Rich maternal and paternal genetic diversity and divergent lineage composition in wild yak ().

Wild yak () is a vulnerable bovine species on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. So far, most studies on the molecular genetic diversity of wild yak have focused on autosomal and mtDNA variations based on the small number of samples. In this study, we analyzed 84 D-loop and 24 whole mitogenome sequences of wild yak to further comprehensively explore its maternal genetic diversity and lineage composition.

Rich maternal and paternal genetic diversity and divergent lineage composition in wild yak ().

Wild yak () is a vulnerable bovine species on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). So far, most studies on molecular genetic diversity of wild yak have focused on autosomal and mtDNA variations based on small number of samples. In this study, we analyzed 84 D-loop and 24 whole mitogenome sequences of wild yak to further comprehensively explore its maternal genetic diversity and lineage composition.

[Gene Mutation in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia by DNA Sequencing].

Objective: To analyze the characteristics of gene mutation in adult ALL and its clinical significance.

Methods: Clinical data of 134 primary adult ALL patients and DNA sequencing results of 16 kinds of gene mutation were collected. The characteristic of gene mutation and clinical significances were statistically analyzed.

[Expression of CD146 in Adult and Children's Acute B Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Its Significance].

Objective: To explore the differences of CD146 expression in adult and children's acute B cell lymphoblastic leukemia(B-ALL), and its relation with clinical features, molecular biological and cytogenctic claracteristics.

Methods: The expression of CD146 in bone marrow samples from adult and children's B-ALL patients were detected by flow cytometry (FCM) and the relation of CD146 abnormal high expression with the patients' clinical features, molecular biological and cytogenetical characteristics, as well as other antigens were analyzed.

Results: The abnormal high expression rates of CD146 in adult and children's B-ALL patients were 29.

[Expression and Clinical Significance of N-cadherin in Bone Marrow Leukemic Cells Derived from Patients with Acute Leukemia].

Objective: To investigate the expression of N-cadherin in bone marrow leukemic cells derived from acute leukemia patients and its clinical significances.

Methods: A total of 113 patients with acute leukemia were enrolled in this study. Flow cytometry was employed to detect the expression of N-Cadherin in bone marrow leukemic cells from acute leukemia patients and the relationships between the N-cadherin expression and the clinical characteristics of patients with acute leukemia were analyzed.

[Expression of N-Cadherin in Patients with Multiple Myeloma and Its Clinical Significance].

Objective: To investigate the expression of N-Cadherin in the patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and to explore its clinical significance.

Methods: A total of 64 patients with multiple myeloma were enrolled in this study. The expression of N-Cadherin in bone marrow CD38⁺/CD138⁺ cells from multiple myeloma patients was detected by flow cytometry.

N-butylidenephthalide attenuates Alzheimer's disease-like cytopathy in Down syndrome induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons.

Down syndrome (DS) patients with early-onset dementia share similar neurodegenerative features with Alzheimer's disease (AD). To recapitulate the AD cell model, DS induced pluripotent stem cells (DS-iPSCs), reprogrammed from mesenchymal stem cells in amniotic fluid, were directed toward a neuronal lineage. Neuroepithelial precursor cells with high purity and forebrain characteristics were robustly generated on day 10 (D10) of differentiation.

Susceptibility of human embryonic stem cell-derived neural cells to Japanese encephalitis virus infection.

Pluripotent human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) can be efficiently directed to become immature neuroepithelial precursor cells (NPCs) and functional mature neural cells, including neurotransmitter-secreting neurons and glial cells. Investigating the susceptibility of these hESCs-derived neural cells to neurotrophic viruses, such as Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), provides insight into the viral cell tropism in the infected human brain. We demonstrate that hESC-derived NPCs are highly vulnerable to JEV infection at a low multiplicity of infection (MOI).

Prerequisite OCT4 Maintenance Potentiates the Neural Induction of Differentiating Human Embryonic Stem Cells and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.

