Advancements in heparosan production through metabolic engineering and improved fermentation.

Heparin is one of the most widely used natural drugs, and has been the preferred anticoagulant and antithrombotic agent in the clinical setting for nearly a century. Heparin also shows increasing therapeutic potential for treating inflammation, cancer, and microbial and viral diseases, including COVID-19. With advancements in synthetic biology, heparin production through microbial engineering of heparosan offers a cost-effective and scalable alternative to traditional extraction from animal tissues.

Accessory hepatic vein recanalization for Budd-Chiari syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) results when the outflow of the hepatic vein (HV) is obstructed. BCS patients exhibiting an accessory HV (AHV) that is dilated but obstructed can achieve significant alleviation of liver congestion after undergoing AHV recanalization. This meta-analysis was developed to explore the clinical efficacy of AHV recanalization in patients with BCS.

Dietary Guanidine Acetic Acid Addition Improved Carcass Quality with Less Back-Fat Thickness and Remarkably Increased Meat Protein Deposition in Rapid-Growing Lambs Fed Different Forage Types.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether guanidine acetic acid (GAA) yields a response in rapid-growing lambs depending on forage type. In this study, seventy-two small-tailed lambs (initial body weights = 12 ± 1.6 kg) were used in a 120-d feeding experiment after a 7-d adaptation period.

In Situ Rumen Degradation Characteristics and Bacterial Colonization of Corn Silages Differing in Ferulic and -Coumaric Acid Contents.

In plant cell wall, ferulic acid (FA) and -coumaric acid (CA) are commonly linked with arabinoxylans and lignin through ester and ether bonds. These linkages were deemed to hinder the access of rumen microbes to cell wall polysaccharides. The attachment of rumen microbes to plant cell wall was believed to have profound effects on the rate and the extent of forage digestion in rumen.

Novel two-photon absorption compounds with different organic cations: facile synthesis, photophysical properties, detection of viscosity, and selective imaging of the endoplasmic reticulum in living cells.

Three novel imidazole-based two-photon absorption compounds bearing different organic cations (1PIPy, 2PIQu, and 3PIIm) were facilely synthesized and fully characterized by H NMR, C NMR, FT-IR, and HRMS. The linear and nonlinear photophysical properties of the target compounds were systematically investigated in various solvents, supplemented with the density functional theory calculations to shed light on their structure-property relationships. The maximum two-photon action cross-sections ( × ) were determined to be 22.

Psychotherapy and Follow-Up in Health Care Workers After the COVID-19 Epidemic: A Single Center's Experience.

Objective: The present study aims to analysis the mental health of high-risk health care workers (HHCWs) and low-risk HCWs (LHCWs) who were respectively exposed to COVID-19 wards and non-COVID-19 wards by following up on mental disorders in HCWs in China for 6 months.

Methods: A multi-psychological assessment questionnaire was used to follow up on the psychological status of HCWs in the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University in Xuzhou City (a non-core epidemic area) at 6 months after the first evaluation conducted during the COVID-19 epidemic. Based on the risk of exposure to COVID-19 patients, the HCWs were divided into two groups: high-risk HCWs, who worked in COVID-19 wards, and low-risk HCWs, who worked in non-COVID-19 wards.

Guanidine acetic acid exhibited greater growth performance in younger (13-30 kg) than in older (30-50 kg) lambs under high-concentrate feedlotting pattern.

Guanidine acetic acid (GAA) is increasingly considered as a nutritional growth promoter in monogastric animals. Whether or not such response would exist in rapid-growing lambs is unclear yet. The objective of this study was to investigate whether dietary supplementation with uncoated GAA (UGAA) and coated GAA (CGAA) could alter growth performance, nutrient digestion, serum metabolites, and antioxidant capacity in lambs.

Novel red light-emitting two-photon absorption compounds with large Stokes shifts for living cell imaging.

