Use of a chromogenic medium with and without selective enrichment to screen for carbapenemase-producing (CPE) from canine and feline fecal specimens during an outbreak of NDM-5-producing .

Carbapenemase-producing (CPE) are one of the most urgent threats to human healthcare globally. Descriptions of CPE outbreaks in veterinary hospitals suggest the need for screening strategies for CPE from companion animals. Our aim was to optimize a chromogenic agar method with and without selective enrichment to isolate CPE from companion animal feces in an ongoing outbreak of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamse-5 .

Detection of Viable Streptococcus equi equi Using Propidium Monoazide Polymerase Chain Reaction.

There is debate around the clinical significance of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi detection in low numbers using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Propidium monoazide (PMA) qPCR has been used to differentiate DNA from viable and nonviable bacterial cells.

Benefits and challenges of creating veterinary antibiograms for empiric antimicrobial selection in support of antimicrobial stewardship and advancement of one-health goals.

Antibiograms are important tools for antimicrobial stewardship that are often underutilized in veterinary medicine. Antibiograms summarize cumulative antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) data for specific pathogens over a defined time period; in veterinary medicine, they are often stratified by host species and site of infection. They can aid practitioners with empiric therapy choices and assessment of antimicrobial resistance trends within a population in support of one-health goals for antimicrobial stewardship.

Risk factors for meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carriage in MRSA-exposed household pets.

Background: Household pets can carry meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) introduced to the home by their human companions. Specific factors promoting pet carriage of this pathogen have not been fully elucidated.

Objective: This study evaluated MRSA cultured from pets and the home environment in households where a human infected with MRSA had been identified, and aimed to determine potential risk factors for pet MRSA carriage.

In vitro efficacy of 0.2% and 0.4% sodium oxychlorosene against meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius.

Background: There is a need for alternative topical therapies as a consequence of the increased prevalence of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) skin infections in dogs. Sodium oxychlorosene has been used as a topical antibacterial agent in human medicine since 1955.

Objectives: To determine whether 0.

Risk factors for antimicrobial resistance among Staphylococcus isolated from pets living with a patient diagnosed with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection.

It has been suggested that pets play a critical role in the maintenance of methicillin-resistant (MR) and multidrug-resistant (MDR) Staphylococcus spp. in the household. We examined risk factors for carriage of antimicrobial-resistant coagulase-positive staphylococci, with particular attention to Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolated from pets living in households of people diagnosed with methicillin-resistant S.

Characterization of 2 carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales isolated from canine rectal swabs.

Globally, carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) cause life-threatening, hospital-acquired infections in people, and have been reported recently among veterinary patients. Organisms that produce a carbapenemase (KPC) are one of the most common CPE isolated from people but have been reported only rarely in animals. We characterized 2 KPC-producing Enterobacterales isolated from companion animal rectal swabs during the response to an outbreak caused by a strain of .

How companion animal veterinarians in the United States perceive financial constraints on antibiotic decision-making.

Background: The misuse of antibiotics is a persistent problem in both human and veterinary medicine. While complex social and behavioural factors drive inappropriate use in human medicine, less is known about factors that impact antibiotic use in companion animal medicine.

Objective: To identify the perceptions that veterinarians practicing companion animal medicine hold about the influence of financial considerations on antibiotic use.

PennDemic Simulation Framework: An Innovative Approach to Increase Student Interest and Confidence in Disasters Preparedness/Response and Interdisciplinary Teamwork.

An interdisciplinary group from two higher-education institutions in Philadelphia developed a novel framework for interprofessional education. This framework was applied to two different scenarios disease outbreak and natural disaster, which were used in simulations in 2018 and 2020. By design, these simulations included students from a broad range of disciplines, beyond the typical healthcare fields.

Risk Factors for the Acquisition of a blaNDM-5 Carbapenem-Resistant Escherichia coli in a Veterinary Hospital.

Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are an urgent antibiotic resistant threat. Only sporadic reports of CRE in companion animals have been described. Our objective was to identify risk factors associated with the acquisition of a blaNDM-5 CR-Escherichia coli strain as part of an outbreak investigation at a tertiary veterinary hospital in the United States.

Detection of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi in guttural pouch lavage samples using a loop-mediated isothermal nucleic acid amplification microfluidic device.

Background: Rapid point-of-care (POC) detection of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi (S. equi) would theoretically reduce the spread of strangles by identifying index and carrier horses.

Diagnostic clinical microbiology.

