Chronic diseases, chest computed tomography, and laboratory tests as predictors of severe respiratory failure and death in elderly Brazilian patients hospitalized with COVID-19: a prospective cohort study.

Background: The primary risk factors for severe respiratory failure and death in the elderly hospitalized with COVID-19 remain unclear.

Objective: To determine the association of chronic diseases, chest computed tomography (CT), and laboratory tests with severe respiratory failure and mortality in older adults hospitalized with COVID-19.

Method: This was a prospective cohort with 201 hospitalized older adults with COVID-19.

Regenerative effect of platelet-rich plasma in the murine ischemic limbs.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of PPRP (pure PRP) and LPRP (PRP with leukocytes) on recovery from limb ischemia and on expression of growth factors involved in angiogenesis, myogenesis and fibrogenesis.

Material And Methods: PPRP and LPRP prepared by centrifugation were added to cultures of C2C12 and NIH3T3 cells (1 or 10% PRPs) to evaluate alterations in cell metabolism and expression of growth factors by MTT, ELISA and RT-qPCR, respectively. To evaluate in vivo regenerative effects, PRPs were injected into the ischemic limbs of BALB/c mice and muscle mass/strength and histomorphometry were evaluated after 30 days.

Sex effects on the association between sarcopenia EWGSOP and osteoporosis in outpatient older adults: data from the SARCOS study.

Objective: The objective was to evaluate the association between sarcopenia (EWGSOP) and osteoporosis in older adults.

Subjects And Methods: This is a cross sectional analysis of a baseline evaluation of the SARCopenia and OSteoporosis in Older Adults with Cardiovascular Diseases Study (SARCOS). Three hundred and thirty-two subjects over 65 years of age were evaluated.

Bicruciate lesion biomechanics, Part 2-treatment using a simultaneous tensioning protocol: ACL fixation first is better than PCL fixation first to restore tibiofemoral orientation.

Purpose: An uncommon technique for bicruciate ligament reconstruction involving simultaneous tensioning of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) grafts with ACL graft fixation first has been pointed out as superior to the "gold-standard" PCL graft fixation first. The purpose of this study was to compare tibiofemoral biomechanics between ACL fixation first and PCL fixation first in a simultaneous tensioning protocol for bicruciate ligament reconstruction.

Methods: 12 fresh-frozen cadaveric knees (six matched pairs) were tested using a custom testing system.

Bicruciate lesion biomechanics, Part 1-Diagnosis: translations over 15 mm at 90° of knee flexion are indicative of a complete tear.

Purpose: Understanding the pathomechanics of a bicruciate injury (BI) is critical for its correct diagnosis and treatment. The purpose of this biomechanical study aims to quantify the effects of sequential sectioning of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) bundles on knee laxity.

Methods: Twelve cadaveric knees (six matched pairs) were used.

Quadriceps Strength Deficit at 6 Months After ACL Reconstruction Does Not Predict Return to Preinjury Sports Level.

Background: There is a lack of literature-based objective criteria for return to sport after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Establishing such objective criteria is crucial to improving return to sport after ACL reconstruction (ACLR).

Hypotheses: Patients who return to their preinjury level of sport will have higher isokinetic, postural stability, and drop vertical jump test scores 6 months after surgery and greater patient satisfaction compared with those who did not.

Magnetic resonance imaging-based morphological and alignment assessment of the patellofemoral joint and its relationship to proximal patellar tendinopathy.

Objective: To assess the differences in morphology and alignment of the knee between patients with proximal patellar tendinopathy (PPT) and a control group, using MRI and focusing on the patellofemoral joint.

Methods: We retrospectively included 35 patients with clinically diagnosed and unequivocal findings of PPT on knee MRI, the case group. For the control group, we included 70 patients who underwent knee MRI for other reasons, with no clinical or MRI evidence of PPT.

Relationship Between the Middle Genicular Artery and the Posterior Structures of the Knee: A Cadaveric Study.

Background: The middle genicular artery (MGA) is responsible for the blood supply to the cruciate ligaments and synovial tissue. Traumatic sports injuries and surgical procedures (open and arthroscopic) can cause vascular damage. Little attention has been devoted to establish safe parameters for the MGA.

Platelet-Rich Plasma in a Murine Model: Leukocytes, Growth Factors, Flt-1, and Muscle Healing.

Background: It is well known that platelet-rich plasma (PRP) preparations are not the same and that not all preparations include white blood cells, but the part that leukocytes play on the healing role of PRP is still unknown.

Purpose: The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of leukocytes in different PRP preparations with a special emphasis on growth factor concentrations. The secondary aim was to evaluate the influence of PRP on muscle healing.

Anterolateral ligament anatomy: a comparative anatomical study.