Three novel donor-π-acceptor two-photon absorption compounds (1PZPy, 2PZIm, 3CZPy) bearing the 10-butyl-10H-phenothiazine (9-butyl-9H-carbazole) donor, the pyridinium (benzimidazolium) acceptor, and the 2,5-divinylthiophene π-bridge were synthesized and fully characterized by H NMR, C NMR, FT-IR, and HRMS. The linear and nonlinear photophysical properties were systematically investigated. Their absorption properties show a strong solvent dependence, while the emission properties are nearly independent of solvent polarity.

Effects of dietary supplementation with N-carbamylglutamate on maternal endometrium and fetal development during early pregnancy in Inner Mongolia white cashmere goats.

This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) on maternal endometrium and fetal development during early pregnancy of Inner Mongolia white cashmere goats. Forty-eight pregnant Inner Mongolia white cashmere goats (average age 3 years old, average lactation parity 2, and average body weight 43.81 ± 2.

Effects of High-Forage Diets Containing Raw Flaxseeds or Soybean on In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation, Gas Emission, and Microbial Profile.

Lipid metabolism plays an important role in the energy economy of ruminants. However, its interactions of fat, rumen fermentation, gas emission, and microorganisms are not yet clear. This study evaluated the effect of adding raw oilseeds to high-forage diets on in vitro ruminal fermentation, gas composition, and microbial profile.

Isolation and Identification of a Rumen Bacteria and Its Degradation Potential of Gossypol in Cottonseed Meal during Solid-State Fermentation.

Cottonseed meal (CSM) is an important protein feed source for dairy cows. Its inclusion in ruminant diets is limited due to the presence of the highly toxic gossypol though rumen microorganisms are believed to be capable of gossypol degrading and transforming. The objective of the present study was to isolate the gossypol-degrading bacteria from the rumen contents and to assess its potential for gossypol degradation in vitro.

Gossypol detoxification in the rumen and larvae: A review.

Gossypol, a phenolic compound found in the cotton plant, is widely distributed in cottonseed by-products. Although ruminant animals are believed to be more tolerant of gossypol toxicity than monogastric animals due to rumen microbial fermentation, the actual mechanisms of detoxification remain unclear. In contrast, the metabolic detoxification of gossypol by (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae has achieved great advances.

In situ rumen degradation characteristics and bacterial colonization of whole cottonseed, cottonseed hull and cottonseed meal with different gossypol content.

Regarding whole cottonseed (WCS), cottonseed meal (CSM), and cottonseed hull (CSH), in situ rumen incubation was applied to determine their nutrient and gossypol degradation characteristics and bacterial colonization profile in lactating Holstein cows. Nylon bags containing the cotton by-products were incubated for 0, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 72 h in the rumen, respectively. The relationship between nutrient degradability and free gossypol (FG) content were examined, and the differences in the composition and inferred gene function of the colonized microbiota were studied.

Gossypol Exhibited Higher Detrimental Effect on Ruminal Fermentation Characteristics of Low-Forage in Comparison with High-Forage Mixed Feeds.

Gossypol is a key anti-nutritional factor which limits the feeding application of cottonseed by-products in animal production. A 2 × 4 factorial in vitro experiment was conducted to determine the effect of gossypol addition levels of 0, 0.25, 0.

[Investigation of modulating effect of Qingfei Paidu Decoction on host metabolism and gut microbiome in rats].

This study is to explore the effect of Qingfei Paidu Decoction(QPD) on the host metabolism and gut microbiome of rats with metabolomics and 16 S rDNA sequencing. Based on 16 S rDNA sequencing of gut microbiome and metabolomics(GC-MS and LC-MS/MS), we systematically studied the serum metabolites profile and gut microbiota composition of rats treated with QPD for continued 5 days by oral gavage. A total of 23 and 43 differential metabolites were identified based on QPD with GC-MS and LC-MS/MS, respectively.

Impact of ultrasonography on identifying noninvasive prenatal screening false-negative aneuploidy.

Background: To evaluate the impact of ultrasonography on identifying noninvasive prenatal screening (NIPS) false-negative aneuploidy.

