Understanding patient journey in ulcerative colitis prior to biologic initiation: a 5-year exploration.

Background: There has been a more pronounced shift toward earlier, more aggressive therapies in Crohn's disease than in ulcerative colitis (UC). The aim of this study was to describe the pre-biologic treatment and health care experience, including co-morbidities and overall health care utilization, for UC patients who initiated biologic therapies, in the 5 years prior to the initiation of the first biologic agent.

Methods: UC patients who initiated a biologic agent approved for UC between 9/15/2005 and 1/30/2018 were identified from the IBM® MarketScan® Commercial Database, a large US database.

Opioid Use in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background: Data on opioid use in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and the relationship between disease, opioid use, and healthcare resource utilization are needed.

Methods: This analysis of real-world data from IBM Watson Health Commercial Claims and Encounters Database included patients with the first claim of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) between 2007 and 2014.

Results: Opioid use was higher in patients with IBD than in the matched non-IBD cohort.

Prevalence of Chronic Metoclopramide Use and Associated Diagnoses in the US Pediatric Population.

Objective: Metoclopramide is the only medication widely used to promote gastrointestinal motility in the USA. Despite its appreciable risk of central nervous system complications, it continues to be prescribed to children for chronic use. We sought to estimate the prevalence of chronic metoclopramide use among US children and identify the diagnoses that may have prompted this use.

Exploring the physiologic role of human gastroesophageal reflux by analyzing time-series data from 24-h gastric and esophageal pH recordings.

Our previous finding of a fractal pattern for gastric pH and esophageal pH plus the statistical association of sequential pH values for up to 2 h led to our hypothesis that the fractal pattern encodes information regarding gastric acidity and that depending on the value of gastric acidity, the esophagus can signal the stomach to alter gastric acidity by influencing gastric secretion of acid or bicarbonate. Under our hypothesis values of gastric pH should provide information regarding values of esophageal pH and vice versa. We used vector autoregression, a theory-free set of inter-related linear regressions used to measure relationships that can change over time, to analyze data from 24-h recordings of gastric pH and esophageal pH.

Maintenance of efficacy and safety of rabeprazole in children with endoscopically proven GERD.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate 24-week maintenance of efficacy and safety of rabeprazole in children with endoscopically proven gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Methods: Children ages 1 to 11 years who achieved endoscopic/histologic healing (defined as grade 0 of the Hetzel-Dent Classification scale and/or grade 0 of the Histological Features of Reflux Esophagitis scale) in a 12-week treatment phase were continued on the same dose for an additional 24 weeks during the maintenance phase. The dose was determined by weight: children weighing 6 to 14.

Safety and efficacy of delayed release rabeprazole in 1- to 11-month-old infants with symptomatic GERD.

Aim: : The efficacy and safety of rabeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, were studied in infants with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Methods: Infants ages 1 to 11 months, with symptomatic GERD resistant to conservative therapy and/or previous exposure to acid-suppressive medications, were screened. After scoring >16 on a GERD symptom score (Infant Gastroesophageal Reflux Questionnaire-Revised [I-GERQ]), 344 infants were enrolled in a 1- to 3-week open-label (OL) phase and received rabeprazole 10 mg/day.

Efficacy and safety of rabeprazole in children (1-11 years) with gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Objective: Evaluate the efficacy and safety of rabeprazole in children, 1 to 11 years old, with endoscopically/histologically proven gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Methods: Children were randomized to 0.5- or 1.

Normal and proton pump inhibitor-mediated gastrin levels in infants 1 to 11 months old.

Background: Scant data exist on the normal range of serum gastrin in infants. In phase I and III trials of rabeprazole in gastroesophageal reflux disease, we studied serum gastrin levels in infants 1 to 11 months old, and assessed normal ranges and the effect of acid-suppressive drugs.

Methods: Overall, 349 treatment-naïve or treatment-experienced (previously exposed to proton pump inhibitors and/or H2-receptor antagonists) infants with gastroesophageal reflux disease were screened for baseline serum gastrin.

Time esophageal pH < 4 overestimates the prevalence of pathologic esophageal reflux in subjects with gastroesophageal reflux disease treated with proton pump inhibitors.

Background: A Stanford University study reported that in asymptomatic GERD patients who were being treated with a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), 50% had pathologic esophageal acid exposure.

Aim: We considered the possibility that the high prevalence of pathologic esophageal reflux might simply have resulted from calculating acidity as time pH < 4.

Methods: We calculated integrated acidity and time pH < 4 from the 49 recordings of 24-hour gastric and esophageal pH from the Stanford study as well as from another study of 57 GERD subjects, 26 of whom were treated for 8 days with 20 mg omeprazole or 20 mg rabeprazole in a 2-way crossover fashion.

Efficacy of rabeprazole in the treatment of symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease.

The purpose of this study was to assess the rapidity of symptom relief and 4-week efficacy of rabeprazole 20 mg in patients with moderately severe nonerosive gastroesophageal reflux disease. Data were analyzed from 2 similarly designed, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, U.S.

Reductions in symptom distress reported by patients with moderately severe, nonerosive gastroesophageal reflux disease treated with rabeprazole.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is characterized by heartburn and related symptoms that are distressing to patients and interfere with everyday functioning and well-being. A measure of symptom distress, the GERD Symptom Assessment Scale (GSAS), was included in two randomized, placebo-controlled trials of rabeprazole among patients with nonerosive GERD. The age (mean +/- SD) of the 223 patients was 43.

Rabeprazole-based therapy in the management of symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is associated with several symptoms, such as heartburn, belching, and regurgitation, which arise from esophageal exposure to gastric acid. Symptoms may occur in the absence of endoscopically observed esophageal mucosal damage and inflammation. These patients represent the majority of those who present with GERD symptoms.

Impact of proton pump inhibitor utilization patterns on gastroesophageal reflux disease-related costs.

Objective: To determine proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment patterns and their effect on costs related to gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Methods: This study used claims data to identify continuously enrolled subjects diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and newly treated with a PPI between Oct. 1, 1999 and March 31, 2000.

Rabeprazole in nonerosive gastroesophageal reflux disease: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.

Objectives: Clinical results to date suggest that antisecretory therapy may be less effective in providing symptom relief for patients with nonerosive gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) than for patients with erosive disease. This study was carried out to assess the efficacy and rapidity of once-daily rabeprazole (10 mg or 20 mg) in relieving symptoms in endoscopically negative patients with moderately severe GERD symptoms and to evaluate the safety of these doses over 4 wk.

Methods: This placebo-controlled, double blind study enrolled 203 men and women with moderately severe symptoms of GERD.

Quality of life in a US national sample of adults with diabetes and motility-related upper gastrointestinal symptoms.

Our objective was to describe the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of individuals with diabetes with and without motility-related upper gastrointestinal symptoms compared to individuals without diabetes. A total of 483 individuals with diabetes and 422 age- and gender-matched nondiabetic controls were recruited from a prior US national health survey for a telephone interview on upper gastrointestinal symptoms. Individuals with diabetes self-reported a physician's diagnosis of diabetes and provided confirming information on clinical management measures.