 1370 males and 1916 females, aged over 40 with an average age of 56.8, by random disproportional cluster sampling in Liwang District of Guangzhou City and Yunyan Town, Lechang City, northern Guangdong Province.