Soil cadmium pollution elicits sex-specific plant volatile emissions in response to insect herbivory in eastern cottonwood Populus deltoides.

Soil heavy metal pollution is a major abiotic stressor frequently encountered by plants in conjunction with other biotic stresses like insect herbivory. Yet, it remains largely unexplored how soil metal pollution and insect herbivory act together to influence emissions of plant volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which mediate multiple ecological functions and play crucial roles in atmospheric processes. Here, we assessed the individual and combined effects of soil cadium (Cd) pollution and insect herbivory by Clostera anachoreta on VOC emissions from the seedlings of eastern cottonwood Populus deltoides, and whether these effects depend on plant sex.

ECMO-assisted bilateral uniportal thoracoscopic carinal resection and reconstruction: a case report.

Background: Carinal resection and reconstruction are complex surgical procedures often necessitated by tumors or other pathologies involving the tracheobronchial junction. Traditional approaches to these surgeries are highly invasive. The advent of uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) along with the integration of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) offer potential advantages in reducing surgical trauma and improving outcomes.

The mediating role of aging attitudes between social isolation and self-neglect: a cross-sectional study of older adults living alone in rural China.

Background: Self-neglect is a significant global public health issue, compromising the health, safety, and well-being of older adults. Despite extensive research on the prevalence and risk factors of self-neglect, the underlying psychosocial mechanisms remain underexplored. Social isolation and aging attitudes have been identified as important correlates of self-neglect; however, the precise interplay between these variables, particularly the mediating role of aging attitudes, has yet to be fully examined in the context of rural older adults.

Neuronal protective effect of Artemisinin in ischemic stroke: Achieved by blocking lysine demethylase 1A-mediated demethylation of sphingosine kinase 2.

Artemisinin (ART), a natural product isolated from the traditional Chinese plant Artemisia annua L., has shown neuroprotective properties in addition to its well-established antimalarial activities. This study investigates the therapeutic effect of ART in ischemic stroke (IS) and delves into its functional mechanism.

Galvanic Cell-Stimulated Mesenchymal Stem Cell Mesh for Enhanced Pelvic Organ Prolapse Treatment.

Implantation of a mesh loaded with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a common approach for the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse (POP). The mesh provides effective support to pelvic floor, enhancing muscle contraction of pelvic organs while reducing inflammation. In this study, a fully degradable mesh is designed for the treatment of POP, utilizing MSCs stimulated by a galvanic battery-powered electric field.

Human Herpesvirus 6A Infection-Associated Acute Anterior Uveitis.

Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infection can cause ophthalmic diseases in immunocompetent patients, recipients of bone marrow transplants, and patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). This study describes the case of a healthy 37-year-old male who presented with unilateral anterior uveitis (AU), significant anterior chamber exudation, pupillary membrane closure, increased intraocular pressure, and eyelid edema. Notably, HHV-6A was the only pathogenic agent identified in the blood and aqueous humor.

Predicting the toxic side effects of drug interactions using chemical structures and protein sequences.

The study aims to address the critical issue of toxic side effects resulting from drug combinations, which can significantly increase health risks, clinical complications, and lead to drug being withdrawn from the market. A model named TSEDDI (toxic side effects of drug-drug interaction) has been developed to improve the identification of drug pairs that may induce toxicity or adverse reactions. By utilizing drug chemical structures and diverse proteins, we employ a convolutional neural network (CNN) to extract features from molecular images, enzyme proteins, transporter proteins, and target proteins.

Case report: a case of AL amyloidosis with spontaneous giant retroperitoneal hematoma.

Background: Systemic amyloidosis is a kind of clinical syndrome in which amyloid is deposited between the cells of various organs in the body, resulting in gradual failure of the function of the affected organs. Depending on the site of amyloid deposition, it may show various clinical symptoms of multiple system involvement.

Patient Concerns: A 44-years-old female with spontaneous giant retroperitoneal hematoma was admitted to the emergency department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital in Mar 2023.

Dual-Valence Copper Nanostructures with Cu/Cu Interfaces for High-Sensitivity Glucose Electrochemical Sensing.

Copper-based materials, renowned for their redox versatility and conductivity, have extensive applications in electrochemical sensing. Herein, we construct stable Cu/Cu interfaces within dual-valence copper nanostructures to achieve enhanced sensitivity in glucose sensing. By employing a hydrolysis method to tune Cu/Cu ratios precisely, we achieved an optimal electrochemical interface with heightened stability and reactivity.

Mechanism of improved cellulase production by Trichoderma reesei in water-supply solid-state fermentation.

High production cost of cellulases limits its commercial application on lignocellulose. Solid-state fermentation (SSF) has special advantages of water and energy conservation, however, the lack of free water and water loss during fermentation limits its application. In this paper, a constructed water-supply SSF was used to improve carboxymethyl cellulose activity and filter paper activity of 1.

Primary ovarian insufficiency consequence of autoimmune diseases: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Observational studies suggest the risk of primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is increased in autoimmune disorders (AIDs), but it is unclear whether there is a causal relationship. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the bidirectional causality between 20 AIDs and POI using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Methods: A bidirectional two-sample MR investigation was designed by using publicly accessible summary-level data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS).

MiR-618 suppresses the proliferation, invasion, and migration of non-small lung cancer via the JAK2/STAT3 axis.

Objective: The regulatory role of the miR-618/JAK2/STAT3 axis in non-small cell lung cancer cells (NSCLC) was investigated with the objective of identifying a target for the precise treatment of patients with NSCLC.

