[Current application of placebo in Chinese clinical studies in past 30 years].

To analyze and discuss placebo-related information in clinical research literatures in the past 30 years, including placebo's dosage form, ingredients, preparation process and quality control. Effort were made to research the CNKI. full-text database to preliminary find 700 placebo-related clinical research literature, screen out 301 eligible articles by hand, read the literatures to extract placebo-related information and make statistics and discussions.

[Prospective study on associations between levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride and risk of ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes].

Objective: To explore associations between levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and incidence of ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes in populations.

Methods: Baseline investigations on stroke-related risk factors and physical examinations were performed in 10 093 (> 35 years) stroke-free urban community residents from 5 cities in China during May to July in 1987, follow-up investigations on stroke events were made during 1998 to 2000. The hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes in middle, high tertiles of baseline TC or TG levels were compared with low baseline tertile residents using the Cox regression model.

[Study on the relationship between hypertension management and the risk of stroke at community level].

Objective: To observe whether the community-based management for patients with hypertension can reduce the incidence of stroke.

Methods: Sample of this study included 36 863 people aged 35 years or more who came from a cohort consisting three communities from Tiantan Hospital, Puren Hospital and the Gymnasium Road Hospital in Beijing, based on the surveys on the Integrated Community Intervention Measures of Cerebro-vascular Diseases. Some patients with hypertension in this cohort were followed up and under management.

[Evaluation on a community-based intervention program among people with different risk factors of stroke].

Objective: To evaluate the effect of a long-term community-based intervention program on risk factors of stroke among people with different risk factors.

Methods: In 1987,2 geographically separated communities with 10 000 registered residents of each, were selected as either intervention or control communities in Beijing and Changsha. A cohort containing 2700 subjects at the age of 35 years or older,and free of stroke were sampled from each community.

Change in stroke incidence from a population-based intervention trial in three urban communities in China.

Stroke has been the main cause of death in most urban residents in China since the 1990s. A community-based intervention trial carried out in China aimed to reduce the incidence and mortality of stroke. In 1991, two well-matched communities each with approximately 50,000 people were selected as intervention or control communities in the urban areas of Beijing, Shanghai and Changsha.

Incidence and trends of stroke and its subtypes in China: results from three large cities.

Background And Purpose: To examine the incidence and trends of stroke and its major subtypes during the 1990s in 3 cities in China.

Methods: Stroke cases registered between 1991 to 2000 were initially identified through the stroke surveillance networks established in Beijing, Shanghai, and Changsha, and then confirmed by neurologists.

Results: The age-standardized incidence rates per 100,000 person years of overall first-ever stroke were 135.

Subtype hypertension and risk of stroke in middle-aged and older Chinese: a 10-year follow-up study.

Background And Purpose: Hypertension is the most important indicator of stroke. We aim to compare the long-term effects of the subtypes of hypertension on the risk of stroke in a Chinese cohort.

Methods: A total of 26,587 subjects > or =35 years of age and free of stroke were recruited in 5 cities in 1987.

Effects of urban community intervention on 3-year survival and recurrence after first-ever stroke.

Background And Purpose: For the past 2 decades, stroke has been a principal cause of death in China, and stroke incidence tends to increase with the increase of stroke-related risk factors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of urban community-based intervention on 3-year survival and recurrence after first-ever stroke.

Methods: Two communities with a registered population of approximately 50 000 each were selected as either intervention or control communities in Beijing during 1991 to 2000.

[Analysis of acute respiratory dysfunction as a risk factor of multiple injuries].

Objective: To study the relationship between multiple injuries and acute respiratory dysfunction (ARD).

Methods: One hundred and ten patients with multiple injuries admitted during the last 6 years were retrospectively analyzed. With ARD as the dependent variable and other 11 factors as independent variables, all analysis was done statistically on computer to identify the complication of ARD as a risk factor.

Three-dimensional phase contrast velocity mapping acquisition improves wall shear stress estimation in vivo.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and apply high-resolution three-dimensional phase contrast mapping for estimation of wall shear stress in vivo. A silicon pipe of 8 mm diameter with a 8.3 ml/s steady flow and the entrance of the carotid bifurcation in 10 young healthy volunteers aged 23.

Wall shear rates differ between the normal carotid, femoral, and brachial arteries: an in vivo MRI study.

Purpose: To investigate wall shear rates in vivo in the common carotid, brachial, and superficial femoral arteries using very high resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) phase contrast measurements.

Materials And Methods: Mean, maximum, and minimum wall shear rate and an oscillatory shear index were measured for 20 volunteers, aged 23.3 +/- 1.

[Community intervention on hypertension and stroke].

Objective: To evaluate the community-based intervention on reduction of hypertension and stroke in different age groups and subtypes hypertension.

Methods: In 6 cities, 2 geographically separated communities with a registered population about 10 000 of each were selected as either intervention or control communities. A cohort containing 2 700 subjects, 35 years or older, and free of stroke were sampled from each community.

[Evaluation of effectiveness of intervention on risk factors for cerebrovascular disease in three cities of China].

Objective: To evaluate the effects of community intervention on risk factors of cerebrovascular disease.

Methods: With cluster sampling, 2,586 and 2,723 women and men aged 35 to 74 were selected randomly as intervention cohort and control cohort, respectively, from about 300 thousand community population in Beijing, Shanghai and Changsha, during 1997 to 2000. Their blood pressure, levels of blood lipid, body mass index (BMI) were measured and status of smoking and alcohol consumption were surveyed as indices of evaluation.