Comparing the impact of various exercise modalities on old adults with Alzheimer's disease: A Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Background And Purpose: The global prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the elderly is rising, and exercise is increasingly used as a non-pharmacological intervention. However, the most effective exercise modality for improving quality of life, alleviating depression, and reducing neuropsychiatric symptoms in AD patients remains unclear. This study aims to identify the optimal exercise modality for addressing these symptoms through a network meta-analysis.

PD-1 antibody camrelizumab plus apatinib and SOX as first-line treatment in patients with AFP-producing gastric or gastro-esophageal junction adenocarcinoma (CAP 06): a multi-center, single-arm, phase 2 trial.

Alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric or gastro-esophageal junction (AFP-G/GEJ) cancer, a rare gastric cancer subtype, exhibits increased angiogenesis and more immunosuppression than non-AFP-G/GEJ cancer. The potential benefits of anti-angiogenic agents and immunotherapy for this specific subtype remain unknown. This multi-center, single-arm, phase 2 trial (ClinicalTrials.

Efficacy and safety of larotrectinib in patients with TRK fusion gastrointestinal cancer.

Background: Larotrectinib is the first-in-class, highly selective TRK inhibitor with demonstrated efficacy in various TRK fusion solid tumours. We report the efficacy and safety of larotrectinib in patients with TRK fusion gastrointestinal (GI) cancer.

Methods: Patients with TRK fusion GI cancer from NAVIGATE (NCT02576431) were included.

Revealing the underestimated role of Gram-positive bacteria in iron reduction within paddy soils.

Iron reduction in paddy fields is crucial for heavy metal migration and nutrient transformation. Gram-negative iron-reducing bacteria like Geobacter and Shewanella have been widely studied due to their strong extracellular electron transfer capabilities. In contrast, Gram-positive bacteria such as Bacillus and Clostridium are often labeled as weak exoelectrogens, leading to their contributions being overlooked.

Effectiveness, safety, and patterns of use of camrelizumab in advanced esophageal cancer: an individual patient data pooled analysis of 987 patients from three prospective cohort studies.

Background And Aims: This individual patient data pooled analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness, safety, and patterns of use of camrelizumab in a large cohort of advanced esophageal cancer (AEC) patients.

Approach And Results: Adult patients (≥ 18 years) who had received camrelizumab as part of AEC treatment were pooled from three independent, prospective observational cohort studies (NCT04616040, ChiCTR1900027275, and ChiCTR2000039499). The main outcomes were patterns of camrelizumab use, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety in the overall population and specific subgroups of underrepresented patients.

Nivolumab plus chemotherapy or ipilimumab in gastroesophageal cancer: exploratory biomarker analyses of a randomized phase 3 trial.

First-line nivolumab-plus-chemotherapy demonstrated superior overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival versus chemotherapy for advanced gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma with programmed death ligand 1 combined positive score ≥ 5, meeting both primary end points of the randomized phase 3 CheckMate 649 trial. Nivolumab-plus-ipilimumab provided durable responses and higher survival rates versus chemotherapy; however, the prespecified OS significance boundary was not met. To identify biomarkers predictive of differential efficacy outcomes, post hoc exploratory analyses were performed using whole-exome sequencing and RNA sequencing.

HAT1/HDAC2 mediated ACSL4 acetylation confers radiosensitivity by inducing ferroptosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Protein acetylation modification plays important roles in various aspects of tumor progression. Ferroptosis driven by lethal lipid peroxidation is closely related to tumor development. Targeting ferroptosis has become a promising strategy.

AN IMAGE-BASED MODEL FOR ASSISTING IN DIAGNOSING MALIGNANT ESOPHAGEAL LESIONS DURING LUGOL'S CHROMOENDOSCOPIC EXAMINATION.

Introduction: Image-based diagnostic tools that aid endoscopists to biopsy putative esophageal malignant lesions are essential for ensuring the standardization and quality of Lugol's chromoendoscopy. But there's no such model available yet.

Methods: We developed a diagnostic model using endoscopic Lugol-unstained lesions (LULs) features and baseline data from 1099 individuals enrolled from a large-scale population-based ESCC screening cohort.

An integrated prognosis prediction model based on real-word clinical characteristics for immunotherapy in advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) benefit only a subset of patients in advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Our study aims to develop and validate a clinically accessible model to better identify those who may respond to ICIs.

Methods: This study enrolled advanced ESCC patients treated with ICIs at Peking University Cancer Hospital from January 14, 2016, to January 26, 2024 for the training cohort and at Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital between January 10, 2019, and July 6, 2022 for the validation cohort.

First-Line Sugemalimab Plus Chemotherapy for Advanced Gastric Cancer: The GEMSTONE-303 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Gastric cancer, including gastroesophageal junction cancer, is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide, with high mortality. Sugemalimab is a fully human anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibody. The combination of sugemalimab and chemotherapy showed promising antitumor activity and safety in a phase 1b study among patients with treatment-naive, unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma.

Exosome-loaded tannic acid-thioctic acid hydrogel enhances wound healing in coagulation disorders.

Hemophilia poses distinct challenges to wound healing, primarily due to uncontrolled bleeding and delayed tissue repair. This study explored a novel tannic acid-thioctic acid (TATA) hydrogel, enriched with exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, as a therapeutic strategy for enhancing skin wound healing in a hemophilia model. The hydrogel exhibited robust hemostatic efficacy, potent antioxidant activity, and the capacity to modulate the inflammatory microenvironment.

A phase I dose-escalation and expansion study of RMX1002, a selective E-type prostanoid receptor 4 antagonist, as monotherapy and in combination with anti-PD-1 antibody in advanced solid tumors.

