Blue-shifted genetically encoded Ca indicator with enhanced two-photon absorption.

Significance: Genetically encoded calcium ion () indicators (GECIs) are powerful tools for monitoring intracellular concentration changes in living cells and model organisms. In particular, GECIs have found particular utility for monitoring the transient increase of concentration that is associated with the neuronal action potential. However, the palette of highly optimized GECIs for imaging of neuronal activity remains relatively limited.

A blue-shifted genetically encoded Ca indicator with enhanced two-photon absorption.

Significance: Genetically encoded calcium ion (Ca) indicators (GECIs) are powerful tools for monitoring intracellular Ca concentration changes in living cells and model organisms. In particular, GECIs have found particular utility for monitoring the transient increase of Ca concentration that is associated with the neuronal action potential. However, the palette of highly optimized GECIs for imaging of neuronal activity remains relatively limited.

Biosensor Optimization Using a Förster Resonance Energy Transfer Pair Based on mScarlet Red Fluorescent Protein and an mScarlet-Derived Green Fluorescent Protein.

Genetically encoded biosensors based on Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) are indispensable tools for monitoring biochemical changes in cells. Green and red fluorescent protein-based FRET pairs offer advantages over the classically employed cyan and yellow fluorescent protein pairs, such as better spectral separation, lower phototoxicity, and less autofluorescence. Here, we describe the development of an mScarlet-derived green fluorescent protein (designated as mWatermelon) and its use as a FRET donor to the red fluorescent protein mScarlet-I as a FRET acceptor.

Complete genome sequence of piezotolerant Stutzerimonas kunmingensis 7850S isolated from the sediment of the Mariana Trench.

Stutzerimonas kunmingensis 7850S is a piezotolerant bacterium isolated from the sediment of the Mariana trench. Here, we described the complete genome of strain 7850S, which contains a single circular chromosome of 4,775,870 base pairs with 62.66% G + C content, and harbors 4494 protein-coding genes, 65 transfer RNA genes, and 12 ribosomal RNA genes.

The Effectiveness of Teacher Support for Students' Learning of Artificial Intelligence Popular Science Activities.

The burgeoning of new technologies is increasingly affecting people's lives. One new technology that is heatedly discussed is artificial intelligence (AI) in education. To allow students to understand the impact of emerging technologies on people's future lives from a young age, some popular science activities are being progressively introduced into elementary school curricula.

Fluorescent Indicators For Biological Imaging of Monatomic Ions.

Monatomic ions play critical biological roles including maintaining the cellular osmotic pressure, transmitting signals, and catalyzing redox reactions as cofactors in enzymes. The ability to visualize monatomic ion concentration, and dynamic changes in the concentration, is essential to understanding their many biological functions. A growing number of genetically encodable and synthetic indicators enable the visualization and detection of monatomic ions in biological systems.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Applying data mining techniques to explore user behaviors and watching video patterns in converged IT environments.

Comfortable leisure and entertainment is expected through multimedia. Web multimedia systems provide diversified multimedia interactions, for example, sharing knowledge, experience and information, and establishing common watching habits. People use information technology (IT) systems to watch multimedia videos and to perform interactive functions.

Genetically encoded fluorescent indicators for imaging intracellular potassium ion concentration.

Potassium ion (K) homeostasis and dynamics play critical roles in biological activities. Here we describe three genetically encoded K indicators. KIRIN1 (potassium (K) ion ratiometric indicator) and KIRIN1-GR are Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based indicators with a bacterial K binding protein (Kbp) inserting between the fluorescent protein FRET pairs mCerulean3/cp173Venus and Clover/mRuby2, respectively.

Monomerization of far-red fluorescent proteins.

-class red fluorescent proteins (RFPs) are frequently used as biological markers, with far-red (λ ∼ 600-700 nm) emitting variants sought for whole-animal imaging because biological tissues are more permeable to light in this range. A barrier to the use of naturally occurring RFP variants as molecular markers is that all are tetrameric, which is not ideal for cell biological applications. Efforts to engineer monomeric RFPs have typically produced dimmer and blue-shifted variants because the chromophore is sensitive to small structural perturbations.

Pyranopterin Coordination Controls Molybdenum Electrochemistry in Escherichia coli Nitrate Reductase.

We test the hypothesis that pyranopterin (PPT) coordination plays a critical role in defining molybdenum active site redox chemistry and reactivity in the mononuclear molybdoenzymes. The molybdenum atom of Escherichia coli nitrate reductase A (NarGHI) is coordinated by two PPT-dithiolene chelates that are defined as proximal and distal based on their proximity to a [4Fe-4S] cluster known as FS0. We examined variants of two sets of residues involved in PPT coordination: (i) those interacting directly or indirectly with the pyran oxygen of the bicyclic distal PPT (NarG-Ser(719), NarG-His(1163), and NarG-His(1184)); and (ii) those involved in bridging the two PPTs and stabilizing the oxidation state of the proximal PPT (NarG-His(1092) and NarG-His(1098)).