Neonatal mortality among disaggregated Asian American and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander populations.

Objective: We compared neonatal (<28 days) mortality rates (NMRs) across disaggregated Asian American and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander (AANHPI) groups using recent, national data.

Study Design: We used 2015-2019 cohort-linked birth-infant death records from the National Vital Statistics System. Our sample included 61,703 neonatal deaths among 18,709,743 births across all racial and ethnic groups.

Increasing in-person medical interpreter utilization in the NICU through a bundle of interventions.

Background: In-person medical interpretation improves communication with patients who have preferred language other than English (PLOE). Multi-dimensional barriers to use of medical interpreters limit their use in the NICU.

Local Problem: Medical teams in our NICU were not consistently using in-person medical interpreters, leading to ineffective communication with families with PLOE.

Disparity drivers, potential solutions, and the role of a health equity dashboard in the neonatal intensive care unit: a qualitative study.

Objective: Racial/ethnic disparities are well-described in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). We explored expert opinion on their etiology, potential solutions, and the ability of health equity dashboards to meaningfully capture NICU disparities.

Study Design: We conducted 12 qualitative semi-structured interviews, purposively selecting a diverse group of neonatal experts.

Angiotensin-II Use for Refractory Hypotension in an Infant With Bilateral Renal Agenesis.

Infants with congenital bilateral renal agenesis are at significant risk for morbidity and mortality, despite substantial and continuing advances in fetal and neonatal therapeutics. Infants with bilateral renal agenesis may episodically develop severe hypotension that can be refractory to traditional vasopressors. Synthetic angiotensin-II has been successfully used in adult and a few pediatric patients with refractory hypotension but has not been extensively studied in infants.

Disparities and Equity Dashboards in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Qualitative Study of Expert Perspectives.

Objective: Racial/ethnic disparities are well-described in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). We explore expert opinion on their root causes, potential solutions, and the ability of health equity dashboards to meaningfully address NICU disparities.

Study Design: We conducted 12 qualitative semi-structured interviews, purposively selecting a diverse group of neonatal experts.

Patent foramen ovale in patients with sickle cell disease and stroke: case presentations and review of the literature.

Although individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD) are at increased risk for stroke, the underlying pathophysiology is incompletely understood. Intracardiac shunting via a patent foramen ovale (PFO) is associated with cryptogenic stroke in individuals without SCD. Recent evidence suggests that PFOs are associated with stroke in children with SCD, although the role of PFOs in adults with stroke and SCD is unknown.

Necrostatin decreases oxidative damage, inflammation, and injury after neonatal HI.

Necrostatin-1 inhibits receptor-interacting protein (RIP)-1 kinase and programmed necrosis and is neuroprotective in adult rodent models. Owing to the prominence of necrosis and continuum cell death in neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI), we tested whether necrostatin was neuroprotective in the developing brain. Postnatal day (P)7 mice were exposed to HI and injected intracerebroventricularly with 0.