High-Frequency Local Field Potential Oscillations May Modulate Aggressive Behaviors in Mice.

Aggressive behavior is one of congenital social behaviors in many species, which could be promoted by social neglect or isolation in the early stages of life. Many brain regions including the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), medial amygdala (MeA) and ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) are demonstrated to relate to aggressive behavior; however, the dynamic patterns of neural activities during the occurrence of this behavior remain unclear. In this study, 21-day-old male CD-1 mice were reared in social isolation conditions and cohousing conditions for two weeks.

SIN-Like Pathway Kinases Regulate the End of Mitosis in the Methylotrophic Yeast .

The mitotic exit network (MEN) is a conserved signalling pathway essential for the termination of mitosis in the budding yeast . All MEN components are highly conserved in the methylotrophic budding yeast , except for Cdc15 kinase. Instead, we identified two essential kinases OpHcd1 and OpHcd2 () that are homologous to SpSid1 and SpCdc7, respectively, components of the septation initiation network (SIN) of the fission yeast .

Low-frequency electroencephalogram oscillations govern left-eye lateralization during anti-predatory responses in the music frog.

Visual lateralization is widespread for prey and anti-predation in numerous taxa. However, it is still unknown how the brain governs this asymmetry. In this study, we conducted behavioral and electrophysiological experiments to evaluate anti-predatory behaviors and dynamic brain activities in Emei music frogs (), to explore the potential eye bias for anti-predation and the underlying neural mechanisms.

Sex differences in vocalization are reflected by event-related potential components in the music frog.

Sex differences in vocalization have been commonly found in vocal animals. It remains unclear, however, how animals perceive and discriminate these differences. The amplitudes and latencies of event-related potentials (ERP) components can reflect the auditory processing efficiency and time course.

Dynamics of electroencephalogram oscillations underlie right-eye preferences in predatory behavior of the music frog.

Visual lateralization is a typical characteristic of many vertebrates; however, its underlying dynamic neural mechanism is unclear. In this study, predatory responses and dynamic brain activities were evaluated in the Emei music frog () to assess the potential eye preferences and their underlying dynamic neural mechanism, using behavioral and electrophysiological experiments, respectively. To do this, when the prey stimulus (live cricket and leaf as control) was moved around the frogs in both clockwise and anticlockwise directions at constant velocity, the number of predatory responses were counted and electroencephalogram (EEG) absolute power spectra for each band were measured for the telencephalon, diencephalon and mesencephalon.

Preference of spectral features in auditory processing for advertisement calls in the music frogs.

Background: Animal vocal signals encode very important information for communication during which the importance of temporal and spectral characteristics of vocalizations is always asymmetrical and species-specific. However, it is still unknown how auditory system represents this asymmetrical and species-specific patterns. In this study, auditory event related potential (ERP) changes were evaluated in the Emei music frog () to assess the differences in eliciting neural responses of both temporal and spectral features for the telencephalon, diencephalon and mesencephalon respectively.