Operative treatment of adolescent clavicle fractures with an intramedullary clavicle pin.

Background: Adolescent clavicle fractures have traditionally been treated nonoperatively; however, recent literature in adults has shown improved outcomes with operative treatment of displaced and shortened clavicle fractures. It has been suggested that these results may translate to adolescents. This study presents an initial look at outcomes for operative treatment of displaced midshaft clavicle fractures in adolescents using an intramedullary clavicle pin.

Self-reported and clinical measurement of three chronic disease risks among low-income women in West Virginia.

Background: This study assessed the validity of several self-reported cardiovascular risk factors among low-income women aged 40-64 years in West Virginia.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted of 733 women participating in the Well Integrated Screening and Evaluation for Women Across the Nation (WISEWOMAN) project in West Virginia to examine agreement between self-report and clinical screenings in the prevalence of risk factors related to coronary heart disease (CHD). Women participating in the study were interviewed face-to-face before administration of clinical screenings that assessed height, weight, Quetelet's index, high blood pressure (systolic > or =140 mm Hg or diastolic > or =90 mm Hg), and elevated total cholesterol concentrations (> or =200 mg/dL and > or =240 mg/dL).

Perceived barriers to physical activity according to stage of change and body mass index in the west virginia wisewoman population.

Purpose: Low-income Appalachian women aged 40-64 years are an understudied population relative to physical activity barriers. To inform a cardiovascular risk factor intervention targeting this population through the West Virginia WISEWOMAN program, we determined at baseline participants' perceptions about the presence of 6 barriers to physical activity and respective differences according to stage of readiness for change (SOC).

Methods: Low-income women aged 40-64 who had participated in a state cancer screening program were recruited through 13 clinics.

Correlates of physical activity in a community sample of older adults in Appalachia.

Although much has been learned about the global determinants of physical activity in adults, there has been a lack of specific focus on gender, age, and urban/rural differences. In this church-based community sample of Appalachian adults (N = 1,239), the primary correlates of physical activity included age, gender, obesity, and self-efficacy. Overall, 42% of all participants and 31% of adults age 65 years or older met recommended guidelines for physical activity, which suggests that most participants do not engage in adequate levels of physical activity.

Effectiveness of a nutrition intervention with rural low-income women.

Objectives: To evaluate Cookin' Up Health, a computer-based interactive nutrition intervention.

Methods: After randomization to intervention and control groups, 262 women in rural clinics in West Virginia completed both a baseline and 3-month follow-up survey.

Results: Compared to the control group, the intervention group had significantly improved scores on knowledge of dietary fats, food label reading, and readiness to eat 5 fruits and vegetables a day and foods lower in fat.

Cookin' Up Health: developing a nutrition intervention for a rural Appalachian population.

Cookin' Up Health is a culturally targeted and individualized tailored nutrition intervention using a computer-based interactive format. Using a cooking show theme, the program demonstrates step-by-step meal preparation emphasizing healthy selection and portion control. Focus groups were conducted with women in two rural counties in West Virginia to guide the development of the intervention.

Knowledge and perceptions of diabetes in an Appalachian population.

Introduction: Qualitative research on knowledge and perceptions of diabetes is limited in the Appalachian region, where social, economic, and behavioral risk factors put many individuals at high risk for diabetes. The aim of this study was to gain a culturally informed understanding of diabetes in the Appalachian region by 1) determining cultural knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes of diabetes among those who live in the region; 2) identifying concerns and barriers to care for those with diabetes; and 3) determining the barriers and facilitators to developing interventions for the prevention and early detection of diabetes in Appalachia.

Methods: Thirteen focus groups were conducted in 16 counties in West Virginia in 1999.