RMX1002 (grapiprant) is a selective E-type prostanoid receptor 4 (EP4) antagonist and a promising candidate for cancer therapy, potentially enhancing anti-tumor immune responses. This study aimed to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and efficacy of RMX1002 as monotherapy and in combination with anti-PD-1 antibody toripalimab for advanced solid tumors. This multicenter, phase I trial enrolled patients with histologically or cytologically confirmed advanced solid tumors.

Correlation between the follicular fluid extracellular-vesicle-derived microRNAs and signaling disturbance in the oocytes of women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovaries. The quality of oocytes in PCOS patients remains poor, leading to poor pregnancy outcomes. The molecular mechanisms underlying the poor quality of oocytes in PCOS are not fully understood.

[Hydrochemical Characteristics and Origin of Centralized Groundwater Drinking Water Source in Fuyang City].

Groundwater quality is impacted by the exploitation of residential sewage and industrial and agricultural activities. Groundwater is an important source of drinking water in Fuyang City. In this study, to investigate the hydrochemical characteristics and formation mechanism of the centralized drinking water source in the Fuyang area, a total of 84 sets of groundwater samples were collected.

Artificial intelligence in gastrointestinal cancer research: Image learning advances and applications.

With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, including deep learning, large language models, and neural networks, these methodologies are increasingly being developed and integrated into cancer research. Gastrointestinal tumors are characterized by complexity and heterogeneity, posing significant challenges for early detection, diagnostic accuracy, and the development of personalized treatment strategies. The application of AI in digestive oncology has demonstrated its transformative potential.

Perioperative or postoperative adjuvant oxaliplatin with S-1 versus adjuvant oxaliplatin with capecitabine in patients with locally advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma undergoing D2 gastrectomy (RESOLVE): final report of a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial.

Background: The multicentre RESOLVE trial examined the efficacy of perioperative and postoperative S-1 and oxaliplatin (SOX) compared with postoperative capecitabine and oxaliplatin (CapOx) in gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer. Initial analyses did not encompass overall survival owing to the immature data. This paper provides an updated analysis of the survival data from the RESOLVE trial.

[Corrigendum] Morroniside protects SK‑N‑SH human neuroblastoma cells against HO‑induced damage.

Following the publication of the above article, an interested reader drew to the authors' attention that, in Fig. 2D on p. 606, which showed the results of cellular morphological experiments, two pairs of data panels were overlapping, such that data which were intended to show the results obtained under different experimental conditions may have been derived from the same original sources.

The modified heart team protocol facilitated the revascularization decision-making quality in complex coronary artery disease.

Objectives: A lack of standardization in heart team implementation potentially leads to suboptimal decision-making quality, and we previously established a modified heart team protocol to improve the decision-making quality. The present trial was to validate the effect of the modified heart team implementation protocol on improving the decision-making quality versus the conventional protocol in complex coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods: Eligible interventional cardiologists, cardiac surgeons and non-interventional cardiologists were randomly allocated to the intervention or control arm and established 12 heart teams in each arm.

Exploring the therapeutic efficacy difference in claudin18.2-targeted cell therapy revealed by single-cell sequencing.

Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR T) therapy has been successfully used to treat hematological malignancies. Nonetheless, its application to solid tumors remains challenging. Our previous analysis of the ongoing clinical trial (NCT03874897) demonstrated promising results in patients with advanced CLDN18.

Trajectories and Influences of Depression in Adolescents: A Latent Profile Transition Analysis Study.

Depression has become increasingly prevalent among adolescents, posing significant challenges for mental health professionals. While most studies on depression adopt a cross-sectional perspective or a variable-centred approach, these methods often fail to illuminate the developmental trajectories of depression in individuals. We employed Latent Profile Transition Analysis (LPTA), a person-centred approach, to analyse longitudinal data from a large adolescent sample (N = 978; M = 16.

Inhibition of LRRK2 Ameliorates Aspergillus fumigatus Keratitis by Regulating STING Signaling Pathways.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of LRRK2 in the inflammatory response to fungal keratitis (FK) and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: The protein levels of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), p-LRRK2, and stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-related proteins were assessed by western blot analysis. ELISA and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were employed to evaluate the inflammatory response induced by Aspergillus fumigatus.

Immune microenvironment spatial landscapes of tertiary lymphoid structures in gastric cancer.

Background: Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) correlate with tumour prognosis and immunotherapy responses in gastric cancer (GC) studies. However, understanding the complex and diverse immune microenvironment within TLS requires comprehensive analysis.

Methods: We examined the prognostic impact of TLS within the tumour core (TC) of 59 GC patients undergoing immunotherapy.

Structure and oxygen saturation recovery of sparse photoacoustic microscopy images by deep learning.

Photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) leverages the photoacoustic effect to provide high-resolution structural and functional imaging. However, achieving high-speed imaging with high spatial resolution remains challenging. To address this, undersampling and deep learning have emerged as common techniques to enhance imaging speed.

What helps and what hurts adolescents' sleep? An intense longitudinal ecological momentary assessment of daily facilitators and barriers of sleep on school and non-school nights.

Objective: Using an intense longitudinal design, we investigated adolescents' perceptions of everyday factors facilitating (i.e., facilitators) and hindering (i.

MELK prevents radiofrequency ablation-induced immunogenic cell death and antitumor immune response by stabilizing FABP5 in hepatocellular malignancies.

Background: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an efficient treatment with unlimited potential for liver cancer that can effectively reduce patient mortality. Understanding the biological process related with RFA treatment is important for improving treatment strategy. This study aimed to identify the critical targets for regulating the efficacy of RFA.