Diagnosing Cataracts in the Digital Age: A Survey on AI, Metaverse, and Digital Twin Applications.

Purpose: The study explores the evolving landscape of cataract diagnosis, focusing on both traditional methods and innovative technological integrations. It aims to address challenges with subjectivity in traditional cataract grading and to evaluate how new technologies can enhance diagnostic accuracy and accessibility.

Methods: The research introduces and examines the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), and Deep Learning (DL) in automating and improving cataract screening processes.

Metabolic Syndrome among Female School Teachers: A Sedentary Occupational Sector.

Background: Dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hypertension, and abdominal obesity are important determinants of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Ample studies provide statistical data on the prevalence of MetS among the general public. Conversely, there is a paucity of data on the risk of MetS among different sedentary occupational groups.

Determinants of Malnutrition among Elderly Women Living in Institutional Care.

Background: Healthy aging and well-being are largely influenced by nutrition.

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the risk of malnutrition in elderly women residing in institutional care and its contributing factors.

Methodology: One hundred institutionalized women aged 60 years and above were screened for malnutrition using Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) tool.

Efficacy of an Automated Algorithm for Screening Diabetic Retinopathy in Gradable and Ungradable Images in Real-Time Conditions.

To examine the effectiveness of a computer-assisted device (CAD) for diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening from retinal photographs at a vitreoretinal outpatient department (VR OPD), telecamps, and diabetes outpatient clinic by an ophthalmologist. In particular, the effectiveness of CAD in gradable and ungradable retinal images was examined. A total of 848 eyes of 485 patients underwent 45° retinal photographs at the VR OPD of a tertiary care hospital in southern India.

Telehealth as a Means of Enabling Health Equity.

Objective: The goal of this paper is to provide a consensus review on telehealth delivery prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic to develop a set of recommendations for designing telehealth services and tools that contribute to system resilience and equitable health.

Methods: The IMIA-Telehealth Working Group (WG) members conducted a two-step approach to understand the role of telehealth in enabling global health equity. We first conducted a consensus review on the topic followed by a modified Delphi process to respond to four questions related to the role telehealth can play in developing a resilient and equitable health system.

Telehealth and the COVID-19 Pandemic: International Perspectives and a Health Systems Framework for Telehealth Implementation to Support Critical Response.

Objectives: Telehealth implementation is a complex systems-based endeavour. This paper compares telehealth responses to (COrona VIrus Disease 2019) COVID-19 across ten countries to identify lessons learned about the complexity of telehealth during critical response such as in response to a global pandemic. Our overall objective is to develop a health systems-based framework for telehealth implementation to support critical response.

Validation of a Customized Algorithm for the Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy from Single-Field Fundus Photographs in a Tertiary Eye Care Hospital.

The study was done to validate the real time efficacy of a customised algorithm in detecting diabetic retinopathy (DR) among diabetic patients being examined at the vitreo retinal outpatient department (VR OPD) of a tertiary care hospital, Diabetic Retinopathy algorithm showed sensitivity of 79% and specificity of 57% which is an acceptable methodology to diagnose diabetic retinopathy and avoid unnecessary referrals.

Developmental screening tool: Accuracy and feasibility of non-invasive anaemia estimation.

Anaemia is predicted as one of the serious communal health issue in the world. The deficiency exists most common among children and women. A substantial issue prevails in providing quality healthcare services to rural communities, which remains a challenge to health service providers throughout the world.

Customized nutrition intervention and personalized counseling helps achieve nutrition targets in perioperative liver transplant patients.

Background And Aim: Nutritional therapy is an integral part of care in all phases of liver transplantation (LTx). However, there are several factors that make it a challenge to manage malnutrition in these patients including, but not limited to, loss of appetite, dietary restrictions and dietary habits. Dietary habits are guided by personal choice, social, cultural and regional background with diversity ranging from veganism to vegetarianism with the latter predominant in Indian population.

Tobacco-Nicotine Education and Training for Health-Care Professional Students and Practitioners: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: The objective of this systematic review was to investigate what education and training characteristics prepares and supports health-care professionals (HCPs) in the delivery of competent and effective care to clients who use tobacco-nicotine.

Aims And Methods: A search of eight bibliographic databases for English-language peer-reviewed publications from January 2006 to March 2015. Studies were included if they met the a priori inclusion criteria, which consisted of: (1) quantitative study design and (2) focus on tobacco-nicotine education or training for HCP students and practitioners.

Assessment of Computer-Assisted Screening Technology for Diabetic Retinopathy Screening in India - Preliminary Results and Recommendations from a Pilot Study.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is regarded as a major cause of preventable blindness, which can be detected and treated if the cases are identified by screening. Screening for DR is therefore being practiced in developed countries, and tele screening has been a prominent model of delivery of eye care for screening DR.

Aim: Our study has been designed to provide inputs on the suitability of a computer-assisted DR screening solution, for use in a larger prospective study.

A Pilot Study to Improve Access to Eye Care Services for Patients in Rural India by Implementing Community Ophthalmology through Innovative Telehealth Technology.

Objective: To inform about a very unique and first of its kind telehealth pilot study in India that has provided virtual telehealth consultation to eye care patients in low resource at remote villages.

Background: Provision of Access to eye care services in remote population is always challenging due to pragmatic reasons. Advances in Telehealth technologies have provided an opportunity to improve access to remote population.

Governance and management of national telehealth programs in Asia.

Unlabelled: Telehealth and telemedicine are increasingly becoming accepted practices in Asia, but challenges remain in deploying these services to the farthest areas of many developing countries. With the increasing popularity of universal health coverage, there is a resurgence in promoting telehealth services. But while telehealth that reaches the remotest part of a nation is the ideal endpoint, such goals are burdened by various constraints ranging from governance to funding to infrastructure and operational efficiency.

Are smartphones comparable to laptops for image diagnosis in teleophthalmology?

Objective: To assess the reliability and accuracy of smartphones in diagnosing transmitted fundus images in comparison with a laptop.

Materials And Methods: Fundus images captured with a Topcon NW 200 camera were transferred onto a conventional laptop and a smartphone and given to ophthalmologists for diagnosis. The smartphone and the laptop diagnosis were compared with the actual face to face diagnosis statistically to assess their diagnostic accuracy.