Identification and characterization of multiple novel viruses in fecal samples of cormorants.

Introduction: Cormorants, as protected wild animals by the State Forestry Administration of China, have a broad distribution across China. Previous studies have shown that they can be infected with multiple viruses in the , , , and families. There is limited knowledge about the other viruses that cormorants may carry and infect.

Proteolysis-targeting influenza vaccine strains induce broad-spectrum immunity and in vivo protection.

Generating effective live vaccines from intact viruses remains challenging owing to considerations of safety and immunogenicity. Approaches that can be applied in a systematic manner are needed. Here we created a library of live attenuated influenza vaccines by using diverse cellular E3 ubiquitin ligases to generate proteolysis-targeting (PROTAR) influenza A viruses.

PROTAR Vaccine 2.0 generates influenza vaccines by degrading multiple viral proteins.

Manipulating viral protein stability using the cellular ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) represents a promising approach for developing live-attenuated vaccines. The first-generation proteolysis-targeting (PROTAR) vaccine had limitations, as it incorporates proteasome-targeting degrons (PTDs) at only the terminal ends of viral proteins, potentially restricting its broad application. Here we developed the next-generation PROTAR vaccine approach, referred to as PROTAR 2.

NK Cell Exosomes Alleviate PD-L1 Expression and Facilitate Tumor Immunity by Repressing PI3K-AKT-mTOR Signaling.

Background: Liver cancer (LC) is a deadly malignancy with limited therapeutic options in recent years. Natural killer cell-derived exosomes (NK-exo), as an important bridge of information transmission between cells, also have a certain killing effect on tumor cells. On this basis, this study investigated the specific regulatory mechanism of NK-exo on LC cells.

FBXW8 suppresses PDCoV proliferation via the NPD52-dependent autophagic degradation of a viral nucleocapsid protein.

Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV), a newly discovered intestinal coronavirus, has rapidly spread among pigs worldwide and has shown the potential for cross-species infection. However, the interaction mechanism between PDCoV and the host's antiviral response is still poorly understood. In this study, an E3 ubiquitin ligase FBXW8 was explored on PDCoV proliferation.

Identification of multiple novel viruses in bar-headed goose feces from Tibet of China.

Introduction: The bar-headed goose is a typical high-altitude bird that primarily inhabits alpine lakes and wetlands in Central Asia, with a remarkable ability to adapt to high elevations. Previous studies have shown that they can be infected with parasites such as Cryptosporidium spp. At present, there were few reports on its infection with the virus.

The relationship between changes in inflammation and locomotor function in sensory phenotypes of central neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury.

Introduction: Central neuropathic pain (CNP) commonly develops in patients after spinal cord injury (SCI), causing debilitating symptoms and sensory abnormalities to mechanical and thermal stimuli. The biological variability of pain phenotypes in individuals has limited the number of positive outcomes. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the physiological processes contributing to sensory changes that develop over time.

Identification and characterization of multiple novel picornaviruses in fecal samples of bar-headed goose.

Introduction: The bar-headed goose (), one of the most well-known high-altitude birds, is renowned for its adaptation to high-altitude environments. Previous studies have shown that they can be infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza; however, there is currently limited research on other viruses in bar-headed geese.

Methods: In this study, 10 fecal samples of healthy bar-headed geese were collected, and viral metagenomics method was conducted to identify novel picornaviruses.

Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Antiviral Strategies of Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation during Coronavirus Infection.

Highly pathogenic coronaviruses have caused significant outbreaks in humans and animals, posing a serious threat to public health. The rapid global spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in millions of infections and deaths. However, the mechanisms through which coronaviruses evade a host's antiviral immune system are not well understood.

Development of a label-free photoelectrochemical immunosensor for novel astrovirus detection.

Since 2017, an infectious goose gout disease characterized by urate precipitation in viscera, mainly caused by novel goose astrovirus (GoAstV) infection, has emerged in the main goose-producing region of China. The current challenge in managing goose gout disease is largely due to the absence of a rapid and efficient detection method for the GoAstV pathogen. Notably, the potential application of immunosensors in detecting GoAstV has not yet been explored.

Highly diverse RNA viruses and phage sequences concealed within birds.

