Resist diabetes: A randomized clinical trial for resistance training maintenance in adults with prediabetes.

Objective: To determine whether a social cognitive theory (SCT)-based intervention improves resistance training (RT) maintenance and strength, and reduces prediabetes prevalence.

Research Design And Methods: Sedentary, overweight/obese (BMI: 25-39.9 kg/m2) adults aged 50-69 (N = 170) with prediabetes participated in the 15-month trial.

Theory-based approach for maintaining resistance training in older adults with prediabetes: adherence, barriers, self-regulation strategies, treatment fidelity, costs.

Effectively preventing and treating chronic diseases through health behavior changes often require intensive theory- and evidence-based intervention including long-term maintenance components. We assessed the efficacy of theory-based maintenance approaches varying by dose for persistently performing resistance training (RT) with the hypothesis that a higher-dose social cognitive theory (SCT) approach would produce greater RT adherence than lower-dose Standard. The Resist-Diabetes study first established 2×/week resistance training (RT) in a 3-month supervised intervention in older (50-69 years, N = 170), overweight to obese (BMI 25-39.

Using response variation to develop more effective, personalized behavioral medicine?: evidence from the Resist Diabetes study.

Health behavior interventions have achieved some notable outcomes through generally higher dose interventions with intensive initial phases and long-term, faded contact maintenance phases with attention to mean changes and adherence rates. Interventions may be improved by shifting attention to the very large response variation that is typical for such protocols as exercise with non-, low, moderate, and high responders and even those who show adverse responses. Data from the Resist Diabetes study, which included adults (N = 159, ages 50-69 years) with prediabetes who were overweight or obese (BMI 25-39.

Developing a new treatment paradigm for disease prevention and healthy aging.

An increasingly prevalent pattern of risk factors has emerged in middle-aged and older adults that includes the presence of type 2 diabetes or prediabetes, overweight or obese weight status with central obesity and very high body fat, low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), low strength, and a low lean-body-mass-to-body-fat ratio. Traditionally, these problems have been approached with a low-fat and low-calorie diet and with lower to moderate intensity activity such as walking. While the treatment has some clear benefits, this approach may no longer be optimal because it does not reflect more recent findings from nutrition and exercise sciences.

Web-based guide to health: relationship of theoretical variables to change in physical activity, nutrition and weight at 16-months.

Background: Evaluation of online health interventions should investigate the function of theoretical mechanisms of behavior change in this new milieu.

Objectives: To expand our understanding of how Web-based interventions influence behavior, we examined how changes at 6 months in participants' psychosocial characteristics contributed to improvements at 16 months in nutrition, physical activity (PA), and weight management as a result of the online, social cognitive theory (SCT)-based Guide to Health intervention (WB-GTH).

Methods: We conducted recruitment, enrollment, and assessments online with 272 of 655 (41.

Guide to health: nutrition and physical activity outcomes of a group-randomized trial of an Internet-based intervention in churches.

Background: Theory-based interventions accessible to large groups of people are needed to induce favorable shifts in health behaviors and body weight.

Purpose: The aim was to assess nutrition; physical activity; and, secondarily, body weight in the tailored, social cognitive Guide to Health (GTH) Internet intervention delivered in churches.

Methods: Participants (N = 1,071; 33% male, 23% African American, 57% with body mass index > or = 25, 60% sedentary, Mdn age = 53 years) within 14 Baptist or United Methodist churches were randomized to the GTH intervention only (GTH-Only; 5 churches), with church-based supports (GTH-Plus; 5 churches), or to a waitlist (control; 4 churches).

Long-term weight gain prevention: a theoretically based Internet approach.

Background: A major focus of Healthy People 2010 is promoting weight management and physical activity because overweight, obesity, and a sedentary lifestyle are strongly associated with risk for heart disease and stroke, diabetes, cancers, and premature death.

Methods: Prevalence data and a focused review of weight management and physical activity studies point to the long-term weight gain prevention in normal weight (21-25 BMI), overweight (25-29 BMI), and even moderate obese (30-34 BMI) people as one alternative to prioritizing weight loss in health behavior interventions. This is because on a population basis annual weight gain is small (approximately 0.