Purpose: Some anatomical studies have indicated that the anterolateral ligament (ALL) of the knee is distinct ligamentous structure in humans. The purpose of this study is to compare the lateral anatomy of the knee among human and various animal specimens.

Methods: Fifty-eight fresh-frozen knee specimens, from 24 different animal species, were used for this anatomical study.

Frailty predictors and outcomes among older patients with cardiovascular disease: Data from Fragicor.

The aim of this study was to evaluate predictive factors for frailty among older outpatient adults with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and to assess the predictive value of frailty in regard to mortality, disability and hospitalization at 1-year follow-up. A prospective cohort study was carried out with subjects over 65 years of age from an outpatient Cardiology clinic, with at least one CVD. At baseline, we classified frailty as proposed by Fried, i.

Gene and cell therapy for muscle regeneration.

Skeletal muscle injury and healing are multifactorial processes, involving three steps of healing: (1) degeneration and inflammation, (2) regeneration, and (3) fibrosis. Fibrous tissue hinders the muscle's complete recovery and current therapies fail in achieving total muscle recovery. Gene and cell therapy (or both) are potential future treatments for severe muscular injuries.

Surgical treatment for muscle injuries.

Muscle injury causes functional impairment. The healing process takes time and fibrotic tissue can result. Recurrence and delayed recovery remain as unsolved problems.

Rehabilitation Management of Hemicorporectomy.

This is a case report of a 55-year-old woman who was treated with a hemicorporectomy consequent to an invasive undifferentiated sacral chordoma. We describe the clinical course and rehabilitation process in an amputee outpatient clinic and report outcome measures such as the modified Functional Reach Test, the Amputee Mobility Predictor, the Functional Independence Measure, and the Short-Form Health Survey after 9 months of rehabilitation.

Updates in biological therapies for knee injuries: anterior cruciate ligament.

There have been many advances in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) techniques incorporating biological treatment. The aim of this review is to discuss the recent contributions that may enlighten our understanding of biological therapies for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries and improve management decisions involving these enhancement options. Three main biological procedures will be analyzed: bio-enhanced ACL repair, bio-enhanced ACLR scrutinized under the four basic principles of tissue engineering (scaffolds, cell sources, growth factors/cytokines including platelet-rich plasma, and mechanical stimuli), and remnant-preserving ACLR.

A manual method to obtain platelet rich plasma.

Objective: This study is to report a manual method to obtain platelet rich plasma (PRP).

Methods: For this study 61 ml of peripheral blood was obtained and submitted to centrifugation at 541g for 5 min. The centrifugation separates the blood into three components: red blood cells, buffy coat and platelet rich plasma.

Biological approaches to improve skeletal muscle healing after injury and disease.

Skeletal muscle injury and repair are complex processes, including well-coordinated steps of degeneration, inflammation, regeneration, and fibrosis. We have reviewed the recent literature including studies by our group that describe how to modulate the processes of skeletal muscle repair and regeneration. Antiinflammatory drugs that target cyclooxygenase-2 were found to hamper the skeletal muscle repair process.

Bupivacaine injection leads to muscle force reduction and histologic changes in a murine model.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of bupivacaine on muscle force and histology. We hypothesize that bupivacaine will worsen the muscle's physiological activity.

Setting: Controlled laboratory experiment.

Severe osteopenia and osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and frailty status in community-dwelling older women: results from the Women's Health and Aging Study (WHAS) II.

Objectives: The goal of this study was to examine the associations between severe osteopenia and osteoporosis and/or sarcopenia on frailty status, a major geriatric syndrome in community-dwelling older women.

Design: Cross-sectional analysis.

Setting: Women's Health and Aging Studies II (WHAS-II), Baltimore, Maryland.

Impingement pressure in the anatomical and nonanatomical anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a cadaver study.

Background: Although the literature has extensively discussed impingement after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, the definition of impingement is vague, and impingement pressure has not been well investigated as a function of tunnel position.

Purpose: To determine the amount of impingement pressure between the ACL and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) and between the ACL and notch roof in the native ACL, the single-bundle ACL reconstruction with different tunnel placements, and the anatomical double-bundle ACL reconstruction.

Study Design: Controlled laboratory study.

Transitory myocardial ischemia in patients with vascular lower limb amputation: relationship with long-term atherothrombotic events.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of asymptomatic transitory myocardial ischemia during scintigraphy among amputees of vascular etiology as well as to ascertain correlation with atherothrombotic events during long-term follow-up.

Design: A cohort, mean follow-up of 2.1 yrs study was performed in an outpatient rehabilitation clinic with 58 lower limb vascular amputees who were referred for rehabilitation, asymptomatic for coronary heart disease.