Socioeconomic status moderates associations between hippocampal development and cognition in preterms.

Objective: The hippocampus plays a critical role in cognitive networks. The anterior hippocampus is vulnerable to early-life stress and socioeconomic status (SES) with alterations persisting beyond childhood. How SES modifies the relationship between early hippocampal development and cognition remains poorly understood.

Clinical and radiographic evaluation of regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) with or without concentrated growth factor (CGF) as scaffolds for non-vital immature mandibular premolars.

This study aimed to perform clinical and radiographic investigations of the effect of regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) with and without concentrated growth factor (CGF). Fifty-six non-vital and immature teeth from 56 patients were randomly categorized into two groups. Following chemical and mechanical preparation, REPs with and without CGF as a scaffold was induced in the blood clot (BLC) group and the CGF group.

Among-population variation in drought responses is consistent across life stages but not between native and non-native ranges.

Understanding how widespread species adapt to variation in abiotic conditions across their ranges is fundamental to ecology. Insight may come from studying how among-population variation (APV) in the common garden corresponds with the environmental conditions of source populations. However, there are no such studies comparing native vs non-native populations across multiple life stages.

Revealing the spatiotemporal evolution pattern and convergence law of agricultural land transfer in China.

The transfer of land plays a crucial role in revitalizing land resources, acting as a catalyst for promoting the high-quality development of agriculture. The land transfer ratio is a crucial metric for assessing the progress of rural land transfer and the effective allocation of rural land resources. Thus, this study examines the rural land transfer ratio across 30 provinces in China from 2005 to 2020.

Angiotensin-(1-7) Modulates the Warburg Effect to Alleviate Inflammation in LPS-Induced Macrophages and Septic Mice.

Purpose: Inflammation triggers a metabolic shift in macrophages from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis, a phenomenon known as the Warburg effect. This metabolic reprogramming worsens inflammation and cascades into organ damage. Angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)], a small molecule, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties.

Ang-(1-7)/Mas axis ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice via restoration of Nox4-Nrf2 redox homeostasis.

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic, progressive interstitial lung disease characterized by diffuse alveolar inflammation, fibroblast differentiation, and the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix. During the progression of PF, redox imbalance caused by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production can result in further destruction of lung tissue. At present, data on the role of NADPH oxidase-4 (Nox4)-nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) redox imbalance in PF are limited.

Relationship between time to hemostasis and outcomes of pulpotomy using iRoot BP Plus in symptomatic young permanent teeth: a prospective study.

The aim was to investigate the relationship between time to hemostasis and pulpotomy outcomes with the use of iRoot BP Plus (Innovative Bioceramics, Vancouver, Canada) for young permanent teeth of patients aged from 7 to 12 with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis and evaluate the outcomes of pulpotomy. The present study was a prospective cohort study. Two hundred and six young permanent teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis underwent pulpotomy with the use of iRoot BP Plus.

Comparative analysis of group information-guided independent component analysis and independent vector analysis for assessing brain functional network characteristics in autism spectrum disorder.

Introduction: Group information-guided independent component analysis (GIG-ICA) and independent vector analysis (IVA) are two methods that improve estimation of subject-specific independent components in neuroimaging studies. These methods have shown better performance than traditional group independent component analysis (GICA) with respect to intersubject variability (ISV).

Methods: In this study, we compared the patterns of community structure, spatial variance, and prediction performance of GIG-ICA and IVA-GL, respectively.

Iron phosphide nanocrystals as an air-stable heterogeneous catalyst for liquid-phase nitrile hydrogenation.

Iron-based heterogeneous catalysts are ideal metal catalysts owing to their abundance and low-toxicity. However, conventional iron nanoparticle catalysts exhibit extremely low activity in liquid-phase reactions and lack air stability. Previous attempts to encapsulate iron nanoparticles in shell materials toward air stability improvement were offset by the low activity of the iron nanoparticles.

Association of Pediatric Buccal Epigenetic Age Acceleration With Adverse Neonatal Brain Growth and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes Among Children Born Very Preterm With a Neonatal Infection.

