Connecting endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stress to retinal degeneration, TBI, and traumatic optic neuropathy.

Traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) is commonly associated with head trauma, and thus is a known comorbidity of traumatic brain injury (TBI). TON has not received much attention in basic research despite being associated with permanent vision loss, color blindness, and loss of visual fields. This mini-review discusses the importance of studying TON in the context of TBI and mechanisms that may be involved in the ongoing optic nerve degeneration of TON.

Greater neurodegeneration and behavioral deficits after single closed head traumatic brain injury in adolescent versus adult male mice.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health concern affecting 2.8 million people per year in the United States, of whom about 1 million are children under 19 years old. Animal models of TBI have been developed and used in multiple ages of animals, but direct comparisons of adult and adolescent populations are rare.