Neuronal protective effect of Artemisinin in ischemic stroke: Achieved by blocking lysine demethylase 1A-mediated demethylation of sphingosine kinase 2.

Artemisinin (ART), a natural product isolated from the traditional Chinese plant Artemisia annua L., has shown neuroprotective properties in addition to its well-established antimalarial activities. This study investigates the therapeutic effect of ART in ischemic stroke (IS) and delves into its functional mechanism.

EGR1 is crucial for the chlorogenic acid-provided promotion on liver regeneration and repair after APAP-induced liver injury.

Improper use of acetaminophen (APAP) will induce acute liver failure. This study is designed to investigate whether early growth response-1 (EGR1) participated in the promotion on liver repair and regeneration after APAP-induced hepatotoxicity provided by natural compound chlorogenic acid (CGA). APAP induced the nuclear accumulation of EGR1 in hepatocytes regulated by extracellular-regulated protein kinase (ERK)1/2.

Cetuximab functionalization strategy for combining active targeting and antimigration capacities of a hybrid composite nanoplatform applied to deliver 5-fluorouracil: toward colorectal cancer treatment.

Antibody-functionalized targeted nanocarriers to deliver chemotherapeutics have been widely explored. However, it remains highly desirable to understand and apply the antitumor potential of antibodies integrated in hybrid composite nanoplatforms. Herein, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, a supported lipid bilayer and cetuximab were integrated to fabricate a hybrid nanoplatform for effectively encapsulating and selectively delivering 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) against colorectal cancer (CRC) cells.

[Study on improvement provided by water extracts of Polygoni Multiflori Radix and Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata on non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in mice induced by MCD].

This study aims to observe the improvement of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) after using water extracts of Polygoni Multiflori Radix and Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata and explore their preliminary mechanism. Mice were fed with methionine-choline-deficent diet(MCD) for 6 weeks for modeling, and mice were orally given with 50, 100, 200 mg·kg~(-1) of Polygoni Multiflori Radix water extract(PMRWE) or Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata water extract(PMRPWE) at the last 4 weeks. During the whole experimental procedure, the body weight changes of the mice were monitored and recorded.

Scutellarein alleviates the dysfunction of inner blood-retinal-barrier initiated by hyperglycemia-stimulated microglia cells.

Aim: To investigate the alleviation of scutellarein (SN) against inner blood-retinal-barrier (iBRB) dysfunction in microglia cells stimulated by hyperglycemia and to elucidate the engaged mechanism.

Methods: Microglia BV2 cells were stimulated by using 25 mmol/L D-glucose. The same concentration of mannitol (25 mmol/L) was applied as an isotonic contrast.

Chlorogenic acid alleviates acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice via regulating Nrf2-mediated HSP60-initiated liver inflammation.

Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute liver failure is a serious clinic issue. Our previous study showed that chlorogenic acid (CGA) alleviated APAP-induced liver inflammatory injury, but its concrete mechanism is still not clear. This study aims to elucidate the engaged mechanism involved in the CGA-provided alleviation on APAP-induced liver inflammation.

Subchronic toxicity and concomitant toxicokinetics of long-term oral administration of total alkaloid extracts from seeds of Peganum harmala Linn: A 28-day study in rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The seeds of Peganum harmala Linn, in which the most abundant active compounds are harmaline and harmine, have been widely used as a traditional medicine in various countries to treat a broad spectrum of diseases including asthma, cough, depression, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. However, few studies on long-term or subchronic toxicity of seeds of P. harmala were reported after overdose.

Identification of serum microRNAs as potential toxicological biomarkers for toosendanin-induced liver injury in mice.

Background: Toosendan Fructus is traditionally used as an insecticide or digestive tract parasiticide for treating digestive parasites in China. It is recorded to have little toxicity in Chinese Pharmacopoeia and has been found to cause severe liver injury during clinical practice.

Purpose: This study aims to identify candidate serum microRNAs (miRNAs) as potential toxicological biomarkers for reflecting the hepatotoxicity induced by toosendanin (TSN), which is the main toxic compound isolated from Toosendan Fructus METHODS: Alanine/aspartate aminotransferase (ALT/AST) activities detection and liver histological observation were performed to evaluate the liver injury induced by TSN or other hepatotoxicants in mice.

(-)-Epicatechin attenuates hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome by inhibiting liver oxidative and inflammatory injury.

Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (HSOS) is a rare liver disease with considerable morbidity and mortality. (-)-Epicatechin (EPI) is a natural flavonol. This study aims to investigate the protection of EPI against monocrotaline (MCT)-induced HSOS and its engaged mechanism.

Diosbulbin B induced G/M cell cycle arrest in hepatocytes by miRNA-186-3p and miRNA-378a-5p-mediated the decreased expression of CDK1.

Diosbulbin B (DB) is the main hepatotoxic compound in Airpotato yam, which is traditionally used for treating thyroid disease and cancer in China, and its hepatotoxic mechanism still remains unclear. This study aims to investigate its hepatotoxic mechanism by focusing on regulating microRNA (miRNA). DB induced hepatotoxicity both in vivo and in vitro.

Liquiritigenin and liquiritin alleviated MCT-induced HSOS by activating Nrf2 antioxidative defense system.

Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (HSOS) is a serious and life-threatening liver disease. Liquiritigenin (LG) and liquiritin (LQ) are natural flavonoids distributed in Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gan-cao). This study aims to investigate the protective effect and mechanism of LG and LQ against monocrotaline (MCT)-induced HSOS.