Methods: Analysis of large population-based NIPS false-negative aneuploidy data comprising karyotypes, clinical outcomes, and ultrasound results.

Results: From December 2010 to July 2018, a total of 3,320,457 pregnancies were screened by NIPS performed in BGI; among them, 69 NIPS false-negative aneuploidy cases with informed consent were confirmed, and ultrasound examination data for 48 cases were not available.

The Antimethanogenic Nitrocompounds Can be Cleaved into Nitrite by Rumen Microorganisms: A Comparison of Nitroethane, 2-Nitroethanol, and 2-Nitro-1-propanol.

A class of aliphatic short chain nitrocompounds have been reported as being capable of CH reduction both in vitro and in vivo. However, the laboratory evidence associated with the metabolic fate of nitrocompounds in the rumen has not been well documented. The present study was conducted to compare in vitro degradation and metabolism of nitroethane (NE), 2-nitroethanol (NEOH), and 2-nitro-1-propanol (NPOH) incubated with mixed rumen microorganisms of dairy cows.

Effects of photoperiod on circadian clock genes in skin contribute to the regulation of hair follicle cycling of Inner Mongolia white cashmere goats.

This study investigated how the effects of photoperiod on circadian clock genes in the skin contribute to the regulation of hair follicle cycling of Inner Mongolia white cashmere goats. Twenty-four female (non-pregnant) Inner Mongolia white cashmere goats aged 1 - 1.5 years old with similar live weights (mean, 20.

Effect of all-trans retinoic acid on casein and fatty acid synthesis in MAC-T cells.

Objective: Caseins and fatty acids of milk are synthesized and secreted by the epithelial cells of the mammary gland. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), an active metabolite of vitamin A, has been shown to promote mammary development. This study was conducted to determine the effect of ATRA on casein synthesis and fatty acid composition in MAC-T cells.

Metal nickel exposure increase the risk of congenital heart defects occurrence in offspring: A case-control study in China.

Background: Previous studies have investigated heavy metal exposure could increase the occurrence of congenital heart defects (CHDs). However, there are limited data regarding the relationship between exposure to nickel and CHDs occurrence in offspring. The aim of this study was to analyze the association between nickel exposure in mothers and the risk of CHDs in offspring.

Low Concentration of Antibiotics Modulates Gut Microbiota at Different Levels in Pre-Weaning Dairy Calves.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of feeding milk replacer (MR) with two different antibiotics treatments on the gut microbiota of pre-weaning calves. Twelve (12) Holstein male calves at 1-day-old were randomly assigned to: milk replacer without antibiotics (CON), milk replacer plus low cocktail of antibiotics (LCA) concentration (penicillin 0.024 mg/L, streptomycin 0.

Effects of photoperiod on nutrient digestibility, hair follicle activity and cashmere quality in Inner Mongolia white cashmere goats.

Objective: This study investigated the effects of photoperiod on nutrient digestibility, hair follicle (HF) activity and cashmere quality in Inner Mongolia white cashmere goats.

Methods: Twenty-four female (non-pregnant) Inner Mongolia white cashmere goats aged 1 to 1.5 years old with similar live weights (mean, 20.

Effects of different forage combinations in total mixed rations on in vitro gas production kinetics, ruminal and milk fatty acid profiles of lactating cows.

This study aimed to determine the effects of different forage combinations on in vitro gas production (GP) kinetics, ruminal and milk fatty acid profiles. Forty-five lactating cows were randomly arranged into three groups and fed three total mixed rations (TMRs) with different forage combinations: TMR1, 23% alfalfa hay, 7% Chinese wild ryegrass hay and 15% whole corn silage; TMR2, 30% corn stover plus 15% whole corn silage; TMR3, 30% rice straw plus 15% whole corn silage. In vitro dry matter disappearance ranked: TMR1 > TMR2 > TMR3, and highest cumulative GP and asymptotic GP occurred in TMR1 while no difference occurred between TMR2 and TMR3.