Plant-Based Meat Alternatives Predicted by Theory of Planned Behavior Among Midwest Undergraduates.

Plant-based meat alternatives (PBMAs) such as the Impossible Burger imitate animal meat appearance, taste, feel, and texture. Part of their consumer appeal are the views that PBMAs are more environmentally friendly, reduce inhumane treatment of animals, and/or have preferred nutritional attributes. College-educated adults are one of the larger markets for these products.

Discovery of a Novel Mutant-Selective Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitor Using an Enabled Drug Discovery Platform.

Despite the success of first, second, and third generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for non-small cell lung cancer with classical EGFR mutations (L858R or Exon 19 deletions), disease progression occurs due to the acquisition of T790M and C797S resistance. Herein, we report a physics-based computationally driven lead identification approach that identified structurally unique imidazo[3.2-]pyrazoles as reversible and wild-type-sparing EGFR TKIs of classical mutations bearing both T790M and C797S.

Influence of Mental Model-derived Themes on the Quality of Radiological Emergency Response by HAZMAT Technicians: Insights from a Case Study.

This paper investigates the link between gaps in emergency responders' notions of mental model regarding radiation and risk and their effectiveness in responding to radiological incidents. Particularly, this work focused on exploring themes that emerged in prior work related to improper understanding and application of knowledge concepts related to radiation risks and Radiological Dispersal Device (RDD) scenarios (Leek et al., 2024b).

Health Effect of Elderly Family Planning Subsidy on Older Chinese with Only One Child.

The decades-long one-child policy in China has led to a growing number of older individuals with only one child. The Elderly Family Planning Subsidy (EFPS) policy was introduced to provide extra financial support to this group and was expanded nationwide in 2012. This study investigated the relationship between EFPS use and health among EFPS-eligible older Chinese using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Perceived Housing Problems and Depressive Symptoms Among Middle-Aged and Older Americans.

Housing insecurity has been shown to be associated with worse mental health. However, previous studies mostly examined one aspect of housing insecurity (e.g.

Mechanics and Morphology of Proliferating Cell Collectives with Self-Inhibiting Growth.

We study the dynamics of proliferating cell collectives whose microscopic constituents' growth is inhibited by macroscopic growth-induced stress. Discrete particle simulations of a growing collective show the emergence of concentric-ring patterns in cell size whose spatiotemporal structure is closely tied to the individual cell's stress response. Motivated by these observations, we derive a multiscale continuum theory whose parameters map directly to the discrete model.

Behavioral change in fruit and vegetable consumption and associated cognitive impairment among Chinese older adults.

Background: Previous research has examined how fruit and vegetable consumption may affect cognitive impairment among older adults. However, knowledge regarding the behavioral change in fruit and vegetable consumption remains limited in the Chinese older adult population. This research aimed to fill the literature gap.

Health Belief Model Predicts Likelihood of Eating Nutrient-Rich Foods among U.S. Adults.

Despite decades of messaging, most Americans still consume excess fats and sugars, but inadequate fiber, potassium, and calcium. Nutrient-rich foods (NRFs) have a high density of favorable nutrients related to calories. Choosing NRFs could lower risk of nutrition-related chronic diseases and aid in their control.

Cytoplasmic stirring by active carpets.

Large cells often rely on cytoplasmic flows for intracellular transport, maintaining homeostasis, and positioning cellular components. Understanding the mechanisms of these flows is essential for gaining insights into cell function, developmental processes, and evolutionary adaptability. Here, we focus on a class of self-organized cytoplasmic stirring mechanisms that result from fluid-structure interactions between cytoskeletal elements at the cell cortex.

Mechanics of spindle orientation in human mitotic cells is determined by pulling forces on astral microtubules and clustering of cortical dynein.

The forces that orient the spindle in human cells remain poorly understood due to a lack of direct mechanical measurements in mammalian systems. We use magnetic tweezers to measure the force on human mitotic spindles. Combining the spindle's measured resistance to rotation, the speed at which it rotates after laser ablating astral microtubules, and estimates of the number of ablated microtubules reveals that each microtubule contacting the cell cortex is subject to ∼5 pN of pulling force, suggesting that each is pulled on by an individual dynein motor.

Sexual minority identifiers and their perception of illicit drug use risks in the US: Results from a National Survey.

Purpose: This study examined the relationship between sexual identities and perception of risks associated with illicit drug use among a nationally representative sample of US adults.

