Improving the compatibility of an Y-TZP/porcelain system using a new composite interlayer composition.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different cooling procedures and a new composite interlayer composition on the flexural strength, and veneer delamination resistance, of an all-ceramic veneered translucent Y-TZP core. One hundred twenty bar-shaped specimens of a translucent Y-TZP ceramic were prepared and divided into three groups: (1) no composite interlayer; (2) a glass interlayer (silica-based glass); (3) a mixed composite interlayer of glass and porcelain veneer material. A veneering porcelain (with and without a composite interlayer) was applied on the specimen surface and sintered.

The effect of air-abrasion and heat treatment on the fracture behavior of Y-TZP.

Objectives: This study evaluated how the flexural strength and fracture behavior of a zirconia-based ceramic (Y-TZP) were affected by pre- and post-sintering mechanical and thermal treatments.

Methods: Treatments included sandblasting with different particle size and type (30μm SiO2; 50 and 110μm Al2O3) and thermal conditioning. Two hundred bar-shaped specimens of pre-sintered Y-TZP ceramic (Lava Frame, 3M) were prepared (specimen dimensions: 25mm length×4mm width×0.

Performance of zirconia abutments for implant-supported single-tooth crowns in esthetic areas: a retrospective study up to 12-year follow-up.

Objective: The aim of this clinical study was to assess complications, success, and survival rates of zirconia abutments from different implant designs.

Material And Methods: Anterior implant-supported single-tooth restorations, after 1-12 years of clinical function, were evaluated. One hundred and fifty-eight zirconia implant abutments placed in 141 patients were evaluated.

In vitro fracture toughness of commercial Y-TZP ceramics: a systematic review.

Purpose: The aim of this review was to assess research methods used to determine the fracture toughness of Y-TZP ceramics in order to systematically evaluate the accuracy of each method with regard to potential influencing factors.

Materials And Methods: Six databases were searched for studies up to April 2013. The terms "tough*," "critical stress intensity factor," "zirconi*," "yttri*," "dent*," "zirconia," "zirconium," and "stress" were searched.

In vitro wear behavior of zirconia opposing enamel: a systematic review.

Purpose: The aim of this systematic review was to assess enamel wear on teeth opposing zirconia restorations and to evaluate factors related to the wear of natural teeth opposing zirconia restorations.

Materials And Methods: Five electronic databases were searched through May 2013 without limitations. The terms "antagonist*," "enamel," "wear," and "zirconi*" were used.

Effect of ceramic thickness and shade on mechanical properties of a resin luting agent.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the influence of ceramic thickness and shade on the Knoop hardness and dynamic elastic modulus of a dual-cured resin cement.

Materials And Methods: Six ceramic shades (Bleaching, A1, A2, A3, A3.5, B3) and two ceramic thicknesses (1 mm, 3 mm) were evaluated.

Enamel wear opposing different surface conditions of different CAD/CAM ceramics.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate bovine enamel wear opposed to four different ceramic substrates (CEREC) in the glazed and polished conditions.

Method And Materials: Sixty-three ceramic (IPS Empress CAD, Paradigm C, Vitablocs Mark II) and fourteen composite resin (MZ100) styli were prepared. Ceramics were subdivided into three surface conditions (n = 7), unpolished, polished, and glazed, and the composite resin (n = 7) into unpolished and polished.

Implant-abutment gap versus microbial colonization: Clinical significance based on a literature review.

Microorganisms from the oral cavity may settle at the implant-abutment interface (IAI). As a result, tissue inflammation could occur around these structures. The databases MEDLINE/PubMed and PubMed Central were used to identify articles published from 1981 through 2012 related to the microbial colonization in the implant-abutment gap and its consequence in terms of crest bone loss and osseointegration.

Bond strength of different resin cement and ceramic shades bonded to dentin.

Purpose: To evaluate the microtensile bond strength (MTBS) of ceramic cemented to dentin varying the resin cement and ceramic shades.

Materials And Methods: Two VITA VM7 ceramic shades (Base Dentine 0M1 and Base Dentine 5M3) were used. A spectrophotometer was used to determine the percentage translucency of ceramic (thickness: 2.

Comparison of mechanical properties of five commercial dental core build-up materials.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the mechanical properties of five commercial core materials using fracture toughness (FT), Knoop hardness number (KHN), diametral tensile strength (DTS), and dynamic elastic moduli (DEM).

