In Vitro Assessment of Hydrolysed Collagen Fermentation Using Domestic Cat () Faecal Inocula.

The gastrointestinal microbiome has a range of roles in the host, including the production of beneficial fermentation end products such as butyrate, which are typically associated with fermentation of plant fibres. However, domestic cats are obligate carnivores and do not require carbohydrates. It has been hypothesised that in the wild, collagenous parts of prey-the so-called animal-derived fermentable substrates (ADFS) such as tendons and cartilage-may be fermented by the cat's gastrointestinal microbiome.

Development of Plant-Fungal Endophyte Associations to Suppress Phoma Stem Canker in .

Endophytic microorganisms are found within the tissues of many plants species, with some conferring several benefits to the host plant including resistance to plant diseases. In this study, two putative endophytic fungi that were previously isolated from wild seeds of , identified as and , were inoculated into cultivars of three species-, and . Both fungal endophytes were reisolated from above- and below-ground tissues of inoculated plants at four different plant-growth stages, including cotyledon, one-leaf, two-leaf, and four-leaf stages.

Voluntary Oral Ingestion of a Sedative Prior to Euthanasia with CO: Behavioural Responses of Mice.

Laboratory mice are commonly euthanised with carbon dioxide (CO); however, there is ample evidence that this gas is aversive. Previous work suggests that sedation achieved via injection with benzodiazepines prior to CO administration could reduce aversive behaviours during euthanasia. We explored the potential of using a voluntarily ingested sedative (tiletamine-zolazepam, Zoletil) prior to euthanasia.

Importance of the Farm Environment and Wildlife for Transmission of in A Pasture-Based Dairy Herd.

Cattle are an established reservoir of the foodborne bacterial pathogen . Our six-month study aimed to evaluate sources and pathways governing long-term presence of in a pasture-based dairy herd. was detected in all sample types (soil, pasture, stock drinking water, bird, rodents and cow faeces).