Stilbene-enriched extract from the leaves of Cajanus cajan attenuates psoriasis in imiquimod-induced psoriatic mice by targeting aryl hydrocarbon receptor and chemokines.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The leaves of Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp., an Asian traditional folkloric medicine, have been used to treat inflammatory conditions since ancient times.

New stilbenes from Cajanus cajan inhibit adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes through down-regulation of PPARγ.

Two new stilbenes, denominated Cajanotone B (CAB) and Cajanotone C (CAC), were isolated from the leaves of Cajanus cajan. In this study, the structures of CAB and CAC were unambiguously elucidated by a combination of various spectral methods. Both compounds significantly inhibited the adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by reducing the lipid accumulation, triglyceride content and FFA secretion.

Xanthine oxidase inhibitory constituents from the roots of .

Bioassay-guided purification of the xanthine oxidase (XOD) inhibitory extract of the roots of resulted in the isolation of two new triterpenoids (), designated Ampejaponoside A and B, along with sixteen known compounds (). The structures of Ampejaposide A and B were elucidated by comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic data with the structures of the known compounds confirmed by comparison the spectral data with corresponding values reported in literatures. All the isolates were evaluated for their XOD inhibitory activity .

Longistylin A from Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. disturbs glycerophospholipid metabolism and cytokinin biosynthesis of Nocardia seriolae.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Nocardiosis is an uncommon infectious disease that bears certain similarities to tuberculosis, with a continuous increase in its incidence and a poor prognosis. In traditional Chinese medicine, the leaves of Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.

Four new isocoumarins from .

Four novel new isocoumarins, cajanolactone B, C, D1 and D2 (1-4), were isolated from ethanolic extracts of the leaves of . The structural elucidation has been completed mainly depending on extensive spectroscopic analysis including UV, IR, NMR (1D and 2D), HRESIMS and chiral analysis. Notably, all these new isocoumarins were found to exist in racemic forms, among which compounds 3 and 4 share the same planar structure.

Three new anti-inflammatory stilbenoids and a diphenyl ether derivative from .

Three new stilbenoids, namely two rare plant-derived phenanthrenes denominated Cajananthrenes A and B (, ) and one bibenzyl named Cajanbenzyl (), together with a diphenyl ether derivative designated Cajanether (), as well as five other known compounds (-) were isolated from the ethanolic extract of the leaves of . Their structures were determined through extensive spectroscopic analysis including UV, IR, NMR (1D and 2D) and HRESIMS as well. A plausible biogenesis pathway was proposed for the biosynthesis of compounds -.

Dietary γ-mangostin triggers immunogenic cell death and activates cGAS signaling in acute myeloid leukemia.

Immunogenic cell death (ICD), one of cell-death types through release of damage-associated molecular patterns from dying tumor cells, activates tumor-specific immune response and elicits anti-tumor immunity by traditional radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, whether natural products could induce ICD in leukemia is not elucidated. Here, we report dietary γ-mangostin eradicates murine primary leukemic cells and prolongs the survival of leukemic mice.

Pinostrobin from plants and propolis against human coronavirus HCoV-OC43 by modulating host AHR/CYP1A1 pathway and lipid metabolism.

Coronaviruses, as enveloped positive-strand RNA viruses, manipulate host lipid compositions to enable robust viral replication. Temporal modulation of the host lipid metabolism is a potential novel strategy against coronaviruses. Here, the dihydroxyflavone pinostrobin (PSB) was identified through bioassay that inhibited the increment of human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43) in human ileocecal colorectal adenocarcinoma cells.

Inhibitory Mechanism of Pinosylvin Monomethyl Ether against .

Control of is beneficial for the agricultural economy and food safety. Stilbenes exhibit antifungal properties through an unknown mechanism. Here, six stilbenes isolated from were screened for anti- activity.

Multi-target mechanisms against coronaviruses of constituents from Chinese Dagang Tea revealed by experimental and docking studies.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The leaves of Eurya chinensis（Chinese Dagang Tea）have been consumed as herbal tea for centuries in Guangdong, China, and have also been used to prevent influenza and treat colds and fevers in traditional Chinese medicine. However, there are no reports on the chemical profile and efficacy of its leaves for the treatment of fever and viral infections.

Materials And Methods: The chemical constituents of Eurya chinensis leaves were isolated and identified by phytochemical study and spectroscopic data, E.

Thujasutchins N and O, two new compounds from the stems and roots of .

Two novel secondary metabolites, including one thujopsene-type sesquiterpene designated thujasutchin N () and one norlignan named thujasutchin O () were obtained from the ethanolic extract of the stems and roots of . Among them, thujasutchin O () represents the first example of lignan sharing a unique carbon-reduced skeleton with novel acetal functionality. Their structures were unambiguously determined by means of extensively spectroscopic analysis including UV, IR, HRESIMS, NMR, and single crystal X-ray diffraction.

Antibacterial sesquiterpenes from the stems and roots of Thuja sutchuenensis.

Eight new sesquiterpenes with diverse skeletons involving four cuparenes, denominated thujasutchins F-I (1-4), one eudesmane and one cedrol, named thujasutchin J (5) and thujasutchin K (6), as well as two thujopsenes thujasutchins L-M (7-8) together with three known congener compounds (9-11) were isolated from EtOAc soluble fraction of ethanolic extract of the stems and roots of Thuja sutchuenensis. Their structures including absolute configurations were unambiguously established by extensive interpretation of the NMR and mass spectroscopic data, X-ray diffractions, and ECD measurements powered by molecular calculations. The biological assays disclosed that 5 and 9 displayed potent inhibitory effect against Staphylococcus.