Importance: Very preterm neonates (24-32 weeks' gestation) remain at a higher risk of morbidity and neurodevelopmental adversity throughout their lifespan. Because the extent of prematurity alone does not fully explain the risk of adverse neonatal brain growth or neurodevelopmental outcomes, there is a need for neonatal biomarkers to help estimate these risks in this population.

Objectives: To characterize the pediatric buccal epigenetic (PedBE) clock-a recently developed tool to measure biological aging-among very preterm neonates and to assess its association with the extent of prematurity, neonatal comorbidities, neonatal brain growth, and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 months of age.

Controlled Continuous Patterning of Spherical Stainless Steel by Multi-Axis Linkage Laser Milling.

While laser surface texturing is promising for the fabrication of planar surface microstructures, the continuously patterning with micrometer accuracy of non-planar surface on miniature parts with large curvature by laser ablation is challenging. In the present work, we demonstrate the feasibility of applying the proposed multi-axis laser milling in continuous patterning of 25 mm diameter spherical stainless steel with high uniformity and precision, based on a strategy of simultaneously adjusting the position and the posture of laser-surface interaction point for enabling the constant coincidence of laser beam with ablated surface normal. Specifically, a miniaturized five-axis platform for controlling workpiece motion with high degree-of-freedom is designed and integrated with a fixed nanosecond pulsed laser beam operating at 1064 nm.

Acquisition and evolution of enhanced mutualism-an underappreciated mechanism for invasive success?

Soil biota can determine plant invasiveness, yet biogeographical comparisons of microbial community composition and function across ranges are rare. We compared interactions between Conyza canadensis, a global plant invader, and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in 17 plant populations in each native and non-native range spanning similar climate and soil fertility gradients. We then grew seedlings in the greenhouse inoculated with AM fungi from the native range.

MRI based radiomics enhances prediction of neurodevelopmental outcome in very preterm neonates.

To predict adverse neurodevelopmental outcome of very preterm neonates. A total of 166 preterm neonates born between 24-32 weeks' gestation underwent brain MRI early in life. Radiomics features were extracted from T1- and T2- weighted images.

Ventricular Volume in Infants Born Very Preterm: Relationship with Brain Maturation and Neurodevelopment at Age 4.5 Years.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship of quantitative ventricular volume with brain maturation and neurodevelopmental outcomes at age 4.5 years in children born very preterm.

Study Design: T1-weighted imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy were performed shortly after birth (n = 212) and at term-equivalent age (TEA) (n = 194).

Hearing Instability in Children with Congenital Cytomegalovirus: Evidence and Neural Consequences.

Objective/hypothesis: Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is a common sequela of congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV), potentially exacerbating neurocognitive delay. The objectives of this study were to assess: (1) age at which SNHL in children with cCMV; (2) stimulability of the auditory system in children with cCMV following cochlear implantation (CI); and (3) whether features of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) potentially are predictive of hearing outcomes.

Methods: In this retrospective study of a prospectively acquired cohort, 123 children with cCMV who were referred for hearing loss at a single tertiary referral hospital over 20 years were compared with an unmatched comparative group of 90 children with GJB2-related deafness.

Giant axonal neuropathy (GAN) in an 8-year-old girl caused by a homozygous pathogenic splicing variant in GAN gene.

Giant axonal neuropathy (GAN) is a progressive disease that involves the peripheral and central nervous systems. This neurodegenerative disease is caused by variants in the GAN gene encoding gigaxonin, and is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Herein, we performed whole-exome sequencing on a 8-year-old child with dense, curly hair, weakness in both lower limbs, and abnormal MRI.

Motion Intent Recognition in Intelligent Lower Limb Prosthesis Using One-Dimensional Dual-Tree Complex Wavelet Transforms.

The motion intent recognition via lower limb prosthesis can be regarded as a kind of short-term action recognition, where the major issue is to explore the gait instantaneous conversion (known as transitional pattern) between each two adjacent different steady states of gait mode. Traditional intent recognition methods usually employ a set of statistical features to classify the transitional patterns. However, the statistical features of the short-term signals via the instantaneous conversion are empirically unstable, which may degrade the classification accuracy.

Generation of an iPSC line (SMCPGi001-A) from a patient with Bain type X-linked mental retardation syndrome carrying HNRNPH2 gene mutation.

