Outcome Assessment of Teeth with Necrotic Pulps and Apical Periodontitis Treated with Long-term Calcium Hydroxide.

Introduction: The aim of this retrospective, cohort case series was 2-fold: (1) to evaluate the outcomes of teeth with necrotic pulps and apical periodontitis using long-term calcium hydroxide (Ca[OH]) (healing was assessed via the periapical index [PAI] system) and (2) to explore the possible association of fractures in relation to long term Ca(OH) exposure.

Methods: A total of 242 cases, diagnosed with pulpal necrosis and apical periodontitis, were treated with long-term Ca(OH) using a standardized protocol. Injectable and powdered Ca(OH) were placed sequentially in the root canal system.