Diabetic Foot Assessment and Care: Barriers and Facilitators in a Cross-Sectional Study in Bangalore, India.

(1) Background: This cross-sectional study aims to highlight the assessment and foot care practices in an advanced clinical setting, the clinical characteristics of the patients, and to understand the barriers and facilitators for effective foot care from the perspectives of healthcare practices, resources, and patients' socioeconomic and cultural practices, and other aspects in terms of new technologies for effective foot care such as infrared thermography. (2) Methods: Clinical test data from 158 diabetic patients and a questionnaire to assess the foot care education retention rate were collected at the Karnataka Institute of Endocrinology and Research (KIER) facility. (3) Results: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) were found in 6% of the examined individuals.

Cardiac autonomic dysfunctions in type 2 diabetes mellitus: an investigative study with heart rate variability measures.

Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a common yet underdiagnosed complication of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Heart rate variability (HRV), a sensitive diagnostic marker of cardiovascular risk, could help detect CAN at its earliest stage. However, the progression of CAN based on age and disease duration in T2DM is lacking.

Evaluation of mechanisms of action of re-purposed drugs for treatment of COVID-19.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global health emergency caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The rapid worldwide spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection has necessitated a global effort to identify effective therapeutic strategies in the absence of vaccine. Among the re-purposed drugs being tested currently, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), without or with zinc ion (Zn) and the antibiotic azithromycin (AZM), has been administered to prevent or treat patients with COVID-19.

Neutralization of local toxicity induced by vipera russelli phospholipase A2 by lipophilic derivative of ascorbic acid.

L-ascorbic acid upon condensation with palmitic acid in the presence of sulphuric acid results in L-ascorbic acid-6-palmitate (AP). The effect of L-ascorbic acid derivative, AP on the pharmacological activities of purified basic multi-toxic PLA2 enzyme, VRV-PL-VIIIa from Vipera russelli snake venom along with in vitro activities is described. AP inhibited VRV-PL-VIIIa enzyme activity in a concentration dependent manner with IC50 value of 48.

Mysore childhood obesity study.

We conducted this study to document the prevalence of obesity, overweight and underweight in the school children aged 5 to 16 years from Mysore. 5 Principal Investigators and 13 Co-Investigators trained the teachers of 139 schools (Private--111, Govt--28) to record the vital statistics of the children studying in their schools. A total of 43,152 school children (23,527 boys and 19,625 girls) were surveyed.

PLA2 mediated arachidonate free radicals: PLA2 inhibition and neutralization of free radicals by anti-oxidants--a new role as anti-inflammatory molecule.

PLA2 enzyme catalyses the hydrolysis of cellular phospholipids at the sn-2 position to liberate arachidonic acid and lysophospholipid to generate a family of pro-inflammatory eicosanoids and platelet activating factor. The generation of pro-inflammatory eicosanoids involves a series of free radical intermediates with simultaneous release of reactive oxygen species (superoxide and hydroxyl radicals). Reactive oxygen species formed during arachidonic acid metabolism generates lipid peroxides and the cytotoxic products such as 4-hydroxy nonenal and acrolein, which induces cellular damage.