Community crime, poverty, and proportion of Black residents influence police descriptions of adolescents.

Objective: Our study examined officers' attitudes and perceptions of adolescents in general (and challenges in policing adolescents) and the degree to which community variables affect those perceptions.

Hypotheses: Our examinations of officers' descriptions of adolescents and challenges in policing adolescents were exploratory. We hypothesized that community characteristics would significantly influence officers' perceptions of adolescents, such that working in more impoverished, higher crime, and more proportionally Black communities would be associated with more negative perceptions of adolescents.

Comparison of Two Waves of COVID-19 in Critically Ill Patients: A Retrospective Observational Study.

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 virus caused the global COVID-19 pandemic, with waxing and waning course. This study was conducted to compare outcomes in the first two waves, in mechanically ventilated patients.

Methods: This retrospective observational study included all mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients above 18 years of age, between March 2020 and January 2021.

Central diabetes insipidus after total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophrectomy: A case report.

Postoperative polyuria due to diabetes insipidus (DI) is commonly reported complication of pituitary surgery. However, central DI postabdominal surgery is rare and related to unmasking of pre-existing DI or prolonged surgery with significant intraoperative blood loss. A thorough workup needs to be performed to exclude central DI in such patients.

Bilateral renal infarction with COVID-19 pneumonia: a case report.

Acute renal infarction is a rare and often underdiagnosed condition with estimated incidence of 0.5-1.5%.

Tofacitinib-Induced Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies (ANCA)-Associated Vasculitis With Crescentic Glomerulonephritis.

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) vasculitis is common after the age of 50 years but it can occur at any age. There is a slight male preponderance and it is more common in Whites than Blacks but the black race confers a worse prognosis. The clinical features of ANCA vasculitis vary considerably.

Minimal Change Disease After Elective Surgical Abortion: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND Pregnancy causes a physiological increase in renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate, which leads to a transient increase in urinary protein excretion. Up to 300 mg/d proteinuria is known to occur in pregnancy due to physiological changes. Proteinuria of greater than 3 g/d is categorized as being within the nephrotic range, and the most common cause of nephrotic range proteinuria in the later stages of pregnancy is preeclampsia.

Preeclampsia, HELLP Syndrome, and Postpartum Renal Failure with Thin Basement Membrane Nephropathy: Case Report and a Brief Review of Postpartum Renal Failure.

A 36-year-old primigravida female from a birthing center was referred for elevated blood pressure to the hospital two days after normal spontaneous vaginal delivery with nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. During this two-day period, she was experiencing persistent vaginal bleeding and lower abdominal pains for which she took six doses of 600 mg ibuprofen. Further laboratory evaluation reflected leukocytosis, anemia, thrombocytopenia, elevation of liver enzymes, and renal failure with hyperkalemia requiring emergent hemodialysis once in the Medical Intensive Care Unit (MICU).

Nontraumatic Exertional Rhabdomyolysis Leading to Acute Kidney Injury in a Sickle Trait Positive Individual on Renal Biopsy.

A 26-year-old African American male with a history of congenital cerebral palsy, sickle cell trait, and intellectual disability presented with abdominal pain that started four hours prior to the hospital visit. The patient denied fever, chills, diarrhea, or any localized trauma. The patient was at a party at his community center last evening and danced for 2 hours, physically exerting himself more than usual.

Diabetic Muscle Infarction Masquerading as Necrotizing Fasciitis.

A 43-year-old male patient with past medical history of diabetes mellitus (DM), end stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis (HD), congestive heart failure (CHF), obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and chronic anemia presented with complaints of left thigh pain. A computerized tomogram (CT) of the thigh revealed evidence of edema with no evidence of a focal collection or gas formation noted. The patient's clinical symptoms persisted and he underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of his thigh which was reported to show small areas of muscle necrosis with fluid collection.

Nephrologists Hate the Dialysis Catheters: A Systemic Review of Dialysis Catheter Associated Infective Endocarditis.

A 53-year-old Egyptian female with end stage renal disease, one month after start of hemodialysis via an internal jugular catheter, presented with fever and shortness of breath. She developed desquamating vesiculobullous lesions, widespread on her body. She was in profound septic shock and broad spectrum antibiotics were started with appropriate fluid replenishment.

A Rare Case of Central Pontine Myelinolysis in Overcorrection of Hyponatremia with Total Parenteral Nutrition in Pregnancy.

A 42-year-old high risk pregnant female presented with hyponatremia from multiple causes and was treated with total parenteral nutrition. She developed acute hypernatremia due to the stage of pregnancy and other comorbidities. All the mechanisms of hyponatremia and hypernatremia were summarized here in our case report.

Gun Violence Restraining Orders: Alternative or Adjunct to Mental Health-Based Restrictions on Firearms?

The gun violence restraining order (GVRO) is a new tool for preventing gun violence. Unlike traditional approaches to prohibiting gun purchase and possession, which rely on a high threshold (adjudication by criminal justice or mental health systems) before intervening, the GVRO allows family members and intimate partners who observe a relative's dangerous behavior and believe it may be a precursor to violence to request a GVRO through the civil justice system. Once issued by the court, a GVRO authorizes law enforcement to remove any guns in the respondent's possession and prohibits the respondent from purchasing new guns.

A case of peritoneal TB causing renal failure in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis and initial negative PPD after treatment with infliximab.

Opportunistic infection and reactivation of latent infection has been reported with use of monoclonal TNF alpha antibodies used for treatment of severe rheumatoid arthritis. We present a case of peritoneal tuberculosis (TB) causing renal failure secondary to ureteral constriction in a patient who had been treated with infliximab for rheumatoid arthritis. We suggest that physicians should be aware of the increased risk of false negative and false positive TST and IGRA among patients treated with monoclonal TNF alpha antibodies and should regularly look for usual and unusual symptoms of TB in this patient population.

Unpredictable nature of tolvaptan in treatment of hypervolemic hyponatremia: case review on role of vaptans.

Hyponatremia is one of the most commonly encountered electrolyte abnormalities occurring in up to 22% of hospitalized patients. Hyponatremia usually reflects excess water retention relative to sodium rather than sodium deficiency. Volume status and serum osmolality are essential to determine etiology.

Superior vena cava and right atrium wall infective endocarditis in patients receiving hemodialysis.

Infective endocarditis is significantly more common and causes greater morbidity and mortality in patients receiving hemodialysis than in the general population. Episodes of bacteremia during hemodialysis are primarily the result of frequent vascular access through an arteriovenous fistula, a vascular graft, or an indwelling vascular catheter. This leads to dialysis access infection and secondary bacteremia.

Rare association of immunoglobulin A nephropathy and lymphedema-distichiasis syndrome.

Immunoglobulin A nephropathy is the most common primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. The pathogenesis is still unknown and newer treatments are being researched. Rarely, it can be associated with other disorders.

State of security at US colleges and universities: a national stakeholder assessment and recommendations.

In 2004 the US Department of Justice, Office of Community Oriented Policing Services, sponsored a National Summit on Campus Public Safety. The summit brought together various stakeholders including campus police and security officials, local police chiefs, college and university faculty and administrators, federal officials, students and parents, and community leaders to address the issues and complexities of campus safety. Delegates to the summit identified key issues in campus safety and security, which included establishing a national center on campus safety, balancing traditional open environments with the need to secure vulnerable sites, improving coordination with state and local police, reducing internal fragmentation, elevating professionalism, and increasing eligibility of campus police and security agencies to compete for federal law enforcement funds.