Bain type X-linked mental retardation syndrome is an X-linked dominant neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by psychomotor developmental delay and intellectual disability. The rare syndrome is caused by HNRNPH2 gene mutation. In this study, the iPSC cell line (SMCPGi001-A) was acquired by Sendai virus-mediated iPSC reprogramming from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from a 1-year-old girl with de novo p.

[A case of 16p13.11 microdeletion syndrome with febrile convulsion as the main manifestation].

Objective: To explore the genetic basis for a girl with febrile convulsion as the main manifestation.

Methods: The child was subjected to whole exome sequencing (WES) and copy number variation sequencing(CNV-seq). Fluorescence quantitative PCR was carried out to validate the microdeletion in her family.

Single-Crystal Cobalt Phosphide Nanorods as a High-Performance Catalyst for Reductive Amination of Carbonyl Compounds.

The development of metal phosphide catalysts for organic synthesis is still in its early stages. Herein, we report the successful synthesis of single-crystal cobalt phosphide nanorods (CoP NRs) containing coordinatively unsaturated Co-Co active sites, which serve as a new class of air-stable, highly active, and reusable heterogeneous catalysts for the reductive amination of carbonyl compounds. The CoP NR catalyst showed high activity for the transformation of a broad range of carbonyl compounds to their corresponding primary amines using an aqueous ammonia solution or ammonium acetate as a green amination reagent at 1 bar of H pressure; these conditions are far milder than previously reported.

Establishment of an induced pluripotent stem cell line (ZJSHi001-A) from a patient with epileptic encephalopathy carrying KCNB1 Glu330Asp mutation.

Early infantile epileptic encephalopathy 26 (EE26) is a form of epileptic encephalopathy, a heterogeneous group of severe childhood-onset epilepsies characterized by refractory seizures, neurodevelopmental impairment, and poor prognosis. A recent study has shown that the KCNB1 gene mutation is associated with EE26; yet, the exact mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we produced an induced pluripotent stem cell line (iPSC) with a heterozygous variant of the KCNB1 gene (c.

Development of a Chinese Version of the State Behavioral Scale for Mechanically Ventilated Children.

Purpose: To develop a Chinese version of the State Behavioral Scale (SBS-C) and to evaluate its reliability and validity for sedation assessment in mechanically ventilated children in China.

Design And Methods: Cross-sectional survey design was used in a two-part study of mechanically ventilated children, aged 6 weeks to 6 years. A total 172 children and 145 children were recruited from Jan-Dec 2017 and Jan-Dec 2018, respectively, at a tertiary care pediatric hospital in southeast China.

A cobalt phosphide catalyst for the hydrogenation of nitriles.

The study of metal phosphide catalysts for organic synthesis is rare. We present, for the first time, a well-defined nano-cobalt phosphide (nano-CoP) that can serve as a new class of catalysts for the hydrogenation of nitriles to primary amines. While earth-abundant metal catalysts for nitrile hydrogenation generally suffer from air-instability (pyrophoricity), low activity and the need for harsh reaction conditions, nano-CoP shows both air-stability and remarkably high activity for the hydrogenation of valeronitrile with an excellent turnover number exceeding 58000, which is over 20- to 500-fold greater than that of those previously reported.

Differentiation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells into Male Germ Cells.

Infertility is defined as not being able to become pregnant or to conceive a child after one year or longer of regular unprotected intercourse. Male infertility refers to a male's inability to cause pregnancy that can result from deficiencies in semen quality, sperm concentration, or abnormal sperm function. Till now, there are few effective methods for the treatment of a couple with male infertility.

The diagnostic yield of intellectual disability: combined whole genome low-coverage sequencing and medical exome sequencing.

Background: Intellectual disability (ID) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder with a complex genetic underpinning in its etiology. Chromosome microarray (CMA) is recommended as the first-tier diagnostic test for ID due to high detection rate of copy number variation (CNV).

Methods: To identify an appropriate clinical detection scheme for ID in Han Chinese patients, whole genome low-coverage sequencing was performed as the first-tier diagnostic test, and medical exome sequencing (MES) as the second-tier diagnostic test for patients with negative results of CNVs.