Targeting cytohesin-1 suppresses acute myeloid leukemia progression and overcomes resistance to ABT-199.

Adhesion molecules play essential roles in the homeostatic regulation and malignant transformation of hematopoietic cells. The dysregulated expression of adhesion molecules in leukemic cells accelerates disease progression and the development of drug resistance. Thus, targeting adhesion molecules represents an attractive anti-leukemic therapeutic strategy.

Proteomic characteristics of saliva in patients with different subgroups of IgG4-RD.

Background: Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a newly defined disease entity, with great heterogeneity among IgG4-RD subgroups with different organ involvement patterns. Identification of the proteomic characteristics of IgG4-RD subgroups will be critical for the understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of IgG4-RD.

Method: In this study, we performed proteomic analysis using Tandem Mass Tags (TMT) technology with "high field" mass analyzer with improved resolution and sequencing speed to investigate the proteomic profile of saliva and plasma samples from ten untreated IgG4-RD patients and five healthy controls (HCs).

Multiple Processes May Involve in the IgG4-RD Pathogenesis: An Integrative Study via Proteomic and Transcriptomic Analysis.

Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a newly defined disease entity, while the exact pathogenesis is still not clear. Identifying the characters of IgG4-RD in proteomic and transcriptomic aspects will be critical to investigate the potential pathogenic mechanisms of IgG4-RD. We performed proteomic analysis realized with iTRAQ technique for serum samples from eight treatment-naive IgG4-RD patients and eight healthy volunteers, and tissue samples from two IgG4-RD patients and two non-IgG4-RD patients.

The expression and regulation of HOX genes and membrane proteins among different cytogenetic groups of acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: The cytogenetic aberrations were considered as markers for diagnosis and prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), while the expression and regulation under different cytogenetic groups remain to be fully elucidated.

Methods: In this paper, for favorable, poor, and cytogenetically normal groups of AML patients, we performed comprehensive bioinformatics analyses including identifying differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) among them, functional enrichment and regulatory networks.

Results: We found that DEGs were enriched in membrane-related processes.

A 6-Membrane Protein Gene score for prognostic prediction of cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia in multiple cohorts.

Cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia (CN-AML) is a large proportion of AMLs with diverse prognostic outcomes. Identifying membrane protein genes as prognostic factors to stratify CN-AML patients will be critical to improve their outcomes. This study aims to identify prognostic factors to stratify CN-AML patients to choose better treatments and improve their outcomes.

Landscape of cancer diagnostic biomarkers from specifically expressed genes.

Although there has been great progress in cancer treatment, cancer remains a serious health threat to humans because of the lack of biomarkers for diagnosis, especially for early-stage diagnosis. In this study, we comprehensively surveyed the specifically expressed genes (SEGs) using the SEGtool based on the big data of gene expression from the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) projects. In 15 solid tumors, we identified 233 cancer-specific SEGs (cSEGs), which were specifically expressed in only one cancer and showed great potential to be diagnostic biomarkers.

Identification of STAB1 in Multiple Datasets as a Prognostic Factor for Cytogenetically Normal AML: Mechanism and Drug Indications.

Cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia (CN-AML) presents with diverse outcomes in different patients and is categorized as an intermediate prognosis group. It is important to identify prognostic factors for CN-AML risk stratification. In this study, using the TCGA CN-AML dataset, we found that the scavenger receptor stabilin-1 (STAB1) is a prognostic factor for poor outcomes and validated it in three other independent CN-AML datasets.

Enhanced Response of Acute Monocytic Leukemia Cells to Low-dose Cytarabine by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3.

Low-dose cytarabine combined with differentiating or DNA hypomethylating agents, such as vitamin D compounds, is a potential regimen to treat acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients who are unfit for high-intensity chemotherapy. The present study aimed to determine which subset of AML would be most responsive to low-dose cytarabine with the differentiating agent 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-D3). Here, firstly, cBioPortal database was used and we found out that vitamin D receptor (VDR) was highly expressed in acute monocytic leukemia (M5) and high VDR expression was associated with a poor survival of AML patients.

Gene expression, regulation of DEN and HBx induced HCC mice models and comparisons of tumor, para-tumor and normal tissues.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading cause of cancer mortality. Chemical and virus induction are two major risk factors, however, the potential molecular mechanisms of their differences remain elusive. In this study, to identify the similarities and differences between chemical and virus induced HCC models, we compared the gene expression profiles between DEN and HBx mice models, as well as the differences among tumor, para-tumor and normal tissues.

SEGtool: a specifically expressed gene detection tool and applications in human tissue and single-cell sequencing data.

Different tissues and diseases have distinct transcriptional profilings with specifically expressed genes (SEGs). So, the identification of SEGs is an important issue in the studies of gene function, biological development, disease mechanism and biomarker discovery. However, few accurate and easy-to-use tools are available for RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data to detect SEGs.

Interferon-γ alters the immune-related miRNA expression of microvesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells.

Increasing studies have demonstrated that interferon gamma (IFN-γ), which serves as a critical inflammatory cytokine, is essential to induce the immunosuppressive effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, the mechanisms underlying the enhanced immunosuppressive effects of IFN-γ-stimulated MSCs (γMSCs) are not fully understood. MSC-derived microvesicles (MSC-MVs) have been viewed as potential pivotal mediators of the immunosuppressive effects of MSCs.