Methods: Initially, differential gene expression was identified in the GEO database, followed by a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. The tissue and cell levels of miR-618 were assessed using qRT-PCR, while the protein levels of JAK2 and STAT3 were determined through western blotting analysis.

Dynamic Detection of the E3-PROTAC-Target Protein Ternary Complex and Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation.

Proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) have played an important role in the development of protein-targeted degradation drugs. However, effective tools are urgently required for the further development and validation of PROTACs. We developed a high-potency reporter (AKT-PROTAC-Reporter; APR) for PROTACs that specifically targets AKT.

Cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanoparticles and Cd accumulated by Portulaca oleracea L. using a hydroponic system: Constructed wetland perspective.

To identify cadmium sulfide nanoparticles (CdS NPs) and Cd hyperaccumulators for Cd-contaminated waters. A potential species of constructed wetland plants (P. oleracea) was examined for their CdS NPs and Cd ions tolerance and accumulation.

A functional eutectogel based on ultrahigh-molecular weight polymers: Physical entanglements in deep eutectic solvent.

Eutectogels have emerged as a promising material for wearable devices due to its superior ionic conductivity, non-volatility, and low cost. Despite numerous efforts, only a limited number of polymers and gelling mechanisms have been successfully employed in the fabrication of eutectogels. In this study, an effective three-dimensional network is developed based on the entanglements of polymer chains, facilitating the formation of an entangled eutectogel.

Single-cell profiling of the amphioxus digestive tract reveals conservation of endocrine cells in chordates.

Despite their pivotal role, the evolutionary origins of vertebrate digestive systems remain enigmatic. We explored the cellular characteristics of the amphioxus () digestive tract, a model for the presumed primitive chordate digestive system, using bulk tissue companioned with single-cell RNA sequencing. Our findings reveal segmentation and a rich diversity of cell clusters, and we highlight the presence of epithelial-like, ciliated cells in the amphioxus midgut and describe three types of endocrine-like cells that secrete insulin-like, glucagon-like, and somatostatin-like peptides.

A colorimetric and ratiometric fluorescent probe of hypochlorous acid and its bio-imaging application.

A new ratiometric and colorimetric fluorescent probe HTD was synthesized based on the reaction of 4-aminophenyl boronic acid pinacol ester and 4-(3-formyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) benzonitrile. The probe exhibited a unique fluorescence response to hypochlorous acid and had good anti-interference performance in the presence of other interference. When HTD met the NaClO, the light orange fluorescence was changed to green with the blue-shifted emission wavelength from 550 to 500 nm.

Commissioning of the Varian universal interstitial cylinder system for HDR brachytherapy of gynecological cancer.

Purpose: This paper outlines the commissioning of the Varian (VMS, Varian Medical Systems, Palo Alto, CA) Universal Interstitial Cylinder (UIC) applicator set for Ir-192 HDR brachytherapy. The UIC was commissioned for use with CT and MRI and a custom phantom was designed to avoid the introduction of water-like materials into the needle guide tracks. Various marker strands were investigated to determine which allowed the most accurate reconstruction of source positions.

Rubisco packaging and stoichiometric composition of the native β-carboxysome in Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942.

Carboxysomes are anabolic bacterial microcompartments that play an essential role in CO2 fixation in cyanobacteria. This self-assembling proteinaceous organelle uses a polyhedral shell constructed by hundreds of shell protein paralogs to encapsulate the key CO2-fixing enzymes Rubisco and carbonic anhydrase. Deciphering the precise arrangement and structural organization of Rubisco enzymes within carboxysomes is crucial for understanding carboxysome formation and overall functionality.

Evi1 governs Kdm6b-mediated histone demethylation to regulate the Laptm4b-driven mTOR pathway in hematopoietic progenitor cells.

Ecotropic viral integration site 1 (EVI1/MECOM) is frequently upregulated in myeloid malignancies. Here, we present an Evi1-transgenic mouse model with inducible expression in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). Upon induction of Evi1 expression, mice displayed anemia, thrombocytopenia, lymphopenia, and erythroid and megakaryocyte dysplasia with a significant expansion of committed myeloid progenitor cells, resembling human myelodysplastic syndrome/myeloproliferative neoplasm-like (MDS/MPN-like) disease.

Contrasting Effects of Catecholate and Hydroxamate Siderophores on Molybdenite Dissolution.

Molybdenum (Mo) is essential for many enzymes but is often sequestered within minerals, rendering it not readily bioavailable. Metallophores, metabolites secreted by microorganisms and plants, promote mineral dissolution to increase the metal bioavailability. However, interactions between metallophores and Mo-bearing minerals remain unclear.

MnCoO spinel activates peroxymonosulfate for highly effective bisphenol A degradation with ultralow catalyst and persulfate usage.

Persulfates-based advanced oxidation processes are highly efficient in degrading refractory organic contaminants in wastewater. However, their practical application is often limited by the extensive consumption of catalysts and oxidants. Therefore, constructing catalysts with abundant and efficient reaction interfaces is essential for improving the efficiency of persulfate activation.

The Prognostic Value of Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index Supporting Age-Adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with First-Line Platinum-Based Chemotherapy.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the association between the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) (ie, neutrophil count × platelet count/lymphocyte count), the age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (ACCI), and overall survival (OS) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients undergoing first-line platinum-based chemotherapy (PBC), with a particular emphasis on the role of SII in supporting ACCI.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 353 cases treated between July 2013 and November 2020. Mann-Whitney -test and Kruskal-Wallis test were employed to compare parameters between high and low SII groups.