Publications by authors named "Shenbo Xu"
Background: Developing medicine from scratch to governmental authorization and detecting adverse drug reactions (ADR) have barely been economical, expeditious, and risk-averse investments. The availability of large-scale observational healthcare databases and the popularity of large language models offer an unparalleled opportunity to enable automatic high-throughput drug screening for both repurposing and pharmacovigilance.
Objectives: To demonstrate a general workflow for automatic high-throughput drug screening with the following advantages: (i) the association of various exposure on diseases can be estimated; (ii) both repurposing and pharmacovigilance are integrated; (iii) accurate exposure length for each prescription is parsed from clinical texts; (iv) intrinsic relationship between drugs and diseases are removed jointly by bioinformatic mapping and large language model - ChatGPT; (v) causal-wise interpretations for incidence rate contrasts are provided.
Article Synopsis
- There is growing interest in the additional benefits of metformin, beyond its primary use for managing type 2 diabetes, including potential protective effects against cardiovascular issues, cognitive decline, and cancer.
- This study compared cancer risk in patients using metformin versus those using sulfonylureas, using a large dataset from the UK, to investigate if metformin offers any significant protective effect against cancer over a 6-year period.
- The results indicated that metformin did not significantly reduce cancer risk compared to sulfonylureas, and the analysis faced challenges including the disparity of data overlap and the issue of pre-cancer deaths affecting the outcomes.
Systematically exploring repurposing effects of antihypertensives.
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf
September 2022
With availability of voluminous sets of observational data, an empirical paradigm to screen for drug repurposing opportunities (i.e., beneficial effects of drugs on nonindicated outcomes) is feasible.
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- Plastic nanofluidic devices are crucial for biological and chemical applications but face challenges like high auto-fluorescence that interferes with detection.
- This study introduces two fabrication methods to reduce auto-fluorescence: applying a gold layer and creating ultra-thin devices.
- The gold layer effectively blocks auto-fluorescence, with specific thicknesses for different materials, while the ultra-thin approach minimizes fluorescence by using selected thicknesses for SU-8, PET, and PMMA materials.
Fabrication of PMMA nanofluidic electrochemical chips with integrated microelectrodes.
Biosens Bioelectron
October 2015
A novel method based on plasma etching was proposed for monolithically integrating planar nanochannels and microelectrodes on a poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) plate, and complete PMMA nanofluidic electrochemical chips with integrated microelectrodes were constructed by bonding with another PMMA plate containing microchannels. The fabrication sequences of nanochannels and microelectrodes were optimized. The oxygen plasma etching rate of PMMA nanochannels was studied, and the average rate was 15 nm/min under optimal conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe present in this paper a method for obtaining a low cost and high replication precision 2D (two dimensional) nanofluidic chip with a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) sheet, which uses hot embossing and a thermal bonding technique. The hot embossing process parameters were optimized by both experiments and the finite element method to improve the replication precision of the 2D nanochannels. With the optimized process parameters, 174.
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