Methods: Composite material specimens were produced (Rock Core, CosmeCore, ParaCore, MultiCore Flow, and Filtek Supreme Plus). The FT test (n = 15) was performed using notchless triangular prism (NTP) specimens.

Effects of cement-curing mode and light-curing unit on the bond durability of ceramic cemented to dentin.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different light-curing units and resin cement curing types on the bond durability of a feldspathic ceramic bonded to dentin. The crowns of 40 human molars were sectioned, exposing the dentin. Forty ceramic blocks of VITA VM7 were produced according to the manufacturer's recommendations.

Durability of adhesion between feldspathic ceramic and resin cements: effect of adhesive resin, polymerization mode of resin cement, and aging.

Purpose: Adhesive cementation is an important step for restorations made of feldspathic ceramic as it increases the strength of such materials. Incorrect selection of the adhesive resin and the resin cement to adhere to the ceramic surface and their durability against aging can affect the adhesion between these materials and the clinical performance. This study evaluated the effect of adhesive resins with different pHs, resin cements with different polymerization modes, and aging on the bond strength to feldspathic ceramic.

Effect of ceramic shade on the degree of conversion of a dual-cure resin cement analyzed by FTIR.

Objectives: The aim of this research was to evaluate the degree of monomer conversion of different resin cement shades when photocured under different feldspathic ceramic shades. The photocuring time was also evaluated as well as the translucency of each ceramic shade.

Methods: Three VITA VM7 ceramic shades (Base Dentin 0M1, Base Dentin 2M2 and Base Dentin 5M3) were used to determine the translucency percentage.

Effect of cement shade and light-curing unit on bond strength of a ceramic cemented to dentin.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of cement shade, light-curing unit, and water storage on tensile bond strength (σ) of a feldspathic ceramic resin bonded to dentin.

Materials And Methods: The dentin surface of 40 molars was exposed and etched with 37% phosphoric acid, then an adhesive system was applied. Forty blocks of feldspathic ceramic (Vita VM7) were produced.

Diametral tensile strength of composite core material with cured and uncured fiber posts.

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of different types of posts and post head designs on the fracture resistance of a composite resin core material using the diametral tensile strength (DTS ). Seventy-five disc specimens were prepared using a composite core and prefabricated glass fiber posts and were divided into four test groups and one control group (n=15). The use of fiber posts reduced the DTS of the composite core material; the DTS value of the control material was significantly higher (p=0.

Shear bond strength of resin cement bonded to alumina ceramic after treatment by aluminum oxide sandblasting or silica coating.

Purpose: To evaluate the shear bond strength and bond durability between a dual-cured resin cement (RC) and a high alumina ceramic (In-Ceram Alumina), subjected to two surface treatments.

Materials And Methods: Forty disc-shaped specimens (sp) (4-mm diameter, 5-mm thick) were fabricated from In-Ceram Alumina and divided into two groups (n = 20) in accordance with surface treatment: (1) sandblasting by aluminum oxide particles (50 μm Al(2) O(3) ) (SB) and (2) silica coating (30 μm SiO(x) ) using the CoJet system (SC). After the 40 sp were bonded to the dual-cured RC, they were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours.

The influence of cutting speed and cutting initiation location in specimen preparation for the microtensile bond strength test.

Purpose: This study evaluated the effect of cutting initiation location and cutting speed on the bond strength between resin cement and feldspathic ceramic.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-six blocks (6.4 x 6.

Accuracy of mechanical torque devices for implants used in Brazilian dental offices.

The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of mechanical torque devices in delivering target torque values in dental offices in Salvador, Brazil. A team of researchers visited 16 dental offices, and the clinicians applied torque values (20 and 32 Ncm) to electronic torque controllers. Five repetitions were completed at each torque value and data were collected.

Adhesive quality of self-adhesive and conventional adhesive resin cement to Y-TZP ceramic before and after aging conditions.

Purpose: This study evaluated the adhesive quality of simplified self-adhesive and conventional resin cements to Y-TZP in dry and aged conditions.

Methods: Y-TZP ceramic blocks (N = 192) (5 x 5 x 2 mm) were embedded in acrylic resin and randomly divided into two groups, based on surface conditioning: 96% isopropanol or chairside tribochemical silica coating and silanization. Conditioned ceramics were divided into four groups to receive the resin cements (Panavia F 2.