Establishing an efficient differentiation procedure is prerequisite for the cell transplantation of pluripotent stem cells. Activating fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signals and inhibiting the activin/nodal pathway are both conserved principles to direct the neural induction (NI) of developing embryos and human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Wnt signal and OCT4 expression are critical for the hESC pluripotency; however, their roles in cell differentiation are largely unclear.

[Aplastic anemia with macrocytic anemia: a study based on long-term follow-up].

Objective: To elucidate the clinical features, response rate, prognosis and clonal evolution of aplastic anemia (AA) with macrocytic anemia (mAA).

Methods: The clinical features at initial diagnosis and data in follow up of mAA hospitalized from January 2000 to October 2011 were analyzed retrospectively.

Results: (1) Of 153/568 (26.

Modeling neurogenesis impairment in Down syndrome with induced pluripotent stem cells from Trisomy 21 amniotic fluid cells.

Down syndrome (DS), or Trisomy 21 (T21) syndrome, one of the most common chromosomal abnormalities, is caused by an extra duplication of chromosome 21. In studies of neuron development, experimental models based on human cells are considered to be the most desired and accurate for basic research. The generation of diseased induced pluripotetn stem (iPS) cell is a critical step in understanding the developmental stages of complex neuronal diseases.

[Effect of proteasome inhibitor bortezomib on proliferation, apoptosis and XIAP expression in K562 cells].

Objective: To investigate the effect of proteasome inhibitor bortezomib on proliferation, apoptosis of K562 cells and the expression of XIAP.

Methods: K562 cells were treated with bortezomib at different concentration. Cell proliferation was analyzed by WST-1 assay, cell apoptosis by flow cytometry and TUNEL, XIAP mRNA expression from 5 - 100 nmol/L by RT-PCR, and XIAP protein expression by SP immunohistochemistry.

[Immunophenotyping characteristics of adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in different ages].

The purpose of this study was to investigate the immunophenotyping characteristics of adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients in groups of different ages. Immunophenotyping was performed in 260 ALL patients by flow cytometry using a panel of monoclonal antibodies and CD45/SSC gating. The results indicated that (1) all the 82 cases of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) expressed CD7 (100%) while the positive rate of CD2 remarkably decreased with aging.

[Clinical features and survival analysis of patients with CD20 positive adult B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

The aim of this study was to explore the clinical features and survival of adult patients with CD20 positive B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). The clinical manifestations, examination results, therapeutic effect and survival rate of 119 adult B-ALL patients diagnosed and treated in our hospital from May 2004 to January 2008 were analyzed retrospectively. The results showed that among 119 cases, CD20 positive B-ALL accounted for 40 cases (33.

[Effects of interferon on the expressions of TRAIL and other apoptosis- inducing genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from polycythemia rubra vera].

Objective: To investigate the effects of interferon (IFN) on the natural killer (NK) cytotoxicity and the expression of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and other apoptosis-inducing genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) from polycythemia rubra vera (PV).

Methods: PBMNC were collected from 12 PV patients. The NK cytotoxicity was assessed by lactate dehydrogenase release assay and lytic units (LU) were calculated based on specific lysis.

[Influence of chemotherapy on expression of TRAIL in primary acute leukemic cells].

In order to explore the expression of TRAIL in primary acute leukemic cells and the effect of chemotherapeutic drug on TRAIL expression in acute leukemic cells, the expression of TRAIL was assessed by flow cytometry on day 0, day 1, day 3 and day 5 in 16 patients with acute leukemia received chemotherapy. Meanwhile, the bone marrow mononuclear cells of acute leukemia patients were cultured in vitro with VP-16 and INFalpha-2a. Expression of TRAIL was analyszed by flow cytometry at 24, 48 and 72 hours after treatment.

[Expression and role of beta-catenin in acute leukemia bone marrow cells].

The aim of this study was to explore the expression of beta-catenin in acute leukemia bone marrow cells and its role in the development of acute leukemia. The expression of beta-catenin of bone marrow cells was detected by immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry in 20 cases of newly diagnosed acute leukemia. Meanwhile the expression of the proliferating index Ki-67 was detected by immunocytochemistry.