Three new pterocarpans from the aerial parts of .

Three new pterocarpans, named abrusprecatins A-C (), along with three known ones, namely medicarpin (), maackiain (), and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-8,9-methylenedioxypterocarpan () were isolated from the aerial parts of . The structures of these compounds were established by extensive analysis of mass spectrometric data, 1 D and 2 D NMR spectroscopic data. In addition, the absolute configurations were determined by a combination of single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and circular dichroism spectroscopy.

Callistemonols A and B, Potent Antimicrobial Acylphloroglucinol Derivatives with Unusual Carbon Skeletons from .

A phytochemical investigation on the leaves of resulted in the isolation of two unusual compounds, callistemonols A () and B (). Callistemonol A () possesses a novel skeleton of a furan ring fusing both an α,β-triketone and a phloroglucinol unit, while callistemonol B () is an acylphloroglucinol derivative featuring two methyl substituents on a five-membered ring and an isovaleryl side chain. Their structures were fully characterized on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR parameters, as well as the IR and HRESIMS data.

Prenylated stilbenes and flavonoids from the leaves of Cajanus cajan.

Three new prenylated stilbenes, named as cajanusins A-C (1-3), and one new natural product cajanusin D (4), along with six known derivatives (5-10) were isolated from the leaves of Cajanus cajan. Their structures were fully elucidated by means of extensive spectroscopic methods and comparison with data in the reported literatures. The new compounds of 1 and 2 were evaluated for in vitro cytotoxic activities against a panel of human cancer cell lines.

Chemical constituents of the trunks and roots of Thuja sutchuenensis.

Five new compounds including two stilbenes, designated thujasutchins A (1) and B (2), two phenolic compounds namely thujasutchins C (3) and D (4), as well as one sesquiterpene thujasutchin E (5), were isolated from the 95% ethanolic extract from the trunks and roots of Thuja sutchuenensis. Their structures were determined by means of extensively spectroscopic analysis including UV, IR, HRESIMS, H and C NMR (COSY, HSQC, HMBC). Moreover, compounds 1, 3-5 were evaluated for in vitro cytotoxic activities against SF-268, MCF-7, HepG-2, and A549 tumor cell lines.

Two pairs of enantiomeric propylated flavonoids and a new lignan from the aerial parts of Abrus precatorius.

Two pairs of novel enantiomeric flavonoids (1a, 1b and 2a, 2b), along with one new lignan (3), were isolated from the aerial parts of Abrus precatorius. All of these enantiomeric flavonoids featured an unprecedented propylated flavonoid skeleton representing a new family of flavonoid, and the new lignan was found to have an attractive arachidate ester side chain. Their structures were extensively elucidated by means of detailed NMR and mass spectroscopic analysis.

Structural optimization and antibacterial evaluation of rhodomyrtosone B analogues against MRSA strains.

Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) infections are well-known as a significant global health challenge. In this study, twenty-two congeners of the natural antibiotic rhodomyrtosone B (RDSB) were synthesized with the aim of specifically enhancing the structural diversity through modifying the pendant acyl moiety. The structure-activity relationship study against various MRSA strains revealed that a suitable hydrophobic acyl tail in the phloroglucinol scaffold is a prerequisite for antibacterial activity.

Rhodomyrtosone B, a membrane-targeting anti-MRSA natural acylgphloroglucinol from Rhodomyrtus tomentosa.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The leaves of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa are traditionally used in the treatment of infectious diseases such as wound infections in Chinese traditional medicine. The mechanisms of the activity of rhodomyrtosone B (RDSB), a natural acylphloroglucinol isolated from the leaves of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa, are still not understood. We provided a detailed investigation of the antibacterial action of RDSB against bacteria in vitro and in vivo.

Two new 12-membered macrolides from the endophytic fungal strain A801 of .

Two new polyketide metabolites, the 12-membered macrolides 4-hydroxy-12-methyloxacyclododecane-2,5,6-trione () and 12-methyloxacyclododecane-2,5,6-trione (), were isolated from the endophytic fungal strain A801 of the plant , together with five known derivatives Their structures were fully characterized by means of detailed spectroscopic analysis for new structures, and in comparison with published data for known compounds. The antibacterial, cytotoxic, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of the new compounds and were evaluated.

Two new ent-kaurane diterpenes from the stems of Eurya chinensis.

Two new ent-kaurane diterpenes (1-2), together with five known analogs, were isolated from the stems of Eurya chinensis. The structures of new compounds were established by extensive analysis of mass spectrometric and 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. Compound 3 exhibited noticeable anti-inflammatory activity as denoted by inhibiting LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW264.

Three new kavalactone dimers from Piper methysticum (kava).

Three new dimeric kavalactones, designated as diyangonins A-C (1-3), along with two known analogs were isolated from the roots of Piper methysticum. Their structures were elucidated by means of extensive analysis of their 1D, 2D NMR, and mass spectroscopic data. All these dimers possess a skeleton featuring a cyclobutane ring connecting two kavalactone units in head-to-tail or head-to-head mode.

A new ent-kaurane diterpene derivative from the stems of Eurya chinensis R.Br.

One new ent-kaurane diterpene derivative (1), along with four known diterpenes, was isolated from the stems of Eurya chinensis R.Br. The structure of the new compound was established by extensive analysis of mass spectrometric and 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data.