The diversity of birds in most parts of the world is very high, and thus, they may carry different types of highly differentiated and unknown viruses. Thanks to advanced sequencing technologies, studies on the diversity of bird-associated viruses have increased over the past few years. In this study, a large-scale viral metagenomics survey was performed on cloacal swabs of 2,990 birds from nine provinces of the Chinese mainland.

Three-dimensional treatment-planning-based prediction of seed migration to chest after I seed brachytherapy for hepatic malignancy.

Purpose: To develop and validate risk models incorporating clinical and/or imaging parameters based on three-dimensional treatment-planning systems (3D-TPS) to predict the occurrence of I seed migration and the number of migrated seeds <2/≥2 to the chest after brachytherapy for patients with malignant hepatic tumors.

Methods And Materials: A total of 480 patients diagnosed with malignant liver tumors receiving I seed brachytherapy from July 2010 to May 2020 were retrospectively enrolled. Variables included 3D-TPS-based CT parameters, that is, the distance from the seed to the inferior vena cava (DSI), the distance from the seed to the second hepatic portal (DSP) and the angle from the seed to the second hepatic portal (ASP), and patients' clinical characteristics, that is, the number of seed implantation procedures (NSP), the maximum number of implanted seeds one time (MAX) and laboratory parameters within 1 week before treatment.

Metagenomic survey of viral diversity obtained from feces of piglets with diarrhea.

Pigs are natural host to various zoonotic pathogens including viruses. In this study, we analyzed the viral communities in the feces of 89 piglets with diarrhea under one month old which were collected from six farms in Jiangsu Province of the Eastern China, using the unbiased virus metagenomic method. A total of 89 libraries were constructed, and 46937894 unique sequence reads were generated by Illumina sequencing.

Identification of Multiple Novel Viruses in Fecal Samples of Black-Necked Cranes Using Viral Metagenomic Methods.

The black-necked crane is the only species of crane that lives in the high-altitude region of the Tibet Plateau. At present, there is little research on viral diseases of the black-necked crane (). In this study, a viral metagenomic approach was employed to investigate the fecal virome of black-necked cranes in Saga County, Shigatse City, Tibet, China.

Metagenomic analysis of herbivorous mammalian viral communities in the Northwest Plateau.

Background: Mammals are potential hosts for many infectious diseases. However, studies on the viral communities of herbivorous mammals in the Northwest Plateau are limited. Here, we studied the viral communities of herbivorous mammals in the Northwest Plateau using virus metagenomic analysis to analyze and compare the viral community composition of seven animal species.

Women's experience of polycystic ovary syndrome management: A systematic review and meta-synthesis.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common chronic condition in women of child-bearing age. There is currently no effective treatment, so early and long-term management is essential. However, there are many problems in the practice of disease management in women with PCOS that make it difficult to achieve good outcomes.

Identification of novel anelloviruses in the blood of giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca).

In recent years, the continuous development of metagenomics has revealed that in addition to the digestive tract, some viruses are also common in mammalian blood. To explore and monitor potential novel viruses, in April 2015, a blood sample was collected from a healthy captive giant panda at the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding in Sichuan Province, China. The genomes of 25 different anelloviruses containing the complete ORF1 region have been identified.

Galactagogue Food Consumption, Perception of Insufficient Milk Supply, and Exclusive Breastfeeding in Chinese Postpartum Women: An Analysis of Repeated Measures.

Introduction: Little research has explored galactagogue food consumption in China. This study aims to investigate consumption patterns and how they relate to perceived insufficient milk supply and exclusive breastfeeding.

Methods: Data were collected from postpartum women in China at six time points: baseline demographic questionnaire before hospital discharge (T0), galactagogue food questionnaire at 1 month postpartum (T1), Hill and Humenick Lactation Scale at 6 weeks postpartum (T2), and breastfeeding practices at 1, 2, 3 and 4 months postpartum (T1, T3, T4, T5).

Comparison of viral communities in the blood, feces and various tissues of wild brown rats ().

Viral diseases caused by new outbreaks of viral infections pose a serious threat to human health. Wild brown rats (), considered one of the world's largest and most widely distributed rodents, are host to various zoonotic pathogens. To further understand the composition of the virus community in wild brown rats and explore new types of potentially pathogenic viruses, viral metagenomics was conducted to investigate blood, feces, and various tissues of wild brown rats captured from Zhenjiang, China.