Genetic Evidence for a Causal Relationship Between Innate Leukocytes and the Risk of Digestive System Cancers in East Asians and Europeans.

Background: Peripheral traditional immune cell disorder plays an important role in cancer onset and development. The causal relationships between leukocytes prior to cancer and the risk of digestive system cancer remain unknown. This study assesses the causal correlations between leukocytes and digestive system cancer risk in East Asians and Europeans.

Predictive potential of preoperative Naples prognostic score-based nomogram model for the prognosis in surgical resected thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients: A retrospective cohort study.

The present study aimed to establish an effective prognostic nomogram model based on the Naples prognostic score (NPS) for resectable thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). A total of 277 patients with ESCC, who underwent standard curative esophagectomy and designated as study cohort, were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into different groups, including NPS 0, NPS 1, NPS 2, and NPS 3 or 4 groups, for further analysis, and the results were validated in an external cohort of 122 ESCC patients, who underwent surgery at another cancer center.

A bioinformatics analysis to evaluate the prognostic value of stemness-related genes in gastric cancer.

Background: This study aimed to identify potential stemness-related targets in gastric cancer (GC) in order to support the development of new treatment strategies and improve patient survival.

Methods: Using the edgeR package, we identified stemness-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using GSE112631 and the stemness-related signaling pathways in the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) database. Lasso-penalized Cox regression analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis tested by Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) were used to screen out survival genes in order to construct a prognostic model.

Nomogram-Integrated C-Reactive Protein/Albumin Ratio Predicts Efficacy And Prognosis In Patients With Thoracic Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Receiving Chemoradiotherapy.

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effect and survival outcome using nomogram by incorporating significant inflammatory markers in patients with thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) who received chemoradiotherapy (CRT) or single radiotherapy (RT).

Method: A total of 266 patients diagnosed with thoracic ESCC receiving standard curative RT only or concurrent CRT were retrospectively analysed. The patients were grouped for statistical analysis depending on the median values of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and C-reactive protein/albumin (CRP/Alb) ratio.

Pretreatment NRS-2002 scores combined with hematologic inflammation markers are independent prognostic factors in patients with resectable thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic values of Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002) and hematologic inflammation markers in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) receiving curative esophagectomy.

Materials And Methods: A total of 277 patients with ESCC treated with standard curative esophagectomy were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were grouped for further analysis according to the systemic inflammation score (SIS), the combination of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (CNP) score and NRS-2002 score.

Influential factors on radiotherapy efficacy and prognosis in patients with secondary lymph node metastasis after esophagectomy of thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: The purpose of this study was to clarify whether pretreatment tumor burden-related index, including the gross tumor volume (GTV) of metastatic lymph nodes (V) and maximum diameter of metastatic lymph nodes (D), and inflammatory markers, consisting of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), are useful for assessing the therapeutic effects and prognosis with secondary lymph node metastasis (LNM) receiving chemoradiotherapy (CRT) or radiotherapy (RT) alone after resection of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Patients And Methods: A total of 119 patients with secondary LNM after resection of ESCC were recruited and received curative RT only or CRT. The enrolled patients were grouped according to the median values of NLR, PLR, V, and D.

The p75 neurotrophin receptor regulates cranial irradiation-induced hippocampus-dependent cognitive dysfunction.

Cognitive deficits, characterized by progressive problems with hippocampus-dependent learning, memory and spatial processing, are the most serious complication of cranial irradiation. However, the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) is involved in a diverse arrays of cellular responses, including neurite outgrowth, neurogenesis, and negative regulation of spine density, which are associated with various neurological disorders.

Ionizing irradiation inhibits keloid fibroblast cell proliferation and induces premature cellular senescence.

Keloids are one of the common refractory conditions in dermatology and aesthetic plastic surgery. The most effective treatment is superficial radiotherapy followed by surgical removal. The rate of recurrence is strongly associated with the total dose of ionizing irradiation, and the underlying mechanism remains unclear.

Forced running exercise attenuates hippocampal neurogenesis impairment and the neurocognitive deficits induced by whole-brain irradiation via the BDNF-mediated pathway.

Cranial radiotherapy induces progressive and debilitating cognitive deficits, particularly in long-term cancer survivors, which may in part be caused by the reduction of hippocampal neurogenesis. Previous studies suggested that voluntary exercise can reduce the cognitive impairment caused by radiation therapy. However, there is no study on the effect of forced wheel exercise and little is known about the molecular mechanisms mediating the effect of exercise.

Effects of expression level of DNA repair-related genes involved in the NHEJ pathway on radiation-induced cognitive impairment.

Cranial radiation therapy can induce cognitive decline. Impairments of hippocampal neurogenesis are thought to be a paramountly important mechanism underlying radiation-induced cognitive dysfunction. In the mature nervous system, DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are mainly repaired by non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathways.