Outdoor light at night exposure was associated with hypothyroidism in pregnant women: A national study in China.

Background: Evidence on the influence of outdoor artificial light at night (ALAN) on hypothyroidism in pregnant women is scarce. We aimed to investigate the association between outdoor ALAN exposure and hypothyroidism in pregnancy.

Methods: 81,120 pregnant women from the China Birth Cohort Study (CBCS) were analyzed, which recruited from 18 provinces and autonomous regions in China between February 2018 and December 2020.

Associations of systemic immune-inflammation index and systemic inflammation response index with maternal gestational diabetes mellitus: Evidence from a prospective birth cohort study.

Background: The role of inflammation in the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has recently become a focus of research. The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), novel indices, reflect the body's chronic immune-inflammatory state. This study aimed to investigate the associations between the SII or SIRI and GDM.

Assisted reproductive technology and the risk of birth defects mediated by multifetal pregnancy: evidence from the China Birth Cohort Study.

Background: Both assisted reproductive technology and multifetal pregnancy have been reported to be associated with an increased risk of birth defects. However, it is unclear whether multifetal pregnancy is a mediator that increases the risk of birth defects in assisted reproductive technology-conceived pregnancies.

Objective: To investigate the risk of birth defects associated with assisted reproductive technology, and to quantify the mediating effect of multifetal pregnancy between assisted reproductive technology and birth defects.

Integrated analysis of bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the impact of nicotinamide and tryptophan metabolism on glioma prognosis and immunotherapy sensitivity.

Background: Nicotinamide and tryptophan metabolism play important roles in regulating tumor synthesis metabolism and signal transduction functions. However, their comprehensive impact on the prognosis and the tumor immune microenvironment of glioma is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of nicotinamide and tryptophan metabolism with prognosis and immune status of gliomas and to develop relevant models for predicting prognosis and sensitivity to immunotherapy in gliomas.

Rethinking Scientific Summarization Evaluation: Grounding Explainable Metrics on Facet-aware Benchmark.

The summarization capabilities of pretrained and large language models (LLMs) have been widely validated in general areas, but their use in scientific corpus, which involves complex sentences and specialized knowledge, has been less assessed. This paper presents conceptual and experimental analyses of scientific summarization, highlighting the inadequacies of traditional evaluation methods, such as -gram, embedding comparison, and QA, particularly in providing explanations, grasping scientific concepts, or identifying key content. Subsequently, we introduce the Facet-aware Metric (FM), employing LLMs for advanced semantic matching to evaluate summaries based on different aspects.

Cognitive interviewing validation of the Chinese version of the neurogenic bladder symptom score.

Background: The neurogenic bladder symptom score (NBSS) has been widely used to specifically measure symptoms and consequences of neurogenic bladder (NB). The cognitive interviewing (CI) is effective in assessing item clarity and identifying key issues related to the comprehension of the instrument. We aim to translate the NBSS into Chinese and use the CI approach to explore the thought processes of patients with NB in responding the Chinese Version of the NBSS, identify and modify the factors hinder the thought processes to enhance the face validity of the NBSS.

Enantioconvergent synthesis of axially chiral amides enabled by Pd-catalyzed dynamic kinetic asymmetric aminocarbonylation.

Atropisomeric biaryls bearing carbonyl groups have attracted increasing attention due to their prevalence in diverse bioactive molecules and crucial role as efficient organo-catalysts or ligands in asymmetric transformations. However, their preparation often involves tedious multiple steps, and the direct synthesis via asymmetric carbonylation has scarcely been investigated. Herein, we report an efficient palladium-catalyzed enantioconvergent aminocarbonylation of racemic heterobiaryl triflates with amines via dynamic kinetic asymmetric transformation (DyKAT).

Synergistic Photoredox/Palladium Catalyzed Enantioconvergent Carboxylation of Racemic Heterobiaryl (Pseudo)Halides with CO.

Herein, we report a synergistic photoredox/palladium catalytic system for the efficient enantioconvergent synthesis of axially chiral esters from racemic heterobiaryl (pseudo)halides (bromides/triflates) with CO and alkyl bromides under mild conditions. A wide range of axially chiral esters were obtained in good to high yields with excellent enantioselectivities. Detailed mechanistic studies unveiled that the ratio of photocatalyst and palladium catalyst exhibited significant impact on the chemo- and enantioselectivities of the reaction.

Associations of remnant cholesterol in early pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus risk: a prospective birth cohort study.

Background: Remnant cholesterol (RC) reportedly contributes to the development of diabetes mellitus. However, evidence on the relationship between maternal RC and the risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during pregnancy is limited. This study aimed to assess the relationship between maternal RC and GDM risk during early pregnancy, and explore the potential pathways involved in the relationship between RC levels and GDM risk.

Elevated serum uric acid to creatinine ratio is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes: a prospective birth cohort study.

This study evaluated the association between maternal serum uric acid-to-creatinine ratio (SUA/SCr) in the first trimester and adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. A prospective birth cohort study was conducted between 2018 and 2021. Logistic regression models and restricted cubic splines were utilized to estimate the associations between the SUA/SCr ratio and feto-maternal pregnancy outcomes.

