Determination of Anthropogenic Pollutants in Adipose Tissue of the Caspian Seal Pusa caspica Gmelin, 1788 by High-Resolution Accurate Mass Spectrometry.

Tissue contamination with persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in organisms proved possible to comprehensively characterize in a single test by combining gas chromatography and high-resolution accurate mass spectrometry. Adipose tissue samples were collected from two Caspian seals (Pusa caspica Gmelin, 1788) found dead on the Caspian Sea shore in 2020. Organochlorine pesticides, primarily DDT and HCH, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were major pollutants found in the Caspian seals.

Fingerprinting and source apportionment of dioxin contamination of soils and chicken eggs in Southeast and Central Vietnam.

Free-range chicken eggs and topsoil samples from private households in Southeast and South Central Coast of Vietnam were investigated to identify potential PCDD/F sources using Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) approach. The PMF-extracted egg congener patterns were transformed to soil patterns using bioaccumulation factors and then compared to extracted soil and known dioxin sources patterns described in the literature. Free-range chicken egg PCDD/F profiles allowed to more precisely identify and distinguish potential PCDD/F sources.

Geographical distribution of dioxins, cadmium, and mercury concentrations in reindeer liver, kidneys, and muscle in the Russian Far North.

Reindeer herding is a vitally important agricultural sector in the Russian Far North. It is believed that Northern ecosystems readily accumulate persistent pollutants because of trophic chains and climate features peculiar to the region. Reindeers graze on vast areas, and their seasonal migrations to distances of up to hundreds of kilometers in the North-South direction increase the likelihood of crossing a locally polluted area.

Novel Extract from Beetle : A Study of Composition and Antioxidant Activity.

A biologically active extract from the darkling beetle was obtained using the electro-pulse plasma dynamic extraction method. The beetle water extract contained a complex of antioxidant substances such as antioxidant enzymes and nonprotein antioxidants, as well as a complex of heat shock antistress proteins. This determines the rather high antioxidant activity of the aqueous extract of the beetle, i.

Solid phase extraction of PCDDs/PCDFs and dioxin-like PCBs from edible oils and fats.

We have studied the feasibility of solid phase extraction of PCDDs/PCDFs and dioxin-like PCBs from oils and fats as the first step of a sample preparation procedure that would not involve the chemical decomposition of the matrix. A few experimental setups using dual-layer columns packed with various brands of active carbon were tested. The use of a dual-layer microcolumn with AX-21 and Carboxen 1000 carbons for dioxins extraction from animal fats, vegetable oils and powdered milk gave satisfactory recoveries which met the European Union Commission Regulation 2017/644 criteria for dioxin analysis.

The content of dioxins and furans in soils, bottom sediments of water bodies, and tissues of small mammals near the landfill site with municipal solid wastes (Moscow, Russia).

For the first time, the levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) were characterized in the tissues of wild small mammals living in contaminated sites near a municipal solid waste landfill (Moscow, Russia). The Ural field mice Sylvaemus uralensis, the bank voles Clethrionomys glareolus, and the common shrews Sorex araneus were trapped at 1- and 5-km distances from the landfield "Salariyevo." High-resolution chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to measure the levels of 17 PCDD/Fs congeners in the animal organisms and natural objects (soils, bottom sediments).

Impact of dioxins on antipyrine metabolism in firefighters.

Antipyrine (AP) metabolism was used to assess factors associated with the activity of hepatic oxidative enzymes in firefighters. Emphasis was placed on 3-hydroxymethylantipyrine (3HMAP), the metabolite with the greatest dependence on dioxin-inducible cytochrome P4501A2 (CYP1A2) activity. AP urinary metabolites were measured by HPLC in 38 male subjects from Eastern Siberia.

Dioxins and cytogenetic status of villagers after 40 years of agent Orange application in Vietnam.

We have examined cytogenetic status of the rural population living on dioxin-contaminated territories (DCT, TCDD in soil 2.6 ng/kg) compared to the villagers of the control area (TCDD in soil 0.18 ng kg(-1)).

PCDD, PCDF, and PCB exposure in current and former firefighters from Eastern Siberia.

The current study examines whether the occupation of firefighting contributes to exposure to polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). We compared serum dioxin concentrations and congener profiles of current firefighters (n=13) with those of men who have ceased employment as firefighters (n=17) and with men employed in occupations other than firefighter (n=10). We found that compared to former or non-firefighters, current firefighters have higher levels of dioxins primarily due to the contribution of PCBs and to a lesser extent PCDFs.

Temporal trends in serum concentrations of polychlorinated dioxins, furans, and PCBs among adult women living in Chapaevsk, Russia: a longitudinal study from 2000 to 2009.

Background: The present study assessed the temporal trend in serum concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and biphenyls (PCBs) among residents of a Russian town where levels of these chemicals are elevated due to prior industrial activity.

Methods: Two serum samples were collected from eight adult women (in 2000 and 2009), and analyzed with gas chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry.

Results: The average total toxic equivalency (TEQ) decreased by 30% (from 36 to 25 pg/g lipid), and the average sum of PCB congeners decreased by 19% (from 291 to 211 ng/g lipid).

[Environmental contamination with permanent organic pollutants and human health].

The hottest points of contamination of the environment with permanent organic pollutants, including dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) have been identified in Russia. These are located in different regions of the country where DDT, PCB, and other chlorine-containing compounds have been earlier manufactured. Despite discontinuance of their production, the environment and foodstuffs show the high levels of these substances.

Contamination of Russian Baltic fish by polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans and dioxin-like biphenyls.

Nineteen species of fish products caught and produced in the Russian economic zone of the Baltic region in 2002-2005 were analyzed for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and dioxin-like biphenyls (WHO-PCBs). Freshwater fish had significantly lower PCDD/PCDFs levels than most saltwater fish, except cod's fillet for which TEQ was comparable. In some cases pollutant levels of sea fish tissues essentially exceeded current regulatory values.

[Markers of impact and effects of dioxines in firemen who participated in fire extinguishing at "Irkutskcabel" plant].

The article contains data tracing connection between CYP1A2 activity, dioxines level and dioxine-sensitive genes expression in firemen who participated in fire extinguishing at cabel plant.