The Association of Dietary Micronutrient Intake and Systemic Inflammation among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). This study sought to document how the systemic biomarkers of inflammation varied based on food choices among patients with T2DM. This cross-sectional study enrolled ambulatory patients with T2DM.

Comparing the effect of distance to treatment facility on reconstruction and breast conservation therapy for early-stage invasive ductal carcinoma between the nation and the mountain region.

Background: Our objective is to evaluate the effect of distance to facility on the use of breast conservation therapy and reconstruction for early stage breast cancer.

Methods: Utilizing the National Cancer Database, we identified females, age <65, with Stage I invasive ductal carcinoma from 2004 to 2015. Using logistic regression, we compared radiation, mastectomy, and reconstruction treatment patterns.

Comparing treatment patterns of hepatocellular carcinoma at academic centers and non-academic centers within the Mountain Region.

Background: Our objective is to explore differences in survival and treatment approaches for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) between academic centers (ACs) and non-academic centers (NACs), which may contribute to disparities in the Mountain Region (MR).

Methods: Using the National Cancer Database, HCC cases from 2004 to 2015 in the MR were divided into AC and NAC subgroups. Cox-proportional hazard regression and binary logistic regression were performed to analyze survival, compare treatment patterns, and examine the effect of facility type and surgical approach on margin status.

Enhancement of Viable Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Lipoaspirate by Buffering Tumescent with Sodium Bicarbonate.

Background: Fat grafting is a growing field within plastic surgery. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) and stromal vascular fracture (SVF) may have a role in fat graft survival. Our group previously demonstrated a detrimental effect on ASC survival by the lidocaine used in tumescent solution.

Random flap survival with hyperbaric oxygen: daily versus twice-daily treatments.

Purpose: Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO₂) therapy is used to improve the survival of compromised flaps. Compromised flaps are complications encountered postsurgically, or in traumatic degloving or avulsion injuries. Failed flaps lead to persistence of the defect, requirement of another donor site, and psychosocial sequelae.

PURA syndrome: clinical delineation and genotype-phenotype study in 32 individuals with review of published literature.

Background: De novo mutations in have recently been described to cause PURA syndrome, a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by severe intellectual disability (ID), epilepsy, feeding difficulties and neonatal hypotonia.

Objectives: To delineate the clinical spectrum of PURA syndrome and study genotype-phenotype correlations.

Methods: Diagnostic or research-based exome or Sanger sequencing was performed in individuals with ID.

Research: Testing of a Novel Portable Body Temperature Conditioner Using a Thermal Manikin.

A battery-operated active cooling/heating device was developed to maintain thermoregulation of trauma victims in austere environments while awaiting evacuation to a hospital for further treatment. The use of a thermal manikin was adopted for this study in order to simulate load testing and evaluate the performance of this novel portable active cooling/heating device for both continuous (external power source) and battery power. The performance of the portable body temperature conditioner (PBTC) was evaluated through cooling/heating fraction tests to analyze the heat transfer between a thermal manikin and circulating water blanket to show consistent performance while operating under battery power.

Tumescent Liposuction without Lidocaine.

Background: Our previous study demonstrated that lidocaine has a negative impact on adipose-derived stem cell (ASC) survival. Currently for large-volume liposuction, patients often undergo general anesthesia; therefore, lidocaine subcutaneous anesthesia is nonessential. We hypothesized that removing lidocaine from tumescent might improve stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and ASC survival from the standard tumescent with lidocaine.

Elimination of reperfusion-induced microcirculatory alterations in vivo by adipose-derived stem cell supernatant without adipose-derived stem cells.

Background: In the present study, the authors hypothesized that adipose-derived stem cells in cell culture may secrete multiple cytokines in the supernatant, which might have a significant impact in vivo on the reperfusion-induced microcirculatory alterations and endothelial dysfunction.

Methods: Fat tissue was surgically harvested from rat flanks and processed for adipose-derived stem cell isolation; cells (1 × 10(6)) were subcultured for 3, 6, 9, and 12 days without passage. The postcultivated medium was harvested with medium change every 3 days.

Targeted amino acid supplementation in diabetic foot wounds: pilot data and a review of the literature.

Background: Diabetic foot wounds are a highly morbid and costly complication of diabetes mellitus. Targeted amino acid supplementation, by increasing tissue hydroxyproline concentrations, has been implicated in improved wound outcomes in surgical incisions and chronic wounds, and after radiation injury. A major component of collagen, hydroxyproline is a surrogate marker used commonly for tissue collagen concentrations.

Lidocaine-induced ASC apoptosis (tumescent vs. local anesthesia).

Background: The purpose for the present study was to determine which anesthetic method, local anesthesia versus tumescent, is superior for liposuction in terms of adipose-derived stem cell (ASC) survival in lipoaspirate; which component, lidocaine versus lidocaine with epinephrine, in anesthetic solutions could affect ASC survival; and which mechanism, necrosis versus apoptosis, is involved in lidocaine-induced ASC death.

Methods: Human lipoaspirates were harvested using standard liposuction technique. Individuals scheduled for liposuction on bilateral body areas gave consent and were included in the study.

The effect of lipoaspirates cryopreservation on adipose-derived stem cells.

Background: Autologous fat grafting has gained popularity, particularly with the discovery of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC). The possibility of freezing lipoaspirates (LA) for later use has intriguing clinical potential. However, the effect of LA cryopreservation on ADSC is unclear.

Analysis for apoptosis and necrosis on adipocytes, stromal vascular fraction, and adipose-derived stem cells in human lipoaspirates after liposuction.

Background: Adipose-derived stem cells have become the most studied adult stem cells. The authors examined the apoptosis and necrosis rates for adipocyte, stromal vascular fraction, and adipose-derived stem cells in fresh human lipoaspirates.

