Investigating the mechanisms of peritoneal metastasis in gastric adenocarcinoma using a novel ex vivo peritoneal explant model.

Gastric adenocarcinoma, commonly known as stomach cancer, has a predilection for metastasis to the peritoneum, which portends limited survival. The peritoneal metastatic cascade remains poorly understood, and existing models fail to recapitulate key elements of the interaction between cancer cells and the peritoneal layer. To explore the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of peritoneal metastasis, we developed an ex vivo human peritoneal explant model.

Prognostic Significance of Tumour Budding and Desmoplastic Reaction in Intestinal-Type Gastric Adenocarcinoma.

. Tumour budding and desmoplastic reactions in peritumoural stroma are features of the tumour microenvironment that are associated with colorectal cancer prognosis but have not been as thoroughly examined in gastric cancer. We aimed to further characterize the prognostic role of tumour budding and desmoplastic reaction in gastric adenocarcinoma with intestinal differentiation.

What surgeons can learn from athletes: mental practice in sports and surgery.

Background: Mental practice has been successfully applied in professional sports for skills acquisition and performance enhancement. The goals of this review are to describe the literature on mental practice within sport psychology and surgery and to explore how the specific principles of mental practice can be applied to the improvement of surgical performance-both in novice and expert surgeons.

Method: The authors reviewed the sports psychology, education, and surgery literatures through Medline, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Embase.

Predictors of treatment failure for pneumatic retinopexy.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to define the overall anatomic success rate in pneumatic retinopexy and to identify morphologic features that may be predictive of treatment failure in pneumatic retinopexy.

Design And Participants: Prospective consecutive interventional case series of patients with new-onset primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachments treated with pneumatic retinopexy.

Methods: In this interventional case series, consecutive patients with new-onset primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachments were treated with pneumatic retinopexy and followed prospectively.

Waking up the next morning: surgeons' emotional reactions to adverse events.

Context: The adverse patient event is an inherent component of surgical practice, but many surgeons are unprepared for the profound emotional responses these events can evoke. This study explored surgeons' reactions to adverse events and their impact on subsequent judgement and decision making.

Methods: Using a constructivist grounded theory approach, we conducted 20 semi-structured, 60-minute interviews with surgeons across subspecialties, experience levels, and sexes to explore surgeons' recollections of reactions to adverse events.

"First, do no harm": balancing competing priorities in surgical practice.

Purpose: To explore surgeons' perceptions of the factors that influence their intraoperative decision making, and implications for professional self-regulation and patient safety.

Method: Semistructured interviews were conducted with 39 academic surgeons from various specialties at four hospitals associated with the University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine. Purposive and theoretical sampling was performed until saturation was achieved.

When bad things happen to good surgeons: reactions to adverse events.

Adverse events are, unfortunately, common components of surgical practice. Much has been done to develop safer systems to prevent these adverse events; however, there has been less focus on the surgeon experiencing these events. This article presents a framework to understand surgeons' reactions to adverse events that was derived from a more recent study as well as a review of relevant psychology literatures.