The effect of carbamide peroxide bleaching agents on the microhardness of dental ceramics.

This study examined the effect of 10% and 16% carbamide peroxide bleaching agents on the surface microhardness of micro-particulate feldspathic ceramics (VM7 and VM13, Vita Zahnfabrik). Forty specimens (8-mm diameter, 2-mm thickness) were divided into four groups (n=10): GI-VM7 + 10% Whiteness, G2-VM7 + 16% Whiteness, G3-VM13 + 10% and G4-VM13 + 16% Whiteness. The home-use bleaching agents were applied for 8 hours on 15 days, and the specimens were stored in distilled water at 37 degrees C.

Effect of silica coating combined to a MDP-based primer on the resin bond to Y-TZP ceramic.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of silica coating and 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP)-based primer applications upon the bonding durability of a MDP-based resin cement to a yttrium stabilized tetragonal zirconia (Y-TZP) ceramic. Ninety-six Y-TZP tabs were embedded in an acrylic resin (free surface for adhesion: 5 × 5 mm(2)), ground finished and randomly divided into four groups (N = 24) according to the ceramic surface conditioning: (1) cleaning with isopropanol (ALC); (2) ALC + phosphoric acid etching + MDP-based primer application (MDP-primer); (3) silica coating + 3-methacryloyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane (MPS)-based coupling agent application (SiO2 + MPS-Sil); and (4) SiO2 + MDP-primer. The MDP-based resin cement was applied on the treated surface using a cylindrical mold (diameter= 3 mm).

Hardening of a dual-cure resin cement using QTH and LED curing units.

Objective: This study evaluated the surface hardness of a resin cement (RelyX ARC) photoactivated through indirect composite resin (Cristobal) disks of different thicknesses using either a light-emitting diode (LED) or quartz tungsten halogen (QTH) light source.

Material And Methods: Eighteen resin cement specimens were prepared and divided into 6 groups according to the type of curing unit and the thickness of resin disks interposed between the cement surface and light source. Three indentations (50 g for 15 s) were performed on the top and bottom surface of each specimen and a mean Vickers hardness number (VHN) was calculated for each specimen.

Effect of bleaching agent on dental ceramics roughness.

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of bleaching agents (10% and 16% carbamide peroxide) on the roughness of two dental ceramics in vitro, and to analyze the surface by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). Two bleaching agents (10% and 16%/Whiteness, FGM Gel) and two microparticle feldspathic ceramics (Vita VM7 and Vita VM13) were used. Forty disks of Vita VM7 and Vita VM13 ceramic were manufactured, measuring 4 mm in diameter and 4 mm high, in accordance with the manufacturers' recommendations, and were divided into 4 groups (n = 10): (1) VM7 + Whiteness 10%; (2) VM7 + Whiteness 16%; (3) VM13 + Whiteness 10%; (4) VM13 + Whiteness 16%.

Intrapulpal temperature variation during bleaching with various activation mechanisms.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the intrapulpal temperature variation after bleaching treatment with 35% hydrogen peroxide using different sources of activation.

Material And Methods: Twenty-four human teeth were sectioned in the mesiodistal direction providing 48 specimens, and were divided into 4 groups (n=12): (G1) Control - Bleaching gel without light activation, (G2) Bleaching gel + halogen light, (G3) Bleaching gel + LED, (G4) Bleaching gel + Nd:YAG Laser. The temperatures were recorded using a digital thermometer at 4 time points: before bleaching gel application, 1 min after bleaching gel application, during activation of the bleaching gel, and after the bleaching agent turned from a dark-red into a clear gel.

Bond strength durability of self-etching adhesives and resin cements to dentin.

Objectives: To evaluate the microtensile bond strength (microTBS) of one- (Xeno III, Dentsply) and two-step (Tyrian-One Step Plus, Bisco) self-etching adhesive systems bonded to dentin and cemented to chemically cured (C&B Metabond) or light-cured paste of a dual-cure resin cement (Variolink II, Ivoclar) within a short (24 h) and long period of evaluation (90 days).

Material And Methods: Forty recently extracted human molars had their roots removed and their occlusal dentin exposed and ground wet with 600-grit SiC paper. After application of one of the adhesives, the resin cement was applied to the bonded surface and a composite resin block was incrementally built up to a height of 5 mm (n=10).