Iodotrimethylsilane as a Reactive Ligand for Surface Etching and Passivation of Perovskite Nanocrystals toward Efficient Pure-red to Deep-red LEDs.

Resurfacing perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) with tight-binding and conductive ligands to resolve the dynamic ligands-surface interaction is the fundamental issue for their applications in perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs). Although various types of surface ligands have been proposed, these ligands either exhibit weak Lewis acid/base interactions or need high polar solvents for dissolution and passivation, resulting in a compromise in the efficiency and stability of PeLEDs. Herein, we report a chemically reactive agent (Iodotrimethylsilane, TMIS) to address the trade-off among conductivity, solubility and passivation using all-inorganic CsPbI NCs.

6084 Cases of Adult Tetanus from China: A Literature Analysis.

Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics, treatments, and outcomes of tetanus and determine the most appropriate focus for tetanus prevention and treatment to reduce morbidity and mortality in China.

Methods: Four databases, including the Chinese Bio-Medical Literature Database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, and Wan-fang Data, were searched from 1 January, 2000 to 30 October, 2022.

Results: In total, 151 articles including 6084 tetanus patients met the inclusion criteria.

Field Testing Integrated Interventions for Schistosomiasis Elimination in the People's Republic of China: Outcomes of a Multifactorial Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial.

Despite significant progress, China faces the challenge of re-emerging schistosomiasis transmission in currently controlled areas due, in part, to the presence of a range of animal reservoirs, notably water buffalo and cattle, which can harbor infections. Environmental, ecological and social-demographic changes in China, shown to affect the distribution of oncomelanid snails, can also impact future schistosomiasis transmission. In light of their importance in the , lifecycle, vaccination has been proposed as a means to reduce the excretion of egg from cattle and buffalo, thereby interrupting transmission from these reservoir hosts to snails.

[Evolution and evaluation of schistosomiasis prevention and control institutions in China].

Schistosomiasis is one of a few endemic and infectious diseases, which are controlled by the specific prevention and control institutions in China. Through the review of historical data, this paper describes the construction, continuation and changes of schistosomiasis prevention and control institutions in different historical periods and systems, and analyzes and evaluates its historical function, contribution and status.

[Effect of comprehensive schistosomiasis control strategy with focus on cattle and sheep removal in Junshan District, Yueyang City].

To evaluate the effect of comprehensive schistosomiasis control measures with focus on total removal of cattle and sheep in Junshan District, Yueyang City. The retrospective review and field survey were implemented in the pilot villages in Junshan District. The data of infection status of human, cattle, sheep and snails, and density of snails were gathered and modeled in the period of 2006 to 2016.

[Strategy and effect of snail control in inside-embankment areas in Junshan District, Hunan Province from 1998 to 2017].

Objective: To explore the strategy and countermeasures of snail control and evaluate the effect in inside-embankment areas of lake-type schistosomiasis endemic area, for providing the effective method for controlling and interrupting the schistosomiasis transmission.

Methods: The data of schistosomiasis epidemic and its control and prevention were collected in Junshan District, Hunan Province, and the effect of snail control countermeasures were evaluated and the trend of indexes of snails was drafted in the inside-embankment areas of Junshan District, Hunan Province from 1998 to 2007.

Results: The area with snails in the inside embankment areas of Junshan District decreased by 98.

[Evaluation on effect of treatment and assistance to advanced schistosomiasis patients in Hunan Province from 2004 to 2013].

Objective: To comprehensively evaluate the effect of the program of treatment and assistance to advanced schistosomiasis patients in Hunan Province from 2004 to 2013.

Methods: The fund investment of the program, the profits of hospitals and the improvement of the patients' health were investigated by data collection and questionnaire survey. The evaluation index system of treatment and assistance to advanced schistosomiasis in Hunan Province was constructed by the Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process, and the program was assessed comprehensively.

A multi-component integrated approach for the elimination of schistosomiasis in the People's Republic of China: design and baseline results of a 4-year cluster-randomised intervention trial.

Despite major successes in its control over the past 50years, schistosomiasis japonica continues to be a public health problem in the People's Republic of China (P.R. China).

Development of an educational cartoon to prevent worm infections in Chinese schoolchildren.

Background: With more than two billion people infected worldwide, soil-transmitted helminths (STH) are the most widespread infections. To date, STH control efforts rely predominantly on recurrent mass drug administration (MDA), which does not prevent reinfection. Additional public health measures including novel health educational tools are required for more sustained integrated control of STH.

[Multi-disciplinary treatment for advanced schistosomiasis].

Objective: To assess the efficiency of multi-disciplinary treatment (MDT) for advanced schistosomiasis.

Methods: A total of 173 advanced schistosomiasis patients who received MDT were selected from January 2010 to December 2011. These patients included 75 splenomegaly cases and 98 ascites cases.

[Role of socio-economy and management in sustainable transmission control of schistosomiasis in Taoyuan County, Hunan Province, China].

Objective: To clarify the role of socio-economy and management in the sustainable schistosomiasis-control in Taoyuan County, an endemic area in hilly region, Hunan Province, China.

Methods: From 1996 to 2011, the data of socio-economy, the management of schistosomiasis control organizations, environment, and the changes in schistosomiasis prevalence were collected in Taoyuan County where schistosomiasis transmission had been controlled since 2008. A sampling survey of schistosomiasis prevalence of human and bovine was performed in 2011 to verify the current status of schistosomiasis transmission.

Health-education package to prevent worm infections in Chinese schoolchildren.

Background: Soil-transmitted helminths are among the most prevalent sources of human infections globally. We determined the effect of an educational package at rural schools in Linxiang City District, Hunan province, China, where these worms are prevalent. The intervention aimed to increase knowledge about soil-transmitted helminths, induce behavioral change, and reduce the rate of infection.

[Evaluation of schistosomiasis control effect of buffalo removal in Anxiang County].

Objective: To evaluate the effect of a comprehensive schistosomiasis control strategy based on buffalo removal in a lake and marshland region.

Methods: A community intervention trial was carried out in seven pilot villages and seven control villages along Dongting Lake in Anxiang County, Hunan Province. Besides annual routine control measures such as synchronous chemotherapy, molluscicidal spray and health education, all buffaloes and sheep were killed or removed from the pilot areas in 2005, of which the effect was strengthened by other supporting measures such as replacing bovines by agricultural machines, isolating meadows and prohibiting pastures, supplying safe water, and building sanitary lavatories or methane pits.

[Retrospective survey of 184 patients infected with Schistosoma haematobium from African countries].

Objective: To understand the status of persons of export of labor services infected with Schistosoma haematobium.

Methods: A total of 184 suspected hospitalized patients infected with S. haematobium were investigated retrospectively.

[Selection of government instruments in schistosomiasis control services].

From the perspective of public administration and epidemiology, on the combination of the governance cases in the central and local government of China, the author explores ten modes of the provision of public goods and services in schistosomiasis control services, discusses seven main government instruments, and points out its pluralism, complexity and the slight changes of government' s preference. This paper also explores the approach to help the relevant government make schistosomiasis control work more practicable in field.