Methods: Human lipoaspirate (n = 8) was harvested using a standard liposuction technique.

Nitrite attenuates ischemia-reperfusion-induced microcirculatory alterations and mitochondrial dysfunction in the microvasculature of skeletal muscle.

Background: Recently, nitrite has been rediscovered as a physiologically relevant storage reservoir of nitric oxide in blood and it can readily be converted to nitric oxide under hypoxic and acidic conditions. In this study, the authors evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of nitrite on reperfusion-induced microcirculatory alterations and mitochondrial dysfunction in the microvasculature of skeletal muscle.

Methods: The authors used a vascular pedicle isolated rat cremaster model that underwent 4 hours of warm ischemia followed by 2 hours or 17 hours of reperfusion.

High-resolution array CGH defines critical regions and candidate genes for microcephaly, abnormalities of the corpus callosum, and seizure phenotypes in patients with microdeletions of 1q43q44.

Microdeletions of 1q43q44 result in a recognizable clinical disorder characterized by moderate to severe intellectual disability (ID) with limited or no expressive speech, characteristic facial features, hand and foot anomalies, microcephaly (MIC), abnormalities (agenesis/hypogenesis) of the corpus callosum (ACC), and seizures (SZR). Critical regions have been proposed for some of the more prominent features of this disorder such as MIC and ACC, yet conflicting data have prevented precise determination of the causative genes. In this study, the largest of pure interstitial and terminal deletions of 1q43q44 to date, we characterized 22 individuals by high-resolution oligonucleotide microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization.

Optimal fluid resuscitation: timing and composition of intravenous fluids.

Background: Recent data suggest that the timing of fluid resuscitation and the type of fluid used to treat hemorrhagic shock contribute to the inflammatory response as well as cell death.

Methods: Rats were bled of 40% of their total blood volume and then resuscitated in either early or delayed fashion. Treatment was assigned randomly and consisted of lactated Ringer's solution, normal saline, bicarbonate Ringer's solution, hypertonic saline, or no resuscitation.

Effects of altered auditory feedback (AAF) on stuttering frequency during monologue speech production.

Unlabelled: The present study investigated the immediate effects of eight altered auditory feedback (AAF) parameters on stuttering frequency during monologue speech production on two occasions. One of the modern commercially available portable anti-stuttering devices, "The Pocket Speech Lab" (Casa Futura Technologies) was used in the study to produce the auditory feedback alterations. Six types of combined delayed auditory feedback (DAF) and frequency shifted auditory feedback (FAF) and two types of DAF alone were tested for eight participants aged 16-55 years, with stuttering severity ranging from mild to severe.

Extended follow-up of a randomized controlled trial of the Lidcombe Program of Early Stuttering Intervention.

Background: In the Lidcombe Program of Early Stuttering Intervention, parents present verbal contingencies for stutter-free and stuttered speech in everyday situations. A previous randomized controlled trial of the programme with preschool-age children from 2005, conducted in two public speech clinics in New Zealand, showed that the odds of attaining clinically minimal levels of stuttering 9 months after randomization were more than seven times greater for the treatment group than for the control group.

Aims: To follow up the children in the trial to determine extended long-term outcomes of the programme.

Recombinant activated protein C induces dose-dependent changes in inflammatory mediators, tissue damage, and apoptosis in in vivo rat model of sepsis.

Background: Sepsis is the tenth leading cause of death in the U.S. and creates a $16.

Pediatric feeding and swallowing problems: an interdisciplinary team approach.

In 1995, Oshawa General Hospital (now Lakeridge Health Corporation, Oshawa site) developed an interdisciplinary feeding and swallowing clinic to serve children with feeding problems. After four years, a retrospective chart review of 104 subjects was completed to assess the performance of the clinic, which consists of a pediatrician, a speech-language pathologist (S-LP), an occupational therapist (OT), and a registered dietitian (RD). Goals were set at the initial and follow-up visits.

Randomised controlled trial of the Lidcombe programme of early stuttering intervention.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of the Lidcombe programme of early stuttering intervention by comparison to a control group.

Design: A pragmatic, open plan, parallel group, randomised controlled trial with blinded outcome assessment.

Setting: Two public speech clinics in New Zealand.

The effect of shock resuscitation fluids on apoptosis.

Background: Recent data suggest that the type of resuscitation fluid used to treat hemorrhagic shock contributes to cellular dysfunction

Methods: Rats were hemorrhaged, exposed to a hypovolemic shock period for 75 minutes, and then resuscitated for 1 hour. Treatment animals were assigned randomly to lactate Ringer's solution, normal saline solution, bicarbonate Ringer's solution, hypertonic saline solution, rat plasma solution, ketone Ringer's solution, or nonresuscitation. After resuscitation, lung and liver samples were collected and evaluated for apoptosis by using ligation-mediated polymerase chain reaction.

A prospective study: growth and nutritional status of children treated with the ketogenic diet.

Objective: To assess the nutritional status of children treated with the classic and medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) ketogenic diets.

Design: A prospective, nonrandomized study design was used to measure nutrient intakes, growth, and biochemical indexes of children, age 1 to 16 years, with intractable epilepsy before and after 4 months' treatment with the classic and MCT ketogenic diets. None of the children had been on earlier dietary regimens.

Communications between catalytic sites in the protein-DNA synapse by the SfiI endonuclease.

The SfiI endonuclease is a tetrameric protein with two DNA-binding clefts. It has to bind two copies of its recognition sequence, one at each cleft, before it cleaves DNA. While SfiI binds cooperatively to two cognate sites, it binds only one non-cognate DNA molecule at a time and the resultant complex is precluded from binding cognate DNA at the vacant cleft.