Technological advancements have changed the way clinical microbiology laboratories are detecting and identifying bacterial, viral, parasitic, and yeast/fungal pathogens. Such advancements have improved sensitivity and specificity and reduce turnaround time to reporting of clinically important results. This article discusses and reviews some traditional methodologies along with some of the technological innovations introduced into diagnostic microbiology laboratories.

SODAPOP: A Metacognitive Mnemonic Framework to Teach Antimicrobial Selection.

Mnemonics are used widely throughout medical education to help manage large amounts of information and to promote a systematic approach to complex problems. SODAPOP is a metacognitive mnemonic that offers learners a framework for veterinary clinical decision making to support optimal antimicrobial selection. SODAPOP has students consider the ource and rganism before they ecide to treat; then they consider the ntimicrobials to which the organism is susceptible with regard to contraindications in the atient; and, ultimately, the ptions are weighed and a lan is formulated.

New Delhi Metallo-β-Lactamase-5-Producing Escherichia coli in Companion Animals, United States.

We report isolation of a New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-5-producing carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli sequence type 167 from companion animals in the United States. Reports of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in companion animals are rare. We describe a unique cluster of bla-producing E.

The otic microbiota and mycobiota in a referral population of dogs in eastern USA with otitis externa.

Background: Canine otitis externa (OE) is a common inflammatory disease that is frequently complicated by secondary bacterial and/or yeast infections. The otic microbial population is more complex than appreciated by cytological methods and aerobic culture alone.

Hypothesis/objectives: Differences in bacterial and fungal populations of the external ear canal will correlate with specific cytological and culture-based definitions of bacterial and Malassezia otitis.

Global Burden of Colistin-Resistant Bacteria: Mobilized Colistin Resistance Genes Study (1980-2018).

Colistin is considered to be an antimicrobial of last-resort for the treatment of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections. The recent global dissemination of mobilized colistin resistance () genes is an urgent public health threat. An accurate estimate of the global prevalence of genes, their reservoirs and the potential pathways for human transmission are required to implement control and prevention strategies, yet such data are lacking.

Complete Genome Sequence of a Carbapenem-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolate with from a Dog in the United States.

The carbapenem resistance gene was identified in an strain isolated from a dog. We report here the complete genome sequence of this strain; the gene was present on a large IncFII multidrug-resistant plasmid. This is the first -carrying strain from an animal in the United States.

Enhancing the one health initiative by using whole genome sequencing to monitor antimicrobial resistance of animal pathogens: Vet-LIRN collaborative project with veterinary diagnostic laboratories in United States and Canada.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of bacterial pathogens is an emerging public health threat. This threat extends to pets as it also compromises our ability to treat their infections. Surveillance programs in the United States have traditionally focused on collecting data from food animals, foods, and people.

Short communication: Oral and intranasal administration of a modified-live Salmonella Dublin vaccine in dairy calves: Clinical efficacy and serologic response.

Our objectives were to evaluate the clinical efficacy of oral and intranasal administration of a commercial modified-live Salmonella Dublin vaccine in dairy calves and to determine the serologic response associated with these extralabel routes of administration. We conducted a randomized field trial with calves from a New York dairy farm following an outbreak of Salmonella Dublin. A total of 399 Holstein calves were allocated by pen to 3 treatment groups: oral vaccination, intranasal vaccination, and an unvaccinated control group.

Diversified sources for human infections by Salmonella enterica serovar newport.

Salmonella enterica Newport (S. Newport), with phylogenetic diversity feature, contributes to significant public health concerns. Our previous study suggested that S.

serovar Typhimurium isolated from the urine of a dog undergoing treatment for immune-mediated polyarthritis.

Introduction: In people, is a common agent of gastroenteritis, but it can also cause extraintestinal disease such as urinary tract infections. In addition, is often linked to the post-infection development of reactive arthritis. In canines, cases that document extraintestinal infections or diseases similar to reactive arthritis have not been thoroughly described.

Phylogroup and virulence gene association with clinical characteristics of Escherichia coli urinary tract infections from dogs and cats.

Escherichia coli isolates from infections outside the gastrointestinal tract are termed extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) and can be divided into different subpathotypes; one of these is uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC).

Checklist for One Health Epidemiological Reporting of Evidence (COHERE).

One Health is defined as the intersection and integration of knowledge regarding humans, animals, and the environment, yet as the One Health scientific literature expands, there is considerable heterogeneity of approach and quality of reporting in One Health studies. In addition, many researchers who publish such studies do not include or integrate data from all three domains of human, animal, and environmental health. This points to a critical need to unify guidelines for One Health studies.

Corrigendum: Allelic variation contributes to bacterial host specificity.

This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9754.