Efficacy and safety of olanzapine for treatment of patients with bipolar depression: Chinese subpopulation analysis of a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.

Background: Depression in bipolar I disorder responds to the atypical antipsychotic olanzapine. This subpopulation analysis assessed whether olanzapine is superior to placebo specifically in the treatment of Chinese patients with bipolar I depression.

Methods: This was a subpopulation analysis of a 6-week, multicenter, double-blind, parallel, randomized, placebo-controlled trial among 12 Chinese study centers.

Exploratory analysis of early treatment discontinuation and clinical outcomes of patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Introduction: This post-hoc analysis was to investigate the impact of treatment discontinuation on clinical outcomes in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Methods: Data are from a 12-month, observational, multinational study that included outpatients aged 6-17 years who were diagnosed with ADHD and treated with atomoxetine, methylphenidate, or nootropic agents. Treatment effectiveness and proportions of patients who discontinued treatment were compared between China and the other non-Western countries/regions combined.

Differential response profiles in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: treatment with atomoxetine.

Atomoxetine has been shown to be safe and effective in the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The purpose of this post hoc analysis was to examine response trajectories of pediatric patients treated with atomoxetine. Data were pooled from 7 atomoxetine double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials conducted in pediatric patients between November 1998 and June 2004.

Does participation in a weight control program also improve clinical and functional outcomes for Chinese patients with schizophrenia treated with olanzapine?

Objectives: This study examined whether participation in a weight control program (WCP) by patients with schizophrenia treated with olanzapine was also associated with improvements in clinical and functional outcomes.

Methods: A post-hoc analysis was conducted using data from the Chinese subgroup (n=330) of a multi-country, 6-month, prospective, observational study of outpatients with schizophrenia who initiated or switched to oral olanzapine. At study entry and monthly visits, participants were assessed with the Clinical Global Impression of Severity, and measures of patient insight, social activities, and work impairment.

[Effects of chelation therapy with succimer in young rabbits of moderate lead poisoning].

Objective: To explore the effect of chelation therapy with succimer (DMSA) in male rabbits of moderate lead poisoning during juvenile stage.

Methods: Twenty-four 45-day-old male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into three groups (therapy group, TG; positive control group, PG and negative control group, NG, n=8). The TG and PG were orally exposed to lead acetate (5 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) for 6 weeks.

[Sleep habits and sleep disturbance in school-age children of China].

Objective: To survey the sleep habits (bedtime, wake time), sleep duration, and sleep problems in school-age children of China.

Method: From November to December, 2005, a total of 19,299 school-age children from 55 elementary schools of 9 cities entered the study by a cross-sectional survey. A parent-administered questionnaire and the Chinese version of the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire were applied to investigate children's sociodemographic characteristics and sleep behaviors, respectively.

[Effects of moderate lead poisoning on the hippocampus tissue of rabbits in juvenile stage].

Objective: To understand the effects of moderate lead poisoning on the hippocampus tissue of rabbits in juvenile stage.

Methods: Sixteen 45-day-old male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into blank group and lead-exposed group,8 for each group. Rabbits in the lead-exposed group were treated with 5 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) lead acetate in their forage for 6 weeks to establish a moderate lead poisoning animal model.

[Development and psychometric properties of the Chinese version of Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire].

Objective: To develop the Chinese version of Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) by translating and retranslating the English version of CSHQ and to examine the reliability, content validity, construct validity of the Chinese version in a general population of school-age children.

Methods: During November and December 2005, a total of 20 457 school-age children from 55 primary schools of 9 cities were recruited through cluster-stratified selection, using geographic location, economic standard, and population density as criteria. A parent-administered questionnaire and the Chinese version of CSHQ were completed to quantify sociodemographic characteristics and to characterize sleep patterns and sleep disturbances, respectively.

Developmental lead exposure alters gene expression of metabotropic glutamate receptors in rat hippocampal neurons.

Exposure to lead in utero and in infancy is associated with a risk of impaired cognitive development. Increasing evidence suggests that the family of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) plays an important role in synaptic plasticity and memory formation. We determined whether mGluRs subtypes 1, 3, and 7 (mGluR1, mGluR3, and mGluR7) were involved in developmental neurotoxicity due to lead.

[Effects of perinatal exposure to methylmercury on the structure of hippocampus and cerebellum in young rats].

Objective: To evaluate the effects of perinatal exposure to methylmercury on the structure of hippocampus and cerebellum in young pups.

Methods: Divided the 9 pregnant SD rats into three groups randomly: group I, II and III After exposing the rats of the three groups from day 7 in pregnancy through lactation with methylmercury (the dose were 0, 0.1 and 1mg/(kg x d) respectively), examined the early physiology development and the structure of hippocampus and cerebellum of day-21-offspring rats.

[Association between vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism and vitamin D deficiency rickets].

Objective: To explore the genetic susceptibility of children to vitamin D deficiency rickets through studying the association between Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism and vitamin D deficiency rickets.

Methods: One hundred and fifty-nine children (100 boys and 59 girls, aged 0 to 2 years), with new-onset vitamin D deficiency rickets were enrolled. The patients sampled from a community of Jiamusi City, Heilongjiang Province.

[Parental education to reduce blood lead levels in children with mild and moderate lead poisoning: a randomized controlled study].

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of parental education on reducing lead exposure of children by examining the changes in blood lead levels of children whose parents receiving or not receiving educational intervention.

Methods: Two hundred children with confirmed blood lead levels beyond 100 microg/L were selected. They were randomized into two groups, 107 children in study group and 93 in control.

[An epidemiological study on sleep problems in children aged 1 to 23 months in Shanghai].

Objective: To understand prevalence of sleep problems and presence of improper sleep habit of children aged one to 23 months in Shanghai, and to identify their related factors.

Methods: Totally, 1 252 normal children, without severe illness and abnormal delivery history, aged one to 23 months were randomly selected from five districts of Shanghai. Under strict quality control system, their parents were interviewed with questionnaire to look into their familial and social environment, as well as sleep-related factors.

[The parents' opinions on screening program regarding newborn hearing].

Objective: To investigate opinions on screening of newborn hearing from parent's and its influence to parents and their families.

Methods: Parents were divided into two groups and were given the same questionnaire. Those parents whose babies had passed the first test were in the first group, and those parents whose babies failed the test were in the second group.

[Hearing screening for high-risk newborns].

Objective: To investigate the morbidity of congenital hearing impairment among high-risk newborns and the relevant pathogenic factors.

Methods: Initial screening of hearing by otoacoustic emission (OAE) was conducted among 208 high-risk newborns, 130 males and 78 females after they were born and the second screening was conducted by OAE was conducted 42 days after those with positive results were examined by auditary brainstem response (ABR).

Results: All of the 208 newborns received the initial screening with a screening rate of 100%, and 130 newborns received the second screening with a screening rate of 62.

Applicability of a filter paper method to measure blood lead levels in large populations of Chinese children.

Background: Capillary filter paper can be useful for screening blood lead concentrations in large populations of geographically dispersed Chinese children.

Methods: A total of 159 at 0-6 years of age were enrolled in the study when they came for routine pediatric care. Paired venous and capillary filter paper samples were collected from all subjects.