Hypoxia Stimulates PYGB Enzymatic Activity to Promote Glycogen Metabolism and Cholangiocarcinoma Progression.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) displays enhanced glycolysis, pivotal for fulfilling the heightened energy demands intrinsic to its malignant progression. Recent research has indicated that endogenous glycogen rather than exogenous glucose acts as the major carbon source for glycolysis, highlighting the need to better understand the regulation of glycogen homeostasis in CCA. Here, through comprehensive integrative analysis, we identified that glycogen phosphorylase brain form (PYGB), the main enzyme involved in glycogen homeostasis, was markedly upregulated in CCA tissues, serving as an independent prognostic indicator for human patients with CCA.

Comparison between Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Antegrade and Transluminal Stent Implantation in Distal Malignant Biliary Obstruction after Failed ERCP.

Background: Distal malignant biliary obstruction (DMBO) can result in obstructive jaundice. Endoscopic ultrasound- (EUS-) guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) has been an alternative for DMBO after failed ERCP.

Aim: To compare the efficacy and safety between antegrade and transluminal approaches in patients with unresectable DMBO when ERCP failed.

Feasibility of gallbladder lesion visualization using a novel ultrafine peroral cholangioscopy: A preliminary investigation.

Background: Endoscopic visualization of gallbladder lesions by the traditional peroral cholangioscopy (POCS) during the endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography process is challenging. In the present study, we evaluated the feasibility of a newly designed POCS with an ultrafine outer diameter that facilitates gallbladder visualization.

Methods: The novel POCS was designed and manufactured with an outer diameter of 7 French and achieved extremely high performance.

Lithium chloride induces apoptosis by activating endoplasmic reticulum stress in pancreatic cancer.

Lithium compounds, a classic class of metal complex medicine that target GSK 3β and are widely known as mood-stabilizer, have recently been reported as potential anti-tumor drugs. The objective of this investigation was to explore the anticancer potential of lithium chloride (LiCl) and elucidate its mode of action in pancreatic cancer cells. The MTT, colony formation, and Edu assay were used to evaluate the impact of LiCl on pancreatic cancer cell proliferation.

Single cell transcriptomic analyses implicate an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in pancreatic cancer liver metastasis.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly metastatic disease refractory to all targeted and immune therapies. However, our understanding of PDAC microenvironment especially the metastatic microenvironment is very limited partly due to the inaccessibility to metastatic tumor tissues. Here, we present the single-cell transcriptomic landscape of synchronously resected PDAC primary tumors and matched liver metastases.

A nomogram based on clinical factors to predict calendar year readmission in patients with ulcerative colitis.

Background: Readmission shortly after discharge is indicative of an increased disease severity for patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and ineffectiveness to medical therapy, which may contribute to a dismal prognosis.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore prognostic variables with a nomogram to predict unplanned UC-related readmission within 1 year after discharge.

Design: A retrospective cohort study.

Sedation Is Associated with Higher Polyp and Adenoma Detection Rates during Colonoscopy: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background And Aims: Currently sedation is a common practice in colonoscopy to reduce pain of patients and improve the operator satisfaction, whereas its impact on examination quality, especially adenoma detection rate (ADR) is still controversial. Thus, we aimed to investigate the association of sedation with ADR.

Methods: Consecutive patients receiving colonoscopy between January 2017 and January 2020 at the Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China, were collected.

A real-time interpretable artificial intelligence model for the cholangioscopic diagnosis of malignant biliary stricture (with videos).

Background And Aims: It is crucial to accurately determine malignant biliary strictures (MBSs) for early curative treatment. This study aimed to develop a real-time interpretable artificial intelligence (AI) system to predict MBSs under digital single-operator cholangioscopy (DSOC).

Methods: A novel interpretable AI system called MBSDeiT was developed consisting of 2 models to identify qualified images and then predict MBSs in real time.

Effect of Temperature and Humidity on the Allegro-inflammatory Factors and Allergic Rhinitis-related Behavior.

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an allergic disease induced by the T helper 2 (TH2) lymphocyte immune response, where its mediators are the primary cause of clinical symptoms. Environmental factors are the primary determinants of the allergic response in genetically susceptible individuals. This study investigates the effects of climate conditions (warm, cold, humid, and dry) on allergic rhinitis.

Pirfenidone-loaded exosomes derived from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells alleviate fibrosis of premetastatic niches to inhibit liver metastasis.

Given the metastasis-promoting effect of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC)-derived exosomes through activation of fibrotic premetastatic niches, targeting and intervening in premetastatic organs to inhibit distant metastasis have challenged researchers and clinicians. Herein, a self-biomimetic drug delivery system based on exosomes derived from PDAC (PF@PCCEs) was constructed to precisely deliver an antifibrotic drug (pirfenidone, PF) to fibrotic premetastatic organs. First, PDAC-derived exosomes were confirmed to remarkably promote liver fibrosis.

and its outer protein Amuc_1100 regulates tryptophan metabolism in colitis.

Dietary interventions, including dietary ingredients, nutrients and probiotics, exert anti-inflammatory effects in ulcerative colitis (UC). Our previous study showed that (), a promising probiotic, could protect against colitis the regulation of the immune response. However, whether it can restore aberrant tryptophan (Trp) metabolism during colitis remains unclear.

