Axonal mRNA localization and local translation in neurodegenerative disease.

The regulation of mRNA localization and local translation play vital roles in the maintenance of cellular structure and function. Many human neurodegenerative diseases, such as fragile X syndrome, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and spinal muscular atrophy, have been characterized by pathological changes in neuronal axons, including abnormal mRNA translation, the loss of protein expression, or abnormal axon transport. Moreover, the same protein and mRNA molecules have been associated with variable functions in different diseases due to differences in their interaction networks.

[Risk assessment of schistosomiasis transmission in Chuxiong City of Yunnan Province].

Objective: To evaluate the potential risk of schistosomiasis transmission so as to provide the evidence for formulating the control strategy.

Methods: Two villages were selected as the investigated sites in Chuxiong City and the risk of schistosomiasis transmission was evaluated by reviewing the data of schistosomiasis epidemic situation and prevention and control work, and carrying out the field survey for snail status, wild faeces, and schistosome infection of the population from 2015 to 2017.

Results: There was 1.

[Effectiveness of infectious source control after transmission control of schistosomiasis in Eryuan County of Yunnan Province].

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of infectious source control at various stages of transmission control of schistosomiasis in Eryuan County of Yunnan Province, so as to provide insights into the further monitoring and management of infectious sources of schistosomiasis.

Methods: Wenbi Village, a plateau subtype region and Qiandian Village, a mountain subtype region in Eryuan County were selected as the study areas. The species, schistosome infection and transmission capability of infectious sources were investigated in Wenbi and Qiandian villages in 2011 and 2018 and were compared.

The role of hydrogen sulfide in gastric mucosal damage.

Gastrointestinal disease is a major global threat to public health. In the past few decades, numerous studies have focuses on the application of small molecule gases in the disease treatment. Increasing evidence has shown that hydrogen sulfide (HS) has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects, and can regulate gastric mucosal blood flow in the gastric mucosa.

[ status in national schistosomiasis surveillance sites of Yunnan Province from 2015 to 2017].

Objective: To master the distribution and infection status in the national schistosomiasis surveillance sites of Yunnan Province, so as to provide the evidence for making the control and prevention measures.

Methods: The data of surveillance in the 18 national surveillance sites of Yunnan Province from 2015 to 2017 were collected and analyzed with the descriptive analysis method according to the national schistosomiasis surveillance programme.

Results: The total surveillance area was 5 710.

[Analysis of schistosomiasis endemic situation of national surveillance sites in Yunnan Province from 2005 to 2016].

Objective: To analyze the dynamic endemic situation of schistosomiasis in Yunnan Province, and evaluate the effectiveness of the prevention and control interventions.

Methods: Four schistosomiasis heavy endemic villages (each of 4 endemic counties) from 2005 to 2014 and 18 villages (each of 18 counties) in 2015 and 2016 were selected as survey sites. Then, the serological screening and etiological tests were carried out in the residents and floating population.

[Analysis of schistosomiasis endemic status of national surveillance sites in Yunnan Province, 2016].

Objective: To master the prevalence status of schistosomiasis in Yunnan Province in 2016, so as to provide the evidence for formulating the control strategy and intervention measures.

Methods: The schistosomiasis heavy-endemic villages were selected from each of 18 endemic counties as the survey sites. Then, the serological and etiological tests were carried out in the local residents and floating population, and the infection status of the livestock, field feces and snails were surveyed.

[Surveillance with sentinel mice in key water areas of schistosomiasis endemic regions in Yunnan Province, 2015].

Objective: To carry out the surveillance with sentinel mice in the key water areas of schistosomiasis endemic regions in Yunnan Province, so as to establish and perfect the surveillance and forecast system of schistosomiasis.

Methods: Six villages of three counties with schistosomiasis heavy endemic status were selected as the survey points. Then, the surveillance and forecast with the sentinel mice were carried out in the key water areas in the survey points.

[Analysis of Oncomelania hupensis status in schistosomiasis surveillance sites of Yunnan Province in 2015].

Objective: To understand the Oncomelania hupensis distribution and infection status in the schistosomiasis surveillance sites of Yunnan Province, so as to provide the evidence for making the control and prevention measures.

Methods: Eighteen administrative villages were selected as the surveillance sites where the schistosomiasis endemic was serious in 18 epidemic counties, one village for one county. The snail status was investigated with the systematic sampling and environmental sampling methods, and the infection status of the snails was detected by a microscope and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP).

[Current prevalence situation and control strategy of schistosomiasis in Yunnan Province].

Objective: To evaluate the current prevalence situation of schistosomiasis in Yunnan Province, so as to provide the evidence for making further control strategy.

Methods: The data of schistosomiasis were collected and analyzed statistically in Yunnan Province in 2014.

Results: There were 7 transmission controlled counties and 11 interrupted counties in Yunnan Province in 2014, and Oncomelania hupensis snails were not found in 5 of the 11 interrupted counties for at least 5 years.

[Monitoring of sentinel mice and risk assessment of schistosomiasis transmission in key regions of Yunnan Province in 2014].

Objective: To establish and perfect the surveillance and forecast system of schistosomiasis, and timely discover the suspicious high risk environments for preventing the human and livestock from schistosomiasis.

Methods: Eight villages of three counties were selected as survey points. Then, the surveillance and forecast of sentinel mice were carried out in the key water regions.

[Molluscicidal effect of 5% powder of niclosamide ethanolamine salt granules (NEG) in field of mountainous areas in Yunnan Province].

Objective: To evaluate the molluscicidal effect of 5% powder of niclosamide ethanolamine salt granules (NEG) in the field of mountainous areas in Yunnan Province.

Methods: The grasslands with Oncomelania hupensis snail habitats were chosen in Beideng Village, Heqing County, Yunnan Province, and were divided into 7 groups (groups of NEG 30 g/m2, NEG 40 g/m2, NEG 50 g/m2, NEG 40 g/m2 plus obstacle clearing, 50% niclosamide ethanolamine salt wettable powder (WPN) 6 g/m2, WPN 6 g/m2 plus obstacle clearing, and fresh water). The snail death rates and the densities of living snails were investigated and the results were compared in the different groups 7 d, 15 d, and 30 d after the implementation.

[Evaluation of effectiveness of comprehensive schistosomiasis control project in Yunnan Province from 2004 to 2013].

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of comprehensive schistosomiasis control project in Yunnan Province after its implementation for ten years, so as to provide the evidence for formulating the future prevention and control strategy.

Methods: The data of the schistosomiasis comprehensive control project and the endemic situation were collected and analyzed to evaluate the control effect of the project in Yunnan Province from 2004 to 2013.

Results: After the comprehensive control project implementation for ten years, the Oncomelania hupensis snail area in Yunnan Province decreased from 4,364.

[Investigation on infection sources of schistosomiasis in mountainous regions, Nanjian County, Yunnan Province].

Objective: To understand the types of schisotsome infection sources and their roles in schistosomiasis transmission in mountainous endemic regions in Yunnan Province, so as to provide the evidence for implementing the comprehensive control measures based on infection source control.

Methods: Two villages of typical mountainous regions in Nanjian County were chosen for field investigation. The Oncomelania hupensis snail status was surveyed by the methods of systematic and environmental sampling.

[Conditions of schistosomiasis laboratories at county level].

Objective: To understand the conditions of schistosomiasis laboratories at county level, so as to supply the information for diagnostic capacity building.

Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted at 40 random selected counties which were in charge of national surveillance for schistosomiasis. The information of staffs, areas of laboratories, equipment configuration and diagnostic methods from each laboratory were collected.