Application of slow-controlled release fertilizer coordinates the carbon flow in carbon-nitrogen metabolism to effect rice quality.

Slow-controlled release fertilizers are experiencing a popularity in rice cultivation due to their effectiveness in yield and quality with low environmental costs. However, the underlying mechanism by which these fertilizers regulate grain quality remains inadequately understood. This study investigated the effects of five fertilizer management practices on rice yield and quality in a two-year field experiment: CK, conventional fertilization, and four applications of slow-controlled release fertilizer (UF, urea formaldehyde; SCU, sulfur-coated urea; PCU, polymer-coated urea; BBF, controlled-release bulk blending fertilizer).

IL-23 inhibitor enhances the effects of PTEN DNA-loaded lipid nanoparticles for metastatic CRPC therapy.

Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients face challenges due to limited treatment options. About 50% of patients with mCRPC have a functional loss of phosphatase and tensin homology deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN), leading to tumor progression, metastasis, and immune suppression. Moreover, elevated IL-23 produced by myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) is found in CRPC patients, driving tumor progression.

Causal relationship between anti-inflammatory drugs and cancer: a pan-cancer study with Mendelian randomization.

Background: Numerous epidemiological studies have elucidated the intricate connection between inflammation and cancer, highlighting how sustained inflammatory responses can fuel carcinogenesis by fostering proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis, while dampening immune responses and sensitivity to chemotherapy. Previous clinical investigations have underscored the potential of anti-inflammatory medications in either preventing or mitigating tumor formation. Here, the causal relationship between anti-inflammatory drugs and cancer was further explored through Mendelian randomization studies.

Levothyroxine Treatment in Pregnant Women with Thyrotropin Levels Ranging Between 2.5 and 10 mIU/L: A Propensity Score Matched Analysis.

To clarify the association between levothyroxine (LT4) treatment and various adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with thyrotropin (TSH) levels ranging between 2.5 and 10.0 mIU/L in the first trimester, stratified according to thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) positivity and TSH level.

MiR26a reverses enzalutamide resistance in a bone-tumor targeted system with an enhanced effect on bone metastatic CRPC.

Resistance to androgen receptor (AR) inhibitors, including enzalutamide (Enz), as well as bone metastasis, are major challenges for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) treatment. In this study, we identified that miR26a can restore Enz sensitivity and inhibit bone metastatic CRPC. To achieve the highest combination effect of miR26a and Enz, we developed a cancer-targeted nano-system (Bm@PT/Enz-miR26a) using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) membrane and T140 peptide to co-deliver Enz and miR26a.

Topical Ophthalmic Liposomes Dual-Modified with Penetratin and Hyaluronic Acid for the Noninvasive Treatment of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Introduction: Since intrinsic ocular barrier limits the intraocular penetration of therapeutic protein through eye drops, repeated intravitreal injections of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents are the standard therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), which are highly invasive and may cause particular ocular complications, leading to poor patient compliance.

Methods: Using Penetratin (Pen) as the ocular penetration enhancer and hyaluronic acid (HA) as the retina-targeting ligand, a dual-modified ophthalmic liposome (Penetratin hyaluronic acid-liposome/Conbercept, PenHA-Lip/Conb) eye drop was designed to non-invasively penetrate the ocular barrier and deliver anti-VEGF therapeutic agents to the targeted intraocular tissue.

Results: PenHA-Lip effectively penetrates the ocular barrier and targets the retinal pigment epithelium via corneal and non-corneal pathways.

Effect of microwave pretreatment on pyrolysis of chili straw: thermodynamics, activation energy, and solid reaction mechanism.

In this work, chili straw (CS) was pretreated by microwave at 250 W, 406 W, 567 W, and 700 W. The pyrolysis characteristics, kinetics, thermodynamic parameters, and solid reaction mechanism were investigated. The maximum weight loss rate increases from  - 24.

Chronic cadmium exposure impairs flight behavior by dampening flight muscle carbon metabolism in bumblebees.

Cadmium pollution affects the global ecosystem because cadmium can be transferred up the food chain. The bumblebee, Bombus terrestris, is an important insect pollinator. Their foraging activity on flowers exposes them to harmful heavy metals, which damages their health and leads to massive population declines.

Efficacy and Mechanism of a Biomimetic Nanosystem Carrying Doxorubicin and an IDO Inhibitor for Treatment of Advanced Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Introduction: Chemotherapy is still the treatment of choice for advanced triple-negative breast cancer. Chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy is being tried in patients with triple-negative breast cancer. As a kind of "cold tumor", triple-negative breast cancer has a bottleneck in immunotherapy.

Is glucose pattern of OGTT associated with late-onset gestational diabetes and adverse pregnant outcomes?

Background: The heterogeneity of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) patterns during pregnancy remains unclear. This study aims to identify latent OGTT patterns in pregnant women and investigate the high-risk population for late-onset gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods: This study including 17,723 participants was conducted from 2018 to 2021.

The association between dyslipidaemia in the first trimester and adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism: a cohort study.

Background: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is linked to dyslipidaemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, the impact of dyslipidaemia on the outcome of pregnancy in SCH is unclear.

Methods: We enrolled 36,256 pregnant women and evaluated their pregnancy outcomes.