Methods: We analyzed data from five waves of the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH, 2015-2019), with 205,418 adult participants. Six survey questions assessing participants' perceptions of the risks associated with illicit drug use (LSD, heroin, and cocaine) were subjected to principal component analysis.

Ageism webinars: a needs-based continuing education training for the national aging network.

To combat ageism, the National Resource Center on Nutrition and Aging (NRCNA) launched two Ageism Webinars (AWs). The study's aims were to 1) assess the effectiveness of the AWs for increasing participants' perceived familiarity (FAM) and knowledge (KNOW) and producing high behavioral intent to implement recommended action steps and quality among participants, and 2) practice equitable evaluation by ascertaining whether outcomes were fairly achieved by participants regardless of race, age, and education. A convenience sample of mostly educated non-Hispanic females with an average age of 52 years ( = 193) completed a retrospective online survey post-webinar.

Racial/ethnic/gender-Based Differences in Health Trajectories Among American Older Adults: 10-Year Longitudinal Evidence from the Health and Retirement Study.

Health disparity by race/ethnicity or gender has been well-documented. However, few researchers have examined health outcomes based on the intersection of individuals' race, ethnicity, and gender or investigated various health dimensions. Guided by an intersectionality framework, this study explores racial/ethnic/gender-based differences in trajectories of multiple health outcomes over a ten-year period among American older adults.

Who Cares for Older Adults? A Cross-National Study of Care Sources for Older Adults With Functional Limitations and Associated Determinants.

The study compared care source typologies for older adults in China and the United States. Data from the 2014 U.S.

Enabling structure-based drug discovery utilizing predicted models.

High-quality predicted structures enable structure-based approaches to an expanding number of drug discovery programs. We propose that by utilizing free energy perturbation (FEP), predicted structures can be confidently employed to achieve drug design goals. We use structure-based modeling of hERG inhibition to illustrate this value of FEP.

Interpretable neural architecture search and transfer learning for understanding CRISPR-Cas9 off-target enzymatic reactions.

Finely tuned enzymatic pathways control cellular processes, and their dysregulation can lead to disease. Developing predictive and interpretable models for these pathways is challenging because of the complexity of the pathways and of the cellular and genomic contexts. Here we introduce Elektrum, a deep learning framework that addresses these challenges with data-driven and biophysically interpretable models for determining the kinetics of biochemical systems.

Understanding Healthcare Providers' Care for Patients with Medications Treating Opioid Use Disorder in the Emergency Department: A Scoping Review.

Background: There is limited research exploring the changing clinical practices among healthcare providers (HPs) care for patients with Emergency Department (ED)-initiated Medication for Opioid Use Disorder (MOUD).

Methods: This scoping review followed the methodological framework of Arksey and O'Malley to map relevant evidence and synthesize the findings. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Scopus for related studies from inception through October 12, 2022.

Interpretable neural architecture search and transfer learning for understanding CRISPR/Cas9 off-target enzymatic reactions.

Finely-tuned enzymatic pathways control cellular processes, and their dysregulation can lead to disease. Creating predictive and interpretable models for these pathways is challenging because of the complexity of the pathways and of the cellular and genomic contexts. Here we introduce , a deep learning framework which addresses these challenges with data-driven and biophysically interpretable models for determining the kinetics of biochemical systems.

Examining the Association between Medical Marijuana Legalization and Criminal Behaviors: Evidence from a U.S. Representative Sample.

: Medical marijuana legalization (MML) has been widely implemented in the past decade. However, the debates regarding the consequences of MML persist, especially criminal behaviors. : We examined the association between MML and criminal behaviors among adults in the United States.

Clustering of cortical dynein regulates the mechanics of spindle orientation in human mitotic cells.

The forces which orient the spindle in human cells remain poorly understood due to a lack of direct mechanical measurements in mammalian systems. We use magnetic tweezers to measure the force on human mitotic spindles. Combining the spindle's measured resistance to rotation, the speed it rotates after laser ablating astral microtubules, and estimates of the number of ablated microtubules reveals that each microtubule contacting the cell cortex is subject to ~1 pN of pulling force, suggesting that each is pulled on by an individual dynein motor.

A note about convected time derivatives for flows of complex fluids.

We present a direct derivation of the typical time derivatives used in a continuum description of complex fluid flows, harnessing the principles of the kinematics of line elements. The evolution of the microstructural conformation tensor in a flow and the physical interpretation of different derivatives then follow naturally.