Graphene Fermi Level-Guided Attachment of Single Exoelectrogens and Induced Interfacial Doping.

Graphene's exceptional electronic and mechanical properties make it a promising material for bioelectronic applications; however, understanding its interaction with electrogenic bacteria is crucial to harness its full potential. This study investigates the interface between electrogenic bacteria and graphene with Raman spectroscopy by analyzing the distinctive spectral fingerprints to understand electron energy and distribution via this non-destructive and label-free method. We find that the presence of bacteria induces a distinct red-shift in the G peak positions of graphene, indicating electron doping.