Hepatoprotective effect of Forsythiae Fructus water extract against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis in mice.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The fruit of Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl, named Forsythiae Fructus (Lian-Qiao), is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) used for clearing away heat and toxic material, eliminating the mass and relieving swelling.

Aim Of The Study: This study aims to observe the attenuation of the water extract of Forsythiae Fructus (FSE) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl)-induced hepatic fibrosis in male C57BL/6 mice.

The involvement of Nrf2 antioxidant signalling pathway in the protection of monocrotaline-induced hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome in rats by (+)-catechin hydrate.

Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (HSOS) is a rare and life-threatening liver disease. (+)-Catechin is a natural dietary flavonol with high antioxidant capacity. This study aims to investigate the involvement of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) antioxidant signalling pathway in the protection of (+)-catechin hydrate (CAT) against monocrotaline (MCT)-induced HSOS.

Natural product andrographolide alleviated APAP-induced liver fibrosis by activating Nrf2 antioxidant pathway.

As a well-known analgesic drug, acetaminophen (APAP) is commonly used to relieve pain for patients with chronic painful diseases. Our previous study has shown that long-term ingestion of APAP caused liver fibrosis in mice. This study further investigated the critical role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in regulating APAP-induced liver fibrosis in mice and the anti-fibrotic effect of natural compound andrographolide (Andro).

Chlorogenic acid attenuates diabetic retinopathy by reducing VEGF expression and inhibiting VEGF-mediated retinal neoangiogenesis.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common and serious complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). This study aims to investigate the amelioration of chlorogenic acid (CGA) on proliferative DR (PDR) via focusing on inhibiting retinal neoangiogenesis. CGA reduced the increased cell proliferation, migration and tube formation induced by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in human retinal endothelial cells (HREC) and choroid-retinal endothelial RF/6A cells.

Serum microRNA-122-3p, microRNA-194-5p and microRNA-5099 are potential toxicological biomarkers for the hepatotoxicity induced by Airpotato yam.

Airpotato yam (the rhizome of Dioscorea bulbifera L.) is traditionally used to treat thyroid disease and various cancers in China. However, it was found to cause hepatotoxicity during clinical practice.

Integrative analysis of hepatic microRNA and mRNA to identify potential biological pathways associated with monocrotaline-induced liver injury in mice.

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are a type of natural hepatotoxic compounds. Monocrotaline (MCT), belongs to PAs, is a main compound distributed in medicinal herb Crotalaria ferruginea Grah. ex Benth.

Long-term acetaminophen treatment induced liver fibrosis in mice and the involvement of Egr-1.

Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute liver injury has already been well studied. However, whether long-term administration of APAP will cause liver fibrosis is still not very clear. This study aims to investigate the liver fibrosis in mice induced by long-term APAP treatment and the involvement of early growth response 1 (Egr-1).

Quercetin and baicalein suppress monocrotaline-induced hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome in rats.

Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) is a rare liver disease with considerable mortality. This study is designed to observe the protection of quercetin and baicalein against monocrotaline (MCT)-induced SOS in rats and its engaged mechanism. Rats were pre-administrated with MCT (90mg/kg) to induce SOS, and 6, 30h later were orally given with quercetin and baicalein (40mg/kg) twice.

Ferulic acid prevents liver injury induced by Diosbulbin B and its mechanism.

The rhizome of Dioscorea bulbifera Linn, traditionally used to treat thyroid disease and cancer in China, is reported to induce serious liver injury during clinical practice. Diosbulbin B (DB), a diterpene lactone, has been found to be the main toxic compound in D. bulbifera.

Caffeic acid attenuated acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity by inhibiting ERK1/2-mediated early growth response-1 transcriptional activation.

Caffeic acid (CA) is a natural compound abundant in fruits, coffee and plants. This study aims to investigate the involved mechanism of the therapeutic detoxification of CA against acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity. CA (10, 30 mg/kg) was orally given to mice at 1 h after mice were pre-administrated with APAP (300 mg/kg).

Erianin inhibits high glucose-induced retinal angiogenesis via blocking ERK1/2-regulated HIF-1α-VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling pathway.

Erianin is a natural compound found in Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a serious and common microvascular complication of diabetes. This study aims to investigate the inhibitory mechanism of erianin on retinal neoangiogenesis and its contribution to the amelioration of DR.

The altered liver microRNA profile in hepatotoxicity induced by rhizome Dioscorea bulbifera in mice.

MicroRNA (miRNA) has been reported to play important roles in regulating drug-induced liver injury. Ethyl acetate extract isolated from rhizoma Dioscoreae bulbifera (EF) has been reported to induce hepatotoxicity in our previous studies. This study aims to observe the altered liver miRNA profile and its related signalling pathway involved in EF-induced hepatotoxicity.

Chlorogenic acid suppresses monocrotaline-induced sinusoidal obstruction syndrome: The potential contribution of NFκB, Egr1, Nrf2, MAPKs and PI3K signals.

Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) is a highly lethal liver disease. This study aims to observe the protection and its engaged mechanism of chlorogenic acid (CGA) against monocrotaline (MCT)-induced SOS. Results of detecting liver ascites, measuring serum transaminases, liver histological evaluation and scanning electron microscope observation all demonstrated that CGA prevented MCT-induced SOS in rats.