Publications by authors named "Shellie Wall"

Article Synopsis
  • Recent research indicates that enhancing photosynthesis and stomatal traits can improve crop performance, but traditional phenotyping tools are limited in their efficiency.
  • A new gas exchange chamber was developed to measure key traits in bread wheat genotypes, revealing significant variations in photosynthetic CO2 uptake and stomatal characteristics.
  • The study emphasizes the role of stomatal conductance and leaf temperature management in photosynthesis, suggesting that there is valuable genetic variability in wheat that can be utilized for future breeding efforts.
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Stomata can be distributed exclusively on the abaxial or adaxial leaf surface, but they are most commonly found on both leaf surfaces. Variations in stomatal arrangement, patterning, and the impact on photosynthesis can be measured using an infrared gas exchange system. However, when using standard gas exchange techniques, both surfaces are measured together and averaged to provide leaf-level values.

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The ability of plants to respond to changes in the environment is crucial to their survival and reproductive success. The impact of increasing the atmospheric CO2 concentration (a[CO2]), mediated by behavioral and developmental responses of stomata, on crop performance remains a concern under all climate change scenarios, with potential impacts on future food security. To identify possible beneficial traits that could be exploited for future breeding, phenotypic variation in morphological traits including stomatal size and density, as well as physiological responses and, critically, the effect of growth [CO2] on these traits, was assessed in six wheat relative accessions (including Aegilops tauschii, Triticum turgidum ssp.

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Although stomata are typically found in greater numbers on the abaxial surface, wheat flag leaves have greater densities on the adaxial surface. We determine the impact of this less common stomatal patterning on gaseous fluxes using a novel chamber that simultaneously measures both leaf surfaces. Using a combination of differential illuminations and CO concentrations at each leaf surface, we found that mesophyll cells associated with the adaxial leaf surface have a higher photosynthetic capacity than those associated with the abaxial leaf surface, which is supported by an increased stomatal conductance (driven by differences in stomatal density).

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Stomata are the primary gatekeepers for CO uptake for photosynthesis and water loss via transpiration and therefore play a central role in crop performance. Although stomatal conductance ( ) and assimilation rate () are often highly correlated, studies have demonstrated an uncoupling between and that can result in sub-optimal physiological processes in dynamic light environments. Wheat ( L.

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