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Effect of Projectile Nose Shape on the Deformation and Energy Dissipation Mechanisms of the Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) Composite.

The effect of projectile nose shape on the ballistic performance of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) composite was studied through experiments and simulations. Eight projectiles such as conical, flat, hemispherical, and ogival nose projectiles were used in this study. The deformation process, failure mechanisms, and the specific energy absorption (SEA) ability were systematically investigated for analyzing the ballistic responses on the projectile and the UHMWPE composite.

Characterization of the gene family encoding metal tolerance proteins in Triticum urartu: Phylogenetic, transcriptional, and functional analyses.

Homeostasis of microelements in organisms is vital for normal metabolism. In plants, the cation diffusion facilitator (CDF) protein family, also known as metal tolerance proteins (MTPs), play critical roles in maintaining trace metal homeostasis. However, little is known about these proteins in wheat.

Development and validation of a risk prediction model and scoring system for post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis.

Background: A few models have been proposed for the prediction of the risk of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis (PEP), but many include factors that are not assessed routinely. Herein, we intend to develop and validate a predictive model for the occurrence of PEP.

Methods: Data of patients who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) from January 01, 2016 to May 16, 2019 (training set and internal test set) and from May 17, 2019 to December 25, 2019 (external test set) were retrospectively collected.

Safety and efficacy of endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy using double balloon occlusion methods: a clinical retrospective study in 36 patients with malignant gastric outlet obstruction.

Gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) is common in the late stage of many malignant tumors of the digestive system. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided gastroenterostomy (EUS-GE) is commonly used for palliative treatment of malignant GOO. The objective of this study was to investigate the safety, efficacy, and prognosis of EUS-GE in treatment of malignant GOO in Chinese patients.

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided cholecystostomy for resection of gallbladder polyps with lumen-apposing metal stent.

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the routine method to treat gallbladder polyps. Nowadays, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided cholecystostomy as a bridge for per-oral transmural endoscopic resection of gallbladder polyps is introduced because preservation of gallbladder is increasingly getting attention. The aim of our study was to evaluate the approach in the treatment of patients with gallbladder polyps and symptomatic gallstones.

Submucosal gland neoplasms of the esophagus: an update and review.

Submucosal glands (SMGs) present throughout human esophagus with clusters at either the upper third or lower third of the organ. SMGs tend to atrophy with age, and neoplasms arising in these glands are rare. In order to bring convenience to diagnosis, we summarize the histopathologic characteristics of all esophageal submucosal gland tumors (SGTs).

Thromboelastography in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Purpose: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) frequently suffer from venous thromboembolic events, and the risk of thromboembolism increases along with disease activity. This study was conducted to discover novel thrombophilic markers using thromboelastography (TEG) and to evaluate the relation between the predisposing factors and the activity of disease in Chinese patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC).

Methods: Thirty-four patients with CD, 29 patients with UC, and 53 healthy volunteers were enrolled into this study.

Regulation of E2F Transcription Factor 3 by microRNA-152 Modulates Gastric Cancer Invasion and Metastasis.

Background: The transcription factor, E2F transcription factor 3 (E2F3), has been proved to modulate metastasis in multiple human cancers. The present study was aimed to expound the function and specific mechanism of E2F3 in gastric cancer (GC) progression.

Materials And Methods: The expression of E2F3, microRNA-152 (miR-152) and PLK1 (polo-like kinase 1) in GC cell lines was detected by quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot.

Classification of the cystic duct patterns and endoscopic transpapillary cannulation of the gallbladder to prevent post-ERCP cholecystitis.

Background: Endoscopic transpapillary cannulation of the gallbladder is useful but challenging. This study aimed to investigate cystic duct anatomy patterns, which may guide cystic duct cannulation.

Methods: A total of 226 patients who underwent endoscopic transpapillary cannulation of the gallbladder were analyzed retrospectively.

Seminal vesicle metastasis after liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: A case report.

Rationale: Cancer recurrence and metastasis after liver transplantation (LT) is common in some hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. The most common sites of extrahepatic metastases are lung, regional lymph node, adrenal gland, and bone. To our knowledge, HCC metastasis to the seminal vesicle after LT has not been reported in the literature.

Risk factors for post-ERCP cholecystitis: a single-center retrospective study.

Background: The risk factors for post-ERCP cholecystitis (PEC) have not been characterized. Hence, this study aimed to identify the potential risk factors for PEC.

Methods: The medical records of 4238 patients undergoing the first ERCP in a single center from January 2012 to December 2016 were analyzed in this study.

Gene microarray analysis of the circular RNAs expression profile in human gastric cancer.

Human gastric cancer is a common malignant neoplasm of the digestive system and represents a threat to human health worldwide. The mechanisms underlying gastric cancer germination and development are not yet fully understood. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) serve crucial roles in various physiological and pathological processes, particularly cancer.

Risk factor analysis of post-ERCP cholangitis: A single-center experience.

Background: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) may have complications. Our study aimed to investigate the risk factors and prevention of post-ERCP cholangitis.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 4234 cases undergone ERCP in the